Multiclass Confidence and Localization Calibration for Object Detection
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Abstract (arXiv)
Albeit achieving high predictive accuracy across many challenging computer vision problems, recent studies suggest that deep neural networks (DNNs) tend to make overconfident predictions, rendering them poorly calibrated. Most of the existing attempts for improving DNN calibration are limited to classification tasks and restricted to calibrating in-domain predictions. Surprisingly, very little to no attempts have been made in studying the calibration of object detection methods, which occupy a pivotal space in vision-based security-sensitive, and safety-critical applications. In this paper, we propose a new train-time technique for calibrating modern object detection methods. It is capable of jointly calibrating multiclass confidence and box localization by leveraging their predictive uncertainties. We perform extensive experiments on several in-domain and out-of-domain detection benchmarks. Results demonstrate that our proposed train-time calibration method consistently outperforms several baselines in reducing calibration error for both in-domain and out-of-domain predictions. Our code and models are available at https://github.com/bimsarapathiraja/MCCL.
Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 37 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 14 Jun 2023.
Builds on
37 of 53 references.
References · 37
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 5; 2025: 3; 2026: 4.
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- 2023MoCaE: Mixture of Calibrated Experts Significantly Improves Object Detectioncited by 17
- 2024On Calibration of Object Detectors: Pitfalls, Evaluation and Baselinescited by 11
- 2023On the Calibration of Human Pose Estimationcited by 10
- 2023Beyond Classification: Definition and Density-based Estimation of Calibration in Object Detectioncited by 9
- 2024Fractal Calibration for long-tailed object detectioncited by 5
- 2024Uncertainty Quantification in Detection Transformers: Object-Level Calibration and Image-Level Reliabilitycited by 2
- 2023A Theoretical and Practical Framework for Evaluating Uncertainty Calibration in Object Detectioncited by 1
- 2024Detecting Out-of-Distribution Objects through Class-Conditioned Inpaintingcited by 1
- 2024A Decision-driven Methodology for Designing Uncertainty-aware AI Self-Assessmentcited by 1
- 2025Exploring Scale Shift in Crowd Localization under the Context of Domain Generalizationcited by 1
- 2026Query2Uncertainty: Robust Uncertainty Quantification and Calibration for 3D Object Detection under Distribution Shiftcited by 1
- 2025Automated Model Evaluation for Object Detection via Prediction Consistency and Reliabilitycited by 0
4 more
- 2025Calibrating the Full Predictive Class Distribution of 3D Object Detectors for Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026Calibrating Probabilistic Object Detectors with Annotator Disagreementcited by 0
- 2026Fair Classification with Efficient and Post-hoc Controllable Fairness-Accuracy Trade-offcited by 0
- 2026Rethinking Detection Calibration: A Coordinate and Direction Perspectivecited by 0
- 2026Rethinking Detection Calibration: A Coordinate and Direction Perspective31 Jul 2026
- 2026Fair Classification with Efficient and Post-hoc Controllable Fairness-Accuracy Trade-off26 Jun 2026
- 2026Calibrating Probabilistic Object Detectors with Annotator Disagreement23 May 2026
- 2026Query2Uncertainty: Robust Uncertainty Quantification and Calibration for 3D Object Detection under Distribution Shift6 May 2026
- 2025Exploring Scale Shift in Crowd Localization under the Context of Domain Generalization22 Oct 2025
- 2025Calibrating the Full Predictive Class Distribution of 3D Object Detectors for Autonomous Driving2 Oct 2025
- 2025Automated Model Evaluation for Object Detection via Prediction Consistency and Reliability16 Aug 2025
- 2024Uncertainty Quantification in Detection Transformers: Object-Level Calibration and Image-Level Reliability2 Dec 2024
- 2024Fractal Calibration for long-tailed object detection15 Oct 2024
- 2024A Decision-driven Methodology for Designing Uncertainty-aware AI Self-Assessment2 Aug 2024
- 2024On Calibration of Object Detectors: Pitfalls, Evaluation and Baselines30 May 2024
- 2024Detecting Out-of-Distribution Objects through Class-Conditioned Inpainting5 Feb 2024
4 more
- 2023Beyond Classification: Definition and Density-based Estimation of Calibration in Object Detection11 Dec 2023
- 2023On the Calibration of Human Pose Estimation28 Nov 2023
- 2023MoCaE: Mixture of Calibrated Experts Significantly Improves Object Detection26 Sep 2023
- 2023A Theoretical and Practical Framework for Evaluating Uncertainty Calibration in Object Detection1 Sep 2023
- 2024On Calibration of Object Detectors: Pitfalls, Evaluation and Baselinescited by 11
- 2023On the Calibration of Human Pose Estimationcited by 10
- 2023Beyond Classification: Definition and Density-based Estimation of Calibration in Object Detectioncited by 9
- 2024Fractal Calibration for long-tailed object detectioncited by 5
- 2024Uncertainty Quantification in Detection Transformers: Object-Level Calibration and Image-Level Reliabilitycited by 2
- 2023A Theoretical and Practical Framework for Evaluating Uncertainty Calibration in Object Detectioncited by 1
- 2024Detecting Out-of-Distribution Objects through Class-Conditioned Inpaintingcited by 1
- 2024A Decision-driven Methodology for Designing Uncertainty-aware AI Self-Assessmentcited by 1
- 2025Exploring Scale Shift in Crowd Localization under the Context of Domain Generalizationcited by 1
- 2026Query2Uncertainty: Robust Uncertainty Quantification and Calibration for 3D Object Detection under Distribution Shiftcited by 1
- 2025Automated Model Evaluation for Object Detection via Prediction Consistency and Reliabilitycited by 0
- 2025Calibrating the Full Predictive Class Distribution of 3D Object Detectors for Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
12 most cited of 15 All 15 (JSON)
- 2026Rethinking Detection Calibration: A Coordinate and Direction Perspective31 Jul 2026
- 2026Fair Classification with Efficient and Post-hoc Controllable Fairness-Accuracy Trade-off26 Jun 2026
- 2026Calibrating Probabilistic Object Detectors with Annotator Disagreement23 May 2026
- 2026Query2Uncertainty: Robust Uncertainty Quantification and Calibration for 3D Object Detection under Distribution Shift6 May 2026
- 2025Exploring Scale Shift in Crowd Localization under the Context of Domain Generalization22 Oct 2025
- 2025Calibrating the Full Predictive Class Distribution of 3D Object Detectors for Autonomous Driving2 Oct 2025
- 2025Automated Model Evaluation for Object Detection via Prediction Consistency and Reliability16 Aug 2025
- 2024Uncertainty Quantification in Detection Transformers: Object-Level Calibration and Image-Level Reliability2 Dec 2024
- 2024Fractal Calibration for long-tailed object detection15 Oct 2024
- 2024A Decision-driven Methodology for Designing Uncertainty-aware AI Self-Assessment2 Aug 2024
- 2024On Calibration of Object Detectors: Pitfalls, Evaluation and Baselines30 May 2024
- 2024Detecting Out-of-Distribution Objects through Class-Conditioned Inpainting5 Feb 2024
12 newest of 15 All 15 (JSON)