Learning to Retain while Acquiring: Combating Distribution-Shift in Adversarial Data-Free Knowledge Distillation
On the map: Knowledge distillation → General knowledge distillation methods
Abstract (arXiv)
Data-free Knowledge Distillation (DFKD) has gained popularity recently, with the fundamental idea of carrying out knowledge transfer from a Teacher neural network to a Student neural network in the absence of training data. However, in the Adversarial DFKD framework, the student network's accuracy, suffers due to the non-stationary distribution of the pseudo-samples under multiple generator updates. To this end, at every generator update, we aim to maintain the student's performance on previously encountered examples while acquiring knowledge from samples of the current distribution. Thus, we propose a meta-learning inspired framework by treating the task of Knowledge-Acquisition (learning from newly generated samples) and Knowledge-Retention (retaining knowledge on previously met samples) as meta-train and meta-test, respectively. Hence, we dub our method as Learning to Retain while Acquiring. Moreover, we identify an implicit aligning factor between the Knowledge-Retention and Knowledge-Acquisition tasks indicating that the proposed student update strategy enforces a common gradient direction for both tasks, alleviating interference between the two objectives. Finally, we support our hypothesis by exhibiting extensive evaluation and comparison of our method with prior arts on multiple datasets.
Key facts. Cited by 29 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in General knowledge distillation methods, one of 12 directions in Knowledge distillation. Builds on 33 of its 43 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Feb 2023.
Builds on
33 of 43 references.
Closest ancestors · 6
Same direction, newest first
- 2022Momentum Adversarial Distillation: Handling Large Distribution Shifts in Data-Free Knowledge Distillation21 Sep
- 2022Robust and Resource-Efficient Data-Free Knowledge Distillation by Generative Pseudo Replay9 Jan
- 2021Preventing Catastrophic Forgetting and Distribution Mismatch in Knowledge Distillation via Synthetic Data11 Aug
- 2021Contrastive Model Inversion for Data-Free Knowledge Distillation18 May
- 2021Undistillable: Making A Nasty Teacher That CANNOT teach students16 May
- 2021Dual Discriminator Adversarial Distillation for Data-free Model Compression12 Apr
Other references · 27
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- 2017Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning for Fast Adaptation of Deep Networkscited by 4,897
- 2016Wide Residual Networkscited by 3,070
- 2017Gradient Episodic Memory for Continual Learningcited by 1,898
- 2017Continual Learning with Deep Generative Replaycited by 1,158
- 2016Paying More Attention to Attention: Improving the Performance of Convolutional Neural Networks via Attention Transfercited by 1,077
- 2018On First-Order Meta-Learning Algorithmscited by 1,018
- 2019An Introduction to Variational Autoencoderscited by 1,000
- 2019Dreaming to Distill: Data-free Knowledge Transfer via DeepInversioncited by 423
- 2018Bilevel Programming for Hyperparameter Optimization and Meta-Learningcited by 405
- 2021Gradient Matching for Domain Generalizationcited by 258
- 2019Data-Free Learning of Student Networkscited by 204
15 more
- 2019Meta-Learning Representations for Continual Learningcited by 189
- 2017A Review on Bilevel Optimization: From Classical to Evolutionary Approaches and Applicationscited by 129
- 2019Zero-shot Knowledge Transfer via Adversarial Belief Matchingcited by 129
- 2020Data-Free Model Extractioncited by 124
- 2019Zero-Shot Knowledge Distillation in Deep Networkscited by 121
- 2019Data-Free Adversarial Distillationcited by 90
- 2020Data-Free Network Quantization With Adversarial Knowledge Distillationcited by 80
- 2017Continual Learning in Generative Adversarial Netscited by 51
- 2021Zero-shot Adversarial Quantizationcited by 44
- 2021Reproducibility Report: La-MAML: Look-ahead Meta Learning for Continual Learningcited by 42
- 2021Implicit Gradient Alignment in Distributed and Federated Learningcited by 29
- 2019DeGAN : Data-Enriching GAN for Retrieving Representative Samples from a Trained Classifiercited by 21
- 2020Effectiveness of Arbitrary Transfer Sets for Data-free Knowledge Distillationcited by 18
- 2021Safe Distillation Boxcited by 9
- 2022Distilling the Undistillable: Learning from a Nasty Teachercited by 4
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 5; 2024: 12; 2025: 8; 2026: 4.
