PD-Flow: A Point Cloud Denoising Framework with Normalizing Flows
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Abstract (arXiv)
Point cloud denoising aims to restore clean point clouds from raw observations corrupted by noise and outliers while preserving the fine-grained details. We present a novel deep learning-based denoising model, that incorporates normalizing flows and noise disentanglement techniques to achieve high denoising accuracy. Unlike existing works that extract features of point clouds for point-wise correction, we formulate the denoising process from the perspective of distribution learning and feature disentanglement. By considering noisy point clouds as a joint distribution of clean points and noise, the denoised results can be derived from disentangling the noise counterpart from latent point representation, and the mapping between Euclidean and latent spaces is modeled by normalizing flows. We evaluate our method on synthesized 3D models and real-world datasets with various noise settings. Qualitative and quantitative results show that our method outperforms previous state-of-the-art deep learning-based approaches.
Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 32 of its 58 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Mar 2022.
Builds on
32 of 58 references.
References · 32
- 2016PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentationcited by 5,223
- 2018Neural Ordinary Differential Equationscited by 3,733
- 2016Perceptual Losses for Real-Time Style Transfer and Super-Resolutioncited by 2,678
- 2018Dynamic Graph CNN for Learning on Point Cloudscited by 2,220
- 2016Density estimation using Real NVPcited by 2,029
- 2018Glow: Generative Flow with Invertible 1x1 Convolutionscited by 1,539
- 2014NICE: Non-linear Independent Components Estimationcited by 1,052
- 2018FFJORD: Free-form Continuous Dynamics for Scalable Reversible Generative Modelscited by 584
- 2019PointFlow: 3D Point Cloud Generation with Continuous Normalizing Flowscited by 487
- 2020StyleFlow: Attribute-conditioned Exploration of StyleGAN-Generated Images using Conditional Continuous Normalizing Flowscited by 348
- 2018WaveGlow: A Flow-based Generative Network for Speech Synthesiscited by 308
- 2020SRFlow: Learning the Super-Resolution Space with Normalizing Flowcited by 209
20 more
- 2018PU-Net: Point Cloud Upsampling Networkcited by 208
- 2019PU-GAN: a Point Cloud Upsampling Adversarial Networkcited by 162
- 2019PointCleanNet: Learning to Denoise and Remove Outliers from Dense Point Cloudscited by 99
- 2017PCPNET: Learning Local Shape Properties from Raw Point Cloudscited by 97
- 2020Discrete Point Flow Networks for Efficient Point Cloud Generationcited by 87
- 2021A comprehensive survey on point cloud registrationcited by 84
- 2021Score-Based Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 83
- 2019Total Denoising: Unsupervised Learning of 3D Point Cloud Cleaningcited by 58
- 2020Differentiable Manifold Reconstruction for Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 52
- 2019C-Flow: Conditional Generative Flow Models for Images and 3D Point Cloudscited by 50
- 2020Pointfilter: Point Cloud Filtering via Encoder-Decoder Modelingcited by 50
- 20183D Point Cloud Denoising using Graph Laplacian Regularization of a Low Dimensional Manifold Modelcited by 47
- 2020Learning Graph-Convolutional Representations for Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 40
- 2020VFlow: More Expressive Generative Flows with Variational Data Augmentationcited by 38
- 2019Feature Graph Learning for 3D Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 28
- 2021Paris-CARLA-3D: A Real and Synthetic Outdoor Point Cloud Dataset for Challenging Tasks in 3D Mappingcited by 25
- 20193D Point Cloud Denoising via Deep Neural Network based Local Surface Estimationcited by 20
- 2021Go with the Flows: Mixtures of Normalizing Flows for Point Cloud Generation and Reconstructioncited by 16
- 2015Graph-based denoising for time-varying point cloudscited by 11
- 2021Disentangling Noise from Images: A Flow-Based Image Denoising Neural Networkcited by 7
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 1; 2024: 6; 2025: 6; 2026: 4.
