mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Take a Break in the Middle: Investigating Subgoals towards Hierarchical Script Generation

arXiv 2305.10907 ↗First posted 18 May 2023cs.CLcited by 7

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Abstract (arXiv)

Goal-oriented Script Generation is a new task of generating a list of steps that can fulfill the given goal. In this paper, we propose to extend the task from the perspective of cognitive theory. Instead of a simple flat structure, the steps are typically organized hierarchically - Human often decompose a complex task into subgoals, where each subgoal can be further decomposed into steps. To establish the benchmark, we contribute a new dataset, propose several baseline methods, and set up evaluation metrics. Both automatic and human evaluation verify the high-quality of dataset, as well as the effectiveness of incorporating subgoals into hierarchical script generation. Furthermore, We also design and evaluate the model to discover subgoal, and find that it is a bit more difficult to decompose the goals than summarizing from segmented steps.

Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 21 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 May 2023.

Builds on

21 of 35 references.

References · 21

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  7. 2018Hierarchical Neural Story Generationcited by 1,182
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9 more
  1. 2019Strategies for Structuring Story Generationcited by 124
  2. 2020Reasoning about Goals, Steps, and Temporal Ordering with WikiHowcited by 66
  3. 2022Robust (Controlled) Table-to-Text Generation with Structure-Aware Equivariance Learningcited by 32
  4. 2021Goal-Oriented Script Constructioncited by 30
  5. 2020Analogous Process Structure Induction for Sub-event Sequence Predictioncited by 26
  6. 2022Show Me More Details: Discovering Hierarchies of Procedures from Semi-structured Web Datacited by 22
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Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 1; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.

7 papers.

  1. 2023WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agentscited by 1,908
  2. 2025WebAgent-R1: Training Web Agents via End-to-End Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learningcited by 162
  3. 2025Toward Generalizable Evaluation in the LLM Era: A Survey Beyond Benchmarkscited by 26
  4. 2025Towards Quantifying Commonsense Reasoning with Mechanistic Insightscited by 4
  5. 2025Investigating Pedagogical Teacher and Student LLM Agents: Genetic Adaptation Meets Retrieval Augmented Generation Across Learning Stylecited by 4
  6. 2026Skill-as-Pseudocode: Refactoring Skill Libraries to Pseudocode for LLM Agentscited by 4
  7. 2024Towards Goal-oriented Prompt Engineering for Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 3