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- 2025Simple yet Effective Semi-supervised Knowledge Distillation from Vision-Language Models via Dual-Head Optimization12 May 2025
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- 2023DFRD: Data-Free Robustness Distillation for Heterogeneous Federated Learning24 Sep 2023
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- 2023A Comprehensive Survey of Forgetting in Deep Learning Beyond Continual Learning16 Jul 2023
- 2023NAYER: Noisy Layer Data Generation for Efficient and Effective Data-free Knowledge Distillationcited by 22
- 2024Small Scale Data-Free Knowledge Distillationcited by 20
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- 2024Can Students Beyond The Teacher? Distilling Knowledge from Teacher's Biascited by 7
- 2024Teacher as a Lenient Expert: Teacher-Agnostic Data-Free Knowledge Distillationcited by 5
- 2024AuG-KD: Anchor-Based Mixup Generation for Out-of-Domain Knowledge Distillationcited by 5
- 2025When Data-Free Knowledge Distillation Meets Non-Transferable Teacher: Escaping Out-of-Distribution Trap is All You Needcited by 5
- 2024Large-Scale Data-Free Knowledge Distillation for ImageNet via Multi-Resolution Data Generationcited by 4
- 2024Robust Knowledge Distillation Based on Feature Variance Against Backdoored Teacher Modelcited by 2
- 2025CAE-DFKD: Bridging the Transferability Gap in Data-Free Knowledge Distillationcited by 2
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026IDeaL: Data-Free Multi-Teacher Distillation via Improved Dead Leaves25 Aug 2026
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- 2025When Data-Free Knowledge Distillation Meets Non-Transferable Teacher: Escaping Out-of-Distribution Trap is All You Need5 Jul 2025
- 2025CAE-DFKD: Bridging the Transferability Gap in Data-Free Knowledge Distillation30 Apr 2025
- 2025Adversarial Curriculum Graph-Free Knowledge Distillation for Graph Neural Networks1 Apr 2025
- 2024Can Students Beyond The Teacher? Distilling Knowledge from Teacher's Bias13 Dec 2024
- 2024Large-Scale Data-Free Knowledge Distillation for ImageNet via Multi-Resolution Data Generation26 Nov 2024
- 2024What Makes a Good Dataset for Knowledge Distillation?19 Nov 2024
- 2024Optimizing Vision Transformers with Data-Free Knowledge Transfer12 Aug 2024
- 2024Small Scale Data-Free Knowledge Distillation12 Jun 2024
- 2024Robust Knowledge Distillation Based on Feature Variance Against Backdoored Teacher Model1 Jun 2024
- 2024De-confounded Data-free Knowledge Distillation for Handling Distribution Shifts28 Mar 2024
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)
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- 2024Adversarial Training: A Surveycited by 6
- 2023Task-Distributionally Robust Data-Free Meta-Learningcited by 4
- 2025Sparse Model Inversion: Efficient Inversion of Vision Transformers for Data-Free Applicationscited by 4
- 2025Coeff-Tuning: A Graph Filter Subspace View for Tuning Attention-Based Large Modelscited by 2
- 2025InvCoSS: Inversion-driven Continual Self-supervised Learning in Medical Multi-modal Image Pre-trainingcited by 1
- 2026Provable Sparse Inversion and Token Relabel Enhanced One-shot Federated Learning with ViTscited by 0
- 2026Labeled-Data-Free Meta-Learning: Efficient Task Generation Using Pre-trained Models and Unlabeled Datacited by 0
- 2026Labeled-Data-Free Meta-Learning: Efficient Task Generation Using Pre-trained Models and Unlabeled Data3 Jul 2026
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- 2025InvCoSS: Inversion-driven Continual Self-supervised Learning in Medical Multi-modal Image Pre-training22 Dec 2025
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- 2025Coeff-Tuning: A Graph Filter Subspace View for Tuning Attention-Based Large Models24 Mar 2025
- 2024Towards Effective Data-Free Knowledge Distillation via Diverse Diffusion Augmentation23 Oct 2024
- 2024Adversarial Training: A Survey19 Oct 2024
- 2023Task-Distributionally Robust Data-Free Meta-Learning23 Nov 2023
- 2023DFRD: Data-Free Robustness Distillation for Heterogeneous Federated Learning24 Sep 2023
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