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- 2023IterativePFN: True Iterative Point Cloud Filteringcited by 28
- 2024P2P-Bridge: Diffusion Bridges for 3D Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 18
- 2024StraightPCF: Straight Point Cloud Filteringcited by 10
- 2022Dynamic Point Cloud Denoising via Gradient Fieldscited by 4
- 2024Deep Learning for 3D Point Cloud Enhancement: A Surveycited by 4
- 2024Joint Point Cloud Upsampling and Cleaning with Octree-based CNNscited by 3
- 2025Learning Normals of Noisy Points by Local Gradient-Aware Surface Filteringcited by 2
- 2026GGPT: Geometry Grounded Point Transformercited by 2
- 2024A Radiometric Correction based Optical Modeling Approach to Removing Reflection Noise in TLS Point Clouds of Urban Scenescited by 1
- 2025Hybrid Long and Short Range Flows for Point Cloud Filteringcited by 1
- 2025Adaptive and Iterative Point Cloud Denoising with Score-Based Diffusion Modelcited by 1
- 2022Incomplete Gamma Kernels: Generalizing Locally Optimal Projection Operatorscited by 0
7 more
- 2024E3-Net: Efficient E(3)-Equivariant Normal Estimation Networkcited by 0
- 2025Deep Learning For Point Cloud Denoising: A Surveycited by 0
- 2025A Survey of Deep Learning-based Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 0
- 2025Adaptive Dual-Weighted Gravitational Point Cloud Denoising Methodcited by 0
- 2026UGD: An Unsupervised Geometric Distance for Evaluating Real-world Noisy Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 0
- 2026SIMPC: Learning Self-Induced Mirror-Point Consistency for Unsupervised Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 0
- 2026RODR: Riemannian Orthogonally Decoupled Regularization for Disentangled Manifold Representationcited by 0
- 2026RODR: Riemannian Orthogonally Decoupled Regularization for Disentangled Manifold Representation27 Jul 2026
- 2026SIMPC: Learning Self-Induced Mirror-Point Consistency for Unsupervised Point Cloud Denoising26 May 2026
- 2026UGD: An Unsupervised Geometric Distance for Evaluating Real-world Noisy Point Cloud Denoising18 Apr 2026
- 2026GGPT: Geometry Grounded Point Transformer11 Mar 2026
- 2025Adaptive Dual-Weighted Gravitational Point Cloud Denoising Method11 Dec 2025
- 2025Adaptive and Iterative Point Cloud Denoising with Score-Based Diffusion Model18 Sep 2025
- 2025A Survey of Deep Learning-based Point Cloud Denoising23 Aug 2025
- 2025Deep Learning For Point Cloud Denoising: A Survey16 Aug 2025
- 2025Hybrid Long and Short Range Flows for Point Cloud Filtering12 Aug 2025
- 2025Learning Normals of Noisy Points by Local Gradient-Aware Surface Filtering4 Jul 2025
- 2024Deep Learning for 3D Point Cloud Enhancement: A Survey30 Oct 2024
- 2024Joint Point Cloud Upsampling and Cleaning with Octree-based CNNs22 Oct 2024
7 more
- 2024P2P-Bridge: Diffusion Bridges for 3D Point Cloud Denoising29 Aug 2024
- 2024A Radiometric Correction based Optical Modeling Approach to Removing Reflection Noise in TLS Point Clouds of Urban Scenes3 Jul 2024
- 2024E3-Net: Efficient E(3)-Equivariant Normal Estimation Network1 Jun 2024
- 2024StraightPCF: Straight Point Cloud Filtering14 May 2024
- 2023IterativePFN: True Iterative Point Cloud Filtering4 Apr 2023
- 2022Incomplete Gamma Kernels: Generalizing Locally Optimal Projection Operators2 May 2022
- 2022Dynamic Point Cloud Denoising via Gradient Fields19 Apr 2022
- 2023IterativePFN: True Iterative Point Cloud Filteringcited by 28
- 2024P2P-Bridge: Diffusion Bridges for 3D Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 18
- 2024StraightPCF: Straight Point Cloud Filteringcited by 10
- 2022Dynamic Point Cloud Denoising via Gradient Fieldscited by 4
- 2024Deep Learning for 3D Point Cloud Enhancement: A Surveycited by 4
- 2024Joint Point Cloud Upsampling and Cleaning with Octree-based CNNscited by 3
- 2025Learning Normals of Noisy Points by Local Gradient-Aware Surface Filteringcited by 2
- 2026GGPT: Geometry Grounded Point Transformercited by 2
- 2024A Radiometric Correction based Optical Modeling Approach to Removing Reflection Noise in TLS Point Clouds of Urban Scenescited by 1
- 2025Hybrid Long and Short Range Flows for Point Cloud Filteringcited by 1
- 2022Incomplete Gamma Kernels: Generalizing Locally Optimal Projection Operatorscited by 0
- 2024E3-Net: Efficient E(3)-Equivariant Normal Estimation Networkcited by 0
12 most cited of 18 All 18 (JSON)
- 2026RODR: Riemannian Orthogonally Decoupled Regularization for Disentangled Manifold Representation27 Jul 2026
- 2026SIMPC: Learning Self-Induced Mirror-Point Consistency for Unsupervised Point Cloud Denoising26 May 2026
- 2026UGD: An Unsupervised Geometric Distance for Evaluating Real-world Noisy Point Cloud Denoising18 Apr 2026
- 2026GGPT: Geometry Grounded Point Transformer11 Mar 2026
- 2025Adaptive Dual-Weighted Gravitational Point Cloud Denoising Method11 Dec 2025
- 2025A Survey of Deep Learning-based Point Cloud Denoising23 Aug 2025
- 2025Deep Learning For Point Cloud Denoising: A Survey16 Aug 2025
- 2025Hybrid Long and Short Range Flows for Point Cloud Filtering12 Aug 2025
- 2025Learning Normals of Noisy Points by Local Gradient-Aware Surface Filtering4 Jul 2025
- 2024Deep Learning for 3D Point Cloud Enhancement: A Survey30 Oct 2024
- 2024Joint Point Cloud Upsampling and Cleaning with Octree-based CNNs22 Oct 2024
- 2024P2P-Bridge: Diffusion Bridges for 3D Point Cloud Denoising29 Aug 2024
12 newest of 18 All 18 (JSON)