TF-GridNet: Making Time-Frequency Domain Models Great Again for Monaural Speaker Separation
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Abstract (arXiv)
We propose TF-GridNet, a novel multi-path deep neural network (DNN) operating in the time-frequency (T-F) domain, for monaural talker-independent speaker separation in anechoic conditions. The model stacks several multi-path blocks, each consisting of an intra-frame spectral module, a sub-band temporal module, and a full-band self-attention module, to leverage local and global spectro-temporal information for separation. The model is trained to perform complex spectral mapping, where the real and imaginary (RI) components of the input mixture are stacked as input features to predict target RI components. Besides using the scale-invariant signal-to-distortion ratio (SI-SDR) loss for model training, we include a novel loss term to encourage separated sources to add up to the input mixture. Without using dynamic mixing, we obtain 23.4 dB SI-SDR improvement (SI-SDRi) on the WSJ0-2mix dataset, outperforming the previous best by a large margin.
Key facts. Cited by 48 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 8 Sep 2022.
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 3; 2023: 9; 2024: 10; 2025: 22; 2026: 4.
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- 2023AudioGPT: Understanding and Generating Speech, Music, Sound, and Talking Headcited by 264
- 2024State Space Model for New-Generation Network Alternative to Transformers: A Surveycited by 59
- 2022Diffusion-based Generative Speech Source Separationcited by 41
- 2024A Survey of Mambacited by 39
- 2025SepPrune: Structured Pruning for Efficient Deep Speech Separationcited by 31
- 2024Annealed Multiple Choice Learning: Overcoming limitations of Winner-takes-all with annealingcited by 12
- 2023High-Quality Visually-Guided Sound Separation from Diverse Categoriescited by 11
- 2024Look Once to Hear: Target Speech Hearing with Noisy Examplescited by 11
- 2024TIGER: Time-frequency Interleaved Gain Extraction and Reconstruction for Efficient Speech Separationcited by 10
- 2024OmniSep: Unified Omni-Modality Sound Separation with Query-Mixupcited by 8
- 2023A Neural State-Space Model Approach to Efficient Speech Separationcited by 6
- 2022Speech separation with large-scale self-supervised learningcited by 5
36 more
- 2023Multi-Microphone Speaker Separation by Spatial Regionscited by 4
- 2023AudioSlots: A slot-centric generative model for audio separationcited by 4
- 2025A Study of the Scale Invariant Signal to Distortion Ratio in Speech Separation with Noisy Referencescited by 4
- 2025Unifying Diarization, Separation, and ASR with Multi-Speaker Encodercited by 4
- 2022MedleyVox: An Evaluation Dataset for Multiple Singing Voices Separationcited by 3
- 2023On Time Domain Conformer Models for Monaural Speech Separation in Noisy Reverberant Acoustic Environmentscited by 3
- 2025A Survey of Deep Learning for Complex Speech Spectrogramscited by 3
- 2025EDNet: A Versatile Speech Enhancement Framework with Gating Mamba Mechanism and Phase Shift-Invariant Trainingcited by 3
- 2025SenSE: Semantic-Aware High-Fidelity Universal Speech Enhancementcited by 3
- 2023RTFS-Net: Recurrent Time-Frequency Modelling for Efficient Audio-Visual Speech Separationcited by 2
- 2024CleanUMamba: A Compact Mamba Network for Speech Denoising using Channel Pruningcited by 2
- 2025Contextual Speech Extraction: Leveraging Textual History as an Implicit Cue for Target Speech Extractioncited by 2
