A Brain-Inspired Low-Dimensional Computing Classifier for Inference on Tiny Devices
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
By mimicking brain-like cognition and exploiting parallelism, hyperdimensional computing (HDC) classifiers have been emerging as a lightweight framework to achieve efficient on-device inference. Nonetheless, they have two fundamental drawbacks, heuristic training process and ultra-high dimension, which result in sub-optimal inference accuracy and large model sizes beyond the capability of tiny devices with stringent resource constraints. In this paper, we address these fundamental drawbacks and propose a low-dimensional computing (LDC) alternative. Specifically, by mapping our LDC classifier into an equivalent neural network, we optimize our model using a principled training approach. Most importantly, we can improve the inference accuracy while successfully reducing the ultra-high dimension of existing HDC models by orders of magnitude (e.g., 8000 vs. 4/64). We run experiments to evaluate our LDC classifier by considering different datasets for inference on tiny devices, and also implement different models on an FPGA platform for acceleration. The results highlight that our LDC classifier offers an overwhelming advantage over the existing brain-inspired HDC models and is particularly suitable for inference on tiny devices.
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 19 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Mar 2022.
Builds on
19 of 41 references.
References · 19
- 2017Fashion-MNIST: a Novel Image Dataset for Benchmarking Machine Learning Algorithmscited by 4,349
- 2015Deep Compression: Compressing Deep Neural Networks with Pruning, Trained Quantization and Huffman Codingcited by 2,329
- 2016XNOR-Net: ImageNet Classification Using Binary Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 849
- 2016Learning Structured Sparsity in Deep Neural Networkscited by 541
- 2020MCUNet: Tiny Deep Learning on IoT Devicescited by 273
- 2016FINN: A Framework for Fast, Scalable Binarized Neural Network Inferencecited by 150
- 2021HW-NAS-Bench:Hardware-Aware Neural Architecture Search Benchmarkcited by 84
- 2020Classification using Hyperdimensional Computing: A Reviewcited by 60
- 2019In-memory hyperdimensional computingcited by 48
- 2021How Do Adam and Training Strategies Help BNNs Optimization?cited by 46
- 2021A comprehensive review of Binary Neural Networkcited by 45
- 2020FracBNN: Accurate and FPGA-Efficient Binary Neural Networks with Fractional Activationscited by 32
7 more
- 2021Learning with Holographic Reduced Representationscited by 25
- 2021Hypervector Design for Efficient Hyperdimensional Computing on Edge Devicescited by 16
- 2019Density Encoding Enables Resource-Efficient Randomly Connected Neural Networkscited by 15
- 2021Generalized Learning Vector Quantization for Classification in Randomized Neural Networks and Hyperdimensional Computingcited by 12
- 2020Task-Projected Hyperdimensional Computing for Multi-Task Learningcited by 5
- 2021HDTest: Differential Fuzz Testing of Brain-Inspired Hyperdimensional Computingcited by 4
- 2014The Power of Online Learning in Stochastic Network Optimizationcited by 3
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 4; 2024: 1; 2025: 3; 2026: 2.
11 papers.
- 2023Learning from Hypervectors: A Survey on Hypervector Encodingcited by 7
- 2023An Encoding Framework for Binarized Images using HyperDimensional Computingcited by 5
- 2023MetaLDC: Meta Learning of Low-Dimensional Computing Classifiers for Fast On-Device Adaptioncited by 3
- 2025HyperCam: Low-Power Onboard Computer Vision for IoT Camerascited by 2
- 2022SeLoC-ML: Semantic Low-Code Engineering for Machine Learning Applications in Industrial IoTcited by 1
- 2023uHD: Unary Processing for Lightweight and Dynamic Hyperdimensional Computingcited by 1
- 2024Scheduled Knowledge Acquisition on Lightweight Vector Symbolic Architectures for Brain-Computer Interfacescited by 1
- 2025Towards Vector Optimization on Low-Dimensional Vector Symbolic Architecturecited by 1
- 2026THDC: Training Hyperdimensional Computing Models with Backpropagationcited by 1
- 2025BiHDTrans: binary hyperdimensional transformer for efficient multivariate time series classificationcited by 0
- 2026ECG-LDC: A Hardware-Efficient Low-Dimensional Computing Framework for ECG Arrhythmia Classificationcited by 0
- 2026ECG-LDC: A Hardware-Efficient Low-Dimensional Computing Framework for ECG Arrhythmia Classification13 Jun 2026
- 2026THDC: Training Hyperdimensional Computing Models with Backpropagation27 Jan 2026
- 2025BiHDTrans: binary hyperdimensional transformer for efficient multivariate time series classification29 Sep 2025
- 2025Towards Vector Optimization on Low-Dimensional Vector Symbolic Architecture19 Feb 2025
- 2025HyperCam: Low-Power Onboard Computer Vision for IoT Cameras17 Jan 2025
- 2024Scheduled Knowledge Acquisition on Lightweight Vector Symbolic Architectures for Brain-Computer Interfaces18 Mar 2024
- 2023An Encoding Framework for Binarized Images using HyperDimensional Computing1 Dec 2023
- 2023uHD: Unary Processing for Lightweight and Dynamic Hyperdimensional Computing16 Nov 2023
- 2023Learning from Hypervectors: A Survey on Hypervector Encoding1 Aug 2023
- 2023MetaLDC: Meta Learning of Low-Dimensional Computing Classifiers for Fast On-Device Adaption23 Feb 2023
- 2022SeLoC-ML: Semantic Low-Code Engineering for Machine Learning Applications in Industrial IoT18 Jul 2022