mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Learning to Forecast Aleatoric and Epistemic Uncertainties over Long Horizon Trajectories

arXiv 2302.08669 ↗First posted 17 Feb 2023cs.LG cs.AI cs.ROcited by 6

On the map: World models → World models for language agents

Abstract (arXiv)

Giving autonomous agents the ability to forecast their own outcomes and uncertainty will allow them to communicate their competencies and be used more safely. We accomplish this by using a learned world model of the agent system to forecast full agent trajectories over long time horizons. Real world systems involve significant sources of both aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty that compound and interact over time in the trajectory forecasts. We develop a deep generative world model that quantifies aleatoric uncertainty while incorporating the effects of epistemic uncertainty during the learning process. We show on two reinforcement learning problems that our uncertainty model produces calibrated outcome uncertainty estimates over the full trajectory horizon.

Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in World models for language agents, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 26 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Feb 2023.

Builds on

26 of 39 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022Competency Assessment for Autonomous Agents using Deep Generative Models23 Mar

Other references · 25

  1. 2013Auto-Encoding Variational Bayescited by 3,980
  2. 2016Simple and Scalable Predictive Uncertainty Estimation using Deep Ensemblescited by 3,888
  3. 2017What Uncertainties Do We Need in Bayesian Deep Learning for Computer Vision?cited by 2,335
  4. 2016OpenAI Gymcited by 1,684
  5. 2018World Modelscited by 1,444
  6. 2017A Survey on Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysiscited by 1,182
  7. 2018Deep Reinforcement Learning in a Handful of Trials using Probabilistic Dynamics Modelscited by 748
  8. 2019A Survey of Deep Learning Techniques for Autonomous Drivingcited by 401
  9. 2020Posterior Network: Uncertainty Estimation without OOD Samples via Density-Based Pseudo-Countscited by 163
  10. 2013Risk-sensitive Reinforcement Learningcited by 129
  11. 2021Uncertainty Weighted Actor-Critic for Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 125
  12. 2021Epistemic Neural Networkscited by 120
13 more
  1. 2021DEUP: Direct Epistemic Uncertainty Predictioncited by 102
  2. 2019A Survey of Deep Learning Applications to Autonomous Vehicle Controlcited by 101
  3. 2019Estimating Risk and Uncertainty in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 68
  4. 2017Deep Learning in Robotics: A Review of Recent Researchcited by 42
  5. 2021Risk-Averse Bayes-Adaptive Reinforcement Learningcited by 28
  6. 2017"Dave...I can assure you...that it's going to be all right..." -- A definition, case for, and survey of algorithmic assurances in human-autonomy trust relationshipscited by 22
  7. 2019Learning Dynamics Model in Reinforcement Learning by Incorporating the Long Term Futurecited by 17
  8. 2019Epistemic Risk-Sensitive Reinforcement Learningcited by 17
  9. 2021Propagating State Uncertainty Through Trajectory Forecastingcited by 17
  10. 2019Uncertainty-Based Out-of-Distribution Detection in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 15
  11. 2022Evaluating Aleatoric Uncertainty via Conditional Generative Modelscited by 8
  12. 2016A Survey of Deep Network Solutions for Learning Control in Robotics: From Reinforcement to Imitationcited by 6
  13. 2022Uncertainty Quantification for Competency Assessment of Autonomous Agentscited by 2

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 2; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.

6 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Agent-BRACE: Decoupling Beliefs from Actions in Long-Horizon Tasks via Verbalized State Uncertainty
  2. 2026Internalizing the Future: A Unified Agentic Training Paradigm for World Model Planning
  3. 2026Revisiting Numerical Forecasting Models for Language-Based Trajectory Prediction
  4. 2026Biased Dreams: Limitations to Epistemic Uncertainty Quantification in Latent Dynamics Models
  5. 2026Beyond Prediction: Steering VLM Agents with Retrospective World Modeling
  6. 2026Agentic Uncertainty Quantification
  7. 2025Harnessing Uncertainty: Entropy-Modulated Policy Gradients for Long-Horizon LLM Agents
  8. 2026Modeling Latent Disturbances for Robust Decision-Making in World Models