mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Policy Adaptation from Foundation Model Feedback

arXiv 2212.07398 ↗First posted 14 Dec 2022cs.LG cs.AI cs.CVcited by 10

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Embodied and 3D vision-language models

Abstract (arXiv)

Recent progress on vision-language foundation models have brought significant advancement to building general-purpose robots. By using the pre-trained models to encode the scene and instructions as inputs for decision making, the instruction-conditioned policy can generalize across different objects and tasks. While this is encouraging, the policy still fails in most cases given an unseen task or environment. In this work, we propose Policy Adaptation from Foundation model Feedback (PAFF). When deploying the trained policy to a new task or a new environment, we first let the policy play with randomly generated instructions to record the demonstrations. While the execution could be wrong, we can use the pre-trained foundation models to provide feedback to relabel the demonstrations. This automatically provides new pairs of demonstration-instruction data for policy fine-tuning. We evaluate our method on a broad range of experiments with the focus on generalization on unseen objects, unseen tasks, unseen environments, and sim-to-real transfer. We show PAFF improves baselines by a large margin in all cases. Our project page is available at https://geyuying.github.io/PAFF/

Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Embodied and 3D vision-language models, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 65 of its 72 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 14 Dec 2022.

Builds on

65 of 72 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022Robotic Skill Acquisition via Instruction Augmentation with Vision-Language Models21 Nov

Other references · 64

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38 more
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 3; 2024: 2; 2025: 3; 2026: 2.

10 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2023Foundation Models in Robotics: Applications, Challenges, and the Future
  2. 2024Towards Interpretable Foundation Models of Robot Behavior: A Task Specific Policy Generation Approach
  3. 2024Policy Adaptation via Language Optimization: Decomposing Tasks for Few-Shot Imitation
  4. 2025Foundation Model Driven Robotics: A Comprehensive Review
  5. 2026The Embodiment Gap in Robot Foundation Models
  6. 2026Foundation and Small Models Coordination for Visuomotor Policy Learning ↗
  7. 2026In-Context Robot Learning with VLM Agents
  8. 2026Foundation Models in Robotics: A Comprehensive Review of Methods, Models, Datasets, Challenges and Future Research Directions