RLtools: A Fast, Portable Deep Reinforcement Learning Library for Continuous Control
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Abstract (arXiv)
Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) can yield capable agents and control policies in several domains but is commonly plagued by prohibitively long training times. Additionally, in the case of continuous control problems, the applicability of learned policies on real-world embedded devices is limited due to the lack of real-time guarantees and portability of existing libraries. To address these challenges, we present RLtools, a dependency-free, header-only, pure C++ library for deep supervised and reinforcement learning. Its novel architecture allows RLtools to be used on a wide variety of platforms, from HPC clusters over workstations and laptops to smartphones, smartwatches, and microcontrollers. Specifically, due to the tight integration of the RL algorithms with simulation environments, RLtools can solve popular RL problems up to 76 times faster than other popular RL frameworks. We also benchmark the inference on a diverse set of microcontrollers and show that in most cases our optimized implementation is by far the fastest. Finally, RLtools enables the first-ever demonstration of training a deep RL algorithm directly on a microcontroller, giving rise to the field of TinyRL. The source code as well as documentation and live demos are available through our project page at https://rl.tools.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 28 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Jun 2023.
Builds on
28 of 49 references.
References · 28
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16 more
- 2021Learning to Walk in Minutes Using Massively Parallel Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 395
- 2022Learning robust perceptive locomotion for quadrupedal robots in the wildcited by 299
- 2017Emergence of Locomotion Behaviours in Rich Environmentscited by 159
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- 2021Tianshou: a Highly Modularized Deep Reinforcement Learning Librarycited by 139
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 2; 2025: 1.
4 papers.
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- 2024Training on the Fly: On-device Self-supervised Learning aboard Nano-drones within 20 mWcited by 4
- 2025ObjectRL: An Object-Oriented Reinforcement Learning Codebasecited by 0
- 2025ObjectRL: An Object-Oriented Reinforcement Learning Codebase4 Jul 2025
- 2024Training on the Fly: On-device Self-supervised Learning aboard Nano-drones within 20 mW6 Aug 2024
- 2024On-device Self-supervised Learning of Visual Perception Tasks aboard Hardware-limited Nano-quadrotors6 Mar 2024
- 2023Learning to Fly in Seconds22 Nov 2023