BCRLSP: An Offline Reinforcement Learning Framework for Sequential Targeted Promotion
On the map: Offline RL and imitation learning from data → Decision transformers and sequence modeling
Abstract (arXiv)
We utilize an offline reinforcement learning (RL) model for sequential targeted promotion in the presence of budget constraints in a real-world business environment. In our application, the mobile app aims to boost customer retention by sending cash bonuses to customers and control the costs of such cash bonuses during each time period. To achieve the multi-task goal, we propose the Budget Constrained Reinforcement Learning for Sequential Promotion (BCRLSP) framework to determine the value of cash bonuses to be sent to users. We first find out the target policy and the associated Q-values that maximizes the user retention rate using an RL model. A linear programming (LP) model is then added to satisfy the constraints of promotion costs. We solve the LP problem by maximizing the Q-values of actions learned from the RL model given the budget constraints. During deployment, we combine the offline RL model with the LP model to generate a robust policy under the budget constraints. Using both online and offline experiments, we demonstrate the efficacy of our approach by showing that BCRLSP achieves a higher long-term customer retention rate and a lower cost than various baselines. Taking advantage of the near real-time cost control method, the proposed framework can easily adapt to data with a noisy behavioral policy and/or meet flexible budget constraints.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Decision transformers and sequence modeling, one of 13 directions in Offline RL and imitation learning from data. Builds on 21 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Jul 2022.
Builds on
21 of 34 references.
References · 21
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- 2016Asynchronous Methods for Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 2,218
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9 more
- 2018Deep Reinforcement Learning for Page-wise Recommendationscited by 99
- 2017Real-Time Bidding by Reinforcement Learning in Display Advertisingcited by 90
- 2016Learning values across many orders of magnitudecited by 80
- 2018Recommendations with Negative Feedback via Pairwise Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 71
- 2018Real-Time Bidding with Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Display Advertisingcited by 65
- 2018Budget Constrained Bidding by Model-free Reinforcement Learning in Display Advertisingcited by 60
- 2019Reinforcement Learning with Convex Constraintscited by 57
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- 2018Reinforcement Learning to Rank in E-Commerce Search Engine: Formalization, Analysis, and Applicationcited by 33
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 0; 2025: 0; 2026: 2.
3 papers.
- 2023RL-MPCA: A Reinforcement Learning Based Multi-Phase Computation Allocation Approach for Recommender Systemscited by 3
- 2026Generative Optimization for Incentivized Advertising with Global Level Constraintscited by 0
- 2026Learning to Allocate Incentives for Incentivized Advertising via Offline Model-Based Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026Learning to Allocate Incentives for Incentivized Advertising via Offline Model-Based Reinforcement Learning28 Aug 2026
- 2026Generative Optimization for Incentivized Advertising with Global Level Constraints5 Aug 2026
- 2023RL-MPCA: A Reinforcement Learning Based Multi-Phase Computation Allocation Approach for Recommender Systems27 Dec 2023
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- 2024A Tale of Two Cities: Pessimism and Opportunism in Offline Dynamic Pricing
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- 2021Offline-Online Reinforcement Learning for Energy Pricing in Office Demand Response: Lowering Energy and Data Costs
- 2022Benchmarking Offline Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for E-Commerce Order Fraud Evaluation
- 2026Choice-Model-Assisted Q-learning for Delayed-Feedback Revenue Management