Temporal graph models fail to capture global temporal dynamics
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
A recently released Temporal Graph Benchmark is analyzed in the context of Dynamic Link Property Prediction. We outline our observations and propose a trivial optimization-free baseline of "recently popular nodes" outperforming other methods on medium and large-size datasets in the Temporal Graph Benchmark. We propose two measures based on Wasserstein distance which can quantify the strength of short-term and long-term global dynamics of datasets. By analyzing our unexpectedly strong baseline, we show how standard negative sampling evaluation can be unsuitable for datasets with strong temporal dynamics. We also show how simple negative-sampling can lead to model degeneration during training, resulting in impossible to rank, fully saturated predictions of temporal graph networks. We propose improved negative sampling schemes for both training and evaluation and prove their usefulness. We conduct a comparison with a model trained non-contrastively without negative sampling. Our results provide a challenging baseline and indicate that temporal graph network architectures need deep rethinking for usage in problems with significant global dynamics, such as social media, cryptocurrency markets or e-commerce. We open-source the code for baselines, measures and proposed negative sampling schemes.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Builds on 11 of its 14 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 Sep 2023.
Builds on
11 of 14 references.
References · 11
- 2020Temporal Graph Networks for Deep Learning on Dynamic Graphscited by 525
- 2020Inductive Representation Learning on Temporal Graphscited by 457
- 2021Inductive Representation Learning in Temporal Networks via Causal Anonymous Walkscited by 192
- 2023Do We Really Need Complicated Model Architectures For Temporal Networks?cited by 142
- 2023Temporal Graph Benchmark for Machine Learning on Temporal Graphscited by 137
- 2022Towards Better Evaluation for Dynamic Link Predictioncited by 120
- 2021TCL: Transformer-based Dynamic Graph Modelling via Contrastive Learningcited by 66
- 2022Neighborhood-aware Scalable Temporal Network Representation Learningcited by 54
- 2020An efficient manifold density estimator for all recommendation systemscited by 8
- 2021Cleora: A Simple, Strong and Scalable Graph Embedding Schemecited by 8
- 2023An Empirical Evaluation of Temporal Graph Benchmarkcited by 8
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 2; 2026: 2.
5 papers.
- 2025Are Large Language Models Good Temporal Graph Learners?cited by 3
- 2024Exploring the Performance of Continuous-Time Dynamic Link Prediction Algorithmscited by 1
- 2025Rolling Forward: Enhancing LightGCN with Causal Graph Convolution for Credit Bond Recommendationcited by 0
- 2026Beat the Counter First: A Baseline for Temporal-Graph Anomaly Detectorscited by 0
- 2026Do Temporal Link Predictors Need Learned Memory? A Smoothed-Count Baseline with a Handful of Parameterscited by 0
- 2026Do Temporal Link Predictors Need Learned Memory? A Smoothed-Count Baseline with a Handful of Parameters28 Sep 2026
- 2026Beat the Counter First: A Baseline for Temporal-Graph Anomaly Detectors16 Aug 2026
- 2025Are Large Language Models Good Temporal Graph Learners?3 Jun 2025
- 2025Rolling Forward: Enhancing LightGCN with Causal Graph Convolution for Credit Bond Recommendation18 Mar 2025
- 2024Exploring the Performance of Continuous-Time Dynamic Link Prediction Algorithms27 May 2024