Hierarchical reinforcement learning with natural language subgoals
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Hierarchical reinforcement learning has been a compelling approach for achieving goal directed behavior over long sequences of actions. However, it has been challenging to implement in realistic or open-ended environments. A main challenge has been to find the right space of sub-goals over which to instantiate a hierarchy. We present a novel approach where we use data from humans solving these tasks to softly supervise the goal space for a set of long range tasks in a 3D embodied environment. In particular, we use unconstrained natural language to parameterize this space. This has two advantages: first, it is easy to generate this data from naive human participants; second, it is flexible enough to represent a vast range of sub-goals in human-relevant tasks. Our approach outperforms agents that clone expert behavior on these tasks, as well as HRL from scratch without this supervised sub-goal space. Our work presents a novel approach to combining human expert supervision with the benefits and flexibility of reinforcement learning.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 17 of its 20 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Sep 2023.
Builds on
17 of 20 references.
References · 17
- 2022Do As I Can, Not As I Say: Grounding Language in Robotic Affordancescited by 2,302
- 2023Voyager: An Open-Ended Embodied Agent with Large Language Modelscited by 2,081
- 2023PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Modelcited by 2,037
- 2018IMPALA: Scalable Distributed Deep-RL with Importance Weighted Actor-Learner Architecturescited by 866
- 2016Modular Multitask Reinforcement Learning with Policy Sketchescited by 200
- 2019A Survey of Reinforcement Learning Informed by Natural Languagecited by 154
- 2019Language as an Abstraction for Hierarchical Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 138
- 2015Deep Reinforcement Learning with a Natural Language Action Spacecited by 88
- 2015Language Understanding for Text-based Games Using Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 70
- 2023Collaborating with language models for embodied reasoningcited by 61
- 2020Imitating Interactive Intelligencecited by 55
- 2021Tell me why! Explanations support learning relational and causal structurecited by 36
5 more
- 2020Ask Your Humans: Using Human Instructions to Improve Generalization in Reinforcement Learningcited by 32
- 2022Using Natural Language and Program Abstractions to Instill Human Inductive Biases in Machinescited by 20
- 2013Hierarchical Solution of Markov Decision Processes using Macro-actionscited by 19
- 2018Learning Robust Optionscited by 17
- 2020Using Unity to Help Solve Intelligencecited by 13
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 1.
3 papers.