- 2025Plug-and-Play Co-Occurring Face Attention for Robust Audio-Visual Speaker Extractioncited by 2
- 2025Knowing When to Quit: Probabilistic Early Exits for Speech Separationcited by 2
- 2025Neural Speech Extraction with Human Feedbackcited by 2
- 2025High-Quality Sound Separation Across Diverse Categories via Visually-Guided Generative Modelingcited by 2
- 2023Combining TF-GridNet and Mixture Encoder for Continuous Speech Separation for Meeting Transcriptioncited by 1
- 2024SPMamba: State-space model is all you need in speech separationcited by 1
- 2024Speech Boosting: Low-Latency Live Speech Enhancement for TWS Earbudscited by 1
- 2025Target Speaker Extraction through Comparing Noisy Positive and Negative Audio Enrollmentscited by 1
- 2025Unleashing the Power of Natural Audio Featuring Multiple Sound Sourcescited by 1
- 2025Miipher-2: A Universal Speech Restoration Model for Million-Hour Scale Data Restorationcited by 1
- 2025Time-Frequency-Based Attention Cache Memory Model for Real-Time Speech Separationcited by 1
- 2025TF-MLPNet: Tiny Real-Time Neural Speech Separationcited by 1
- 2025Error Analysis in a Modular Meeting Transcription Systemcited by 1
- 2025Proactive Hearing Assistants that Isolate Egocentric Conversationscited by 1
- 2025MamTiff-CAD: Multi-Scale Latent Diffusion with Mamba+ for Complex Parametric Sequencecited by 1
- 2026Omni-directional attention mechanism based on Mamba for speech separationcited by 1
- 2023Complete and separate: Conditional separation with missing target source attribute completioncited by 0
- 2024Improving Real-Time Music Accompaniment Separation with MMDenseNetcited by 0
- 2025Causal Self-supervised Pretrained Frontend with Predictive Code for Speech Separationcited by 0
- 2025LSZone: A Lightweight Spatial Information Modeling Architecture for Real-time In-car Multi-zone Speech Separationcited by 0
- 2025Is Phase Really Needed for Weakly-Supervised Dereverberation ?cited by 0
- 2026The Costs of Reproducibility in Music Separation Research: a Replication of Band-Split RNNcited by 0
- 2026TF-MoE: Time-Frequency Mixture-of-Experts for Efficient Speech Separationcited by 0
- 2026DriftSE: Speech Enhancement with Generative Driftingcited by 0
- 2026DriftSE: Speech Enhancement with Generative Drifting10 Sep 2026
- 2026TF-MoE: Time-Frequency Mixture-of-Experts for Efficient Speech Separation28 Jun 2026
- 2026The Costs of Reproducibility in Music Separation Research: a Replication of Band-Split RNN10 Mar 2026
- 2026Omni-directional attention mechanism based on Mamba for speech separation23 Jan 2026
- 2025MamTiff-CAD: Multi-Scale Latent Diffusion with Mamba+ for Complex Parametric Sequence20 Nov 2025
- 2025Is Phase Really Needed for Weakly-Supervised Dereverberation ?20 Nov 2025
- 2025Proactive Hearing Assistants that Isolate Egocentric Conversations14 Nov 2025
- 2025LSZone: A Lightweight Spatial Information Modeling Architecture for Real-time In-car Multi-zone Speech Separation12 Oct 2025
- 2025SenSE: Semantic-Aware High-Fidelity Universal Speech Enhancement29 Sep 2025
- 2025High-Quality Sound Separation Across Diverse Categories via Visually-Guided Generative Modeling26 Sep 2025
- 2025Error Analysis in a Modular Meeting Transcription System12 Sep 2025
- 2025Unifying Diarization, Separation, and ASR with Multi-Speaker Encoder28 Aug 2025
36 more
- 2025A Study of the Scale Invariant Signal to Distortion Ratio in Speech Separation with Noisy References20 Aug 2025
