mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Exploring Large Language Models for Ontology Alignment

arXiv 2309.07172 ↗First posted 12 Sep 2023cs.AI cs.CL cs.LGcited by 26

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Abstract (arXiv)

This work investigates the applicability of recent generative Large Language Models (LLMs), such as the GPT series and Flan-T5, to ontology alignment for identifying concept equivalence mappings across ontologies. To test the zero-shot performance of Flan-T5-XXL and GPT-3.5-turbo, we leverage challenging subsets from two equivalence matching datasets of the OAEI Bio-ML track, taking into account concept labels and structural contexts. Preliminary findings suggest that LLMs have the potential to outperform existing ontology alignment systems like BERTMap, given careful framework and prompt design.

Key facts. Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 6 of its 6 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Sep 2023.

Builds on

6 of 6 references.

References · 6

  1. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
  2. 2022Scaling Instruction-Finetuned Language Modelscited by 3,024
  3. 2021BERTMap: A BERT-based Ontology Alignment Systemcited by 46
  4. 2022Machine Learning-Friendly Biomedical Datasets for Equivalence and Subsumption Ontology Matchingcited by 22
  5. 2023DeepOnto: A Python Package for Ontology Engineering with Deep Learningcited by 20
  6. 2023Truveta Mapper: A Zero-shot Ontology Alignment Frameworkcited by 5

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 11; 2025: 10; 2026: 3.

26 papers.

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  1. 2023Agent-OM: Leveraging LLM Agents for Ontology Matchingcited by 27
  2. 2024LLMs4OM: Matching Ontologies with Large Language Modelscited by 22
  3. 2024OntoChat: a Framework for Conversational Ontology Engineering using Language Modelscited by 15
  4. 2024Towards Complex Ontology Alignment using Large Language Modelscited by 9
  5. 2025OntoAligner: A Comprehensive Modular and Robust Python Toolkit for Ontology Alignmentcited by 8
  6. 2025Ontology Matching with Large Language Models and Prioritized Depth-First Searchcited by 5
  7. 2024Ontology Completion with Natural Language Inference and Concept Embeddings: An Analysiscited by 4
  8. 2024A Language Model based Framework for New Concept Placement in Ontologiescited by 3
  9. 2024Improving Ontology Requirements Engineering with OntoChat and Participatory Promptingcited by 3
  10. 2024OAEI-LLM: A Benchmark Dataset for Understanding Large Language Model Hallucinations in Ontology Matchingcited by 3
  11. 2025Large Language Models as Oracles for Ontology Alignmentcited by 3
  12. 2026A Guide to Large Language Models in Modeling and Simulation: From Core Techniques to Critical Challengescited by 3
14 more
  1. 2023MapperGPT: Large Language Models for Linking and Mapping Entitiescited by 2
  2. 2025KROMA: Ontology Matching with Knowledge Retrieval and Large Language Modelscited by 2
  3. 2025GenOM: Ontology Matching with Description Generation and Large Language Modelcited by 2
  4. 2024OWL2Vec4OA: Tailoring Knowledge Graph Embeddings for Ontology Alignmentcited by 1
  5. 2024DSTI at LLMs4OL 2024 Task A: Intrinsic versus extrinsic knowledge for type classificationcited by 1
  6. 2025OAEI-LLM-T: A TBox Benchmark Dataset for Understanding Large Language Model Hallucinations in Ontology Matchingcited by 1
  7. 2025OntoAligner Meets Knowledge Graph Embedding Alignerscited by 1
  8. 2025Evaluating the effectiveness of LLM-based interoperabilitycited by 1
  9. 2024Can Structured Data Reduce Epistemic Uncertainty?cited by 0
  10. 2024How Does A Text Preprocessing Pipeline Affect Ontology Matching?cited by 0
  11. 2025BRAINCELL-AID: An Agentic AI Created Brain Cell Type Resource for Community Annotationcited by 0
  12. 2025VSPO: Validating Semantic Pitfalls in Ontology via LLM-Based CQ Generationcited by 0
  13. 2026Conversational Control with Ontologies for Large Language Models: A Lightweight Framework for Constrained Generationcited by 0
  14. 2026SCOPE and SCION: A Benchmark and an Auditable Reference Pipeline for Schema Induction and Fusion from Textcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Improving LLM-based Ontology Matching with fine-tuning on synthetic data
  2. 2025Transforming Expert Knowledge into Scalable Ontology via Large Language Models
  3. 2025Assessing the Capability of Large Language Models for Domain-Specific Ontology Generation
  4. 2025OntoTune: Ontology-Driven Self-training for Aligning Large Language Models
  5. 2025CMOMgen: Complex Multi-Ontology Alignment via Pattern-Guided In-Context Learning
  6. 2026OntoAligner-Ensemble: Voting-Based Fusion across Heterogeneous Ontology Alignment Techniques
  7. 2024Entity Alignment with Noisy Annotations from Large Language Models
  8. 2026When Does Bigger Help? A Controlled Study of LLM Scale for Ontology Learning