- 2025TF-MLPNet: Tiny Real-Time Neural Speech Separation5 Aug 2025
- 2025Neural Speech Extraction with Human Feedback5 Aug 2025
- 2025Knowing When to Quit: Probabilistic Early Exits for Speech Separation13 Jul 2025
- 2025EDNet: A Versatile Speech Enhancement Framework with Gating Mamba Mechanism and Phase Shift-Invariant Training19 Jun 2025
- 2025Plug-and-Play Co-Occurring Face Attention for Robust Audio-Visual Speaker Extraction27 May 2025
- 2025Time-Frequency-Based Attention Cache Memory Model for Real-Time Speech Separation19 May 2025
- 2025SepPrune: Structured Pruning for Efficient Deep Speech Separation17 May 2025
- 2025A Survey of Deep Learning for Complex Speech Spectrograms13 May 2025
- 2025Miipher-2: A Universal Speech Restoration Model for Million-Hour Scale Data Restoration7 May 2025
- 2025Unleashing the Power of Natural Audio Featuring Multiple Sound Sources24 Apr 2025
- 2025Causal Self-supervised Pretrained Frontend with Predictive Code for Speech Separation3 Apr 2025
- 2025Contextual Speech Extraction: Leveraging Textual History as an Implicit Cue for Target Speech Extraction11 Mar 2025
- 2025Target Speaker Extraction through Comparing Noisy Positive and Negative Audio Enrollments23 Feb 2025
- 2024OmniSep: Unified Omni-Modality Sound Separation with Query-Mixup28 Oct 2024
- 2024CleanUMamba: A Compact Mamba Network for Speech Denoising using Channel Pruning14 Oct 2024
- 2024TIGER: Time-frequency Interleaved Gain Extraction and Reconstruction for Efficient Speech Separation2 Oct 2024
- 2024Speech Boosting: Low-Latency Live Speech Enhancement for TWS Earbuds27 Sep 2024
- 2024A Survey of Mamba2 Aug 2024
- 2024Annealed Multiple Choice Learning: Overcoming limitations of Winner-takes-all with annealing22 Jul 2024
- 2024Improving Real-Time Music Accompaniment Separation with MMDenseNet30 Jun 2024
- 2024Look Once to Hear: Target Speech Hearing with Noisy Examples10 May 2024
- 2024State Space Model for New-Generation Network Alternative to Transformers: A Survey15 Apr 2024
- 2024SPMamba: State-space model is all you need in speech separation2 Apr 2024
- 2023On Time Domain Conformer Models for Monaural Speech Separation in Noisy Reverberant Acoustic Environments9 Oct 2023
- 2023RTFS-Net: Recurrent Time-Frequency Modelling for Efficient Audio-Visual Speech Separation29 Sep 2023
- 2023Combining TF-GridNet and Mixture Encoder for Continuous Speech Separation for Meeting Transcription15 Sep 2023
- 2023High-Quality Visually-Guided Sound Separation from Diverse Categories31 Jul 2023
- 2023Complete and separate: Conditional separation with missing target source attribute completion27 Jul 2023
- 2023A Neural State-Space Model Approach to Efficient Speech Separation26 May 2023
- 2023AudioSlots: A slot-centric generative model for audio separation9 May 2023
- 2023AudioGPT: Understanding and Generating Speech, Music, Sound, and Talking Head25 Apr 2023
- 2023Multi-Microphone Speaker Separation by Spatial Regions13 Mar 2023
- 2022MedleyVox: An Evaluation Dataset for Multiple Singing Voices Separation14 Nov 2022
- 2022Speech separation with large-scale self-supervised learning9 Nov 2022
- 2022Diffusion-based Generative Speech Source Separation31 Oct 2022
- 2024A Survey of Mambacited by 39
- 2025EDNet: A Versatile Speech Enhancement Framework with Gating Mamba Mechanism and Phase Shift-Invariant Trainingcited by 3
- 2024CleanUMamba: A Compact Mamba Network for Speech Denoising using Channel Pruningcited by 2
- 2024SPMamba: State-space model is all you need in speech separationcited by 1
- 2026Omni-directional attention mechanism based on Mamba for speech separationcited by 1
- 2026Omni-directional attention mechanism based on Mamba for speech separation23 Jan 2026
- 2025EDNet: A Versatile Speech Enhancement Framework with Gating Mamba Mechanism and Phase Shift-Invariant Training19 Jun 2025
- 2024CleanUMamba: A Compact Mamba Network for Speech Denoising using Channel Pruning14 Oct 2024
- 2024A Survey of Mamba2 Aug 2024
- 2024SPMamba: State-space model is all you need in speech separation2 Apr 2024
- 2022Diffusion-based Generative Speech Source Separationcited by 41
- 2025SenSE: Semantic-Aware High-Fidelity Universal Speech Enhancementcited by 3
- 2025High-Quality Sound Separation Across Diverse Categories via Visually-Guided Generative Modelingcited by 2
- 2025MamTiff-CAD: Multi-Scale Latent Diffusion with Mamba+ for Complex Parametric Sequencecited by 1
- 2025MamTiff-CAD: Multi-Scale Latent Diffusion with Mamba+ for Complex Parametric Sequence20 Nov 2025
- 2025SenSE: Semantic-Aware High-Fidelity Universal Speech Enhancement29 Sep 2025
- 2025High-Quality Sound Separation Across Diverse Categories via Visually-Guided Generative Modeling26 Sep 2025
- 2022Diffusion-based Generative Speech Source Separation31 Oct 2022
- 2023AudioGPT: Understanding and Generating Speech, Music, Sound, and Talking Headcited by 264
- 2024State Space Model for New-Generation Network Alternative to Transformers: A Surveycited by 59
- 2025SepPrune: Structured Pruning for Efficient Deep Speech Separationcited by 31
- 2024Annealed Multiple Choice Learning: Overcoming limitations of Winner-takes-all with annealingcited by 12
- 2023High-Quality Visually-Guided Sound Separation from Diverse Categoriescited by 11
- 2024Look Once to Hear: Target Speech Hearing with Noisy Examplescited by 11
- 2024TIGER: Time-frequency Interleaved Gain Extraction and Reconstruction for Efficient Speech Separationcited by 10
- 2024OmniSep: Unified Omni-Modality Sound Separation with Query-Mixupcited by 8
- 2023A Neural State-Space Model Approach to Efficient Speech Separationcited by 6
- 2022Speech separation with large-scale self-supervised learningcited by 5
- 2023Multi-Microphone Speaker Separation by Spatial Regionscited by 4
- 2023AudioSlots: A slot-centric generative model for audio separationcited by 4
12 most cited of 37 All 37 (JSON)
- 2026DriftSE: Speech Enhancement with Generative Drifting10 Sep 2026
- 2026The Costs of Reproducibility in Music Separation Research: a Replication of Band-Split RNN10 Mar 2026
- 2025Is Phase Really Needed for Weakly-Supervised Dereverberation ?20 Nov 2025
- 2025Proactive Hearing Assistants that Isolate Egocentric Conversations14 Nov 2025
- 2025LSZone: A Lightweight Spatial Information Modeling Architecture for Real-time In-car Multi-zone Speech Separation12 Oct 2025
- 2025Error Analysis in a Modular Meeting Transcription System12 Sep 2025
- 2025Unifying Diarization, Separation, and ASR with Multi-Speaker Encoder28 Aug 2025
- 2025A Study of the Scale Invariant Signal to Distortion Ratio in Speech Separation with Noisy References20 Aug 2025
- 2025TF-MLPNet: Tiny Real-Time Neural Speech Separation5 Aug 2025
- 2025Neural Speech Extraction with Human Feedback5 Aug 2025
- 2025Plug-and-Play Co-Occurring Face Attention for Robust Audio-Visual Speaker Extraction27 May 2025
- 2025Time-Frequency-Based Attention Cache Memory Model for Real-Time Speech Separation19 May 2025
12 newest of 37 All 37 (JSON)