mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Toward Annotator Group Bias in Crowdsourcing

arXiv 2110.08038 ↗First posted 8 Oct 2021cs.HC cs.LGcited by 14

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Abstract (arXiv)

Crowdsourcing has emerged as a popular approach for collecting annotated data to train supervised machine learning models. However, annotator bias can lead to defective annotations. Though there are a few works investigating individual annotator bias, the group effects in annotators are largely overlooked. In this work, we reveal that annotators within the same demographic group tend to show consistent group bias in annotation tasks and thus we conduct an initial study on annotator group bias. We first empirically verify the existence of annotator group bias in various real-world crowdsourcing datasets. Then, we develop a novel probabilistic graphical framework GroupAnno to capture annotator group bias with a new extended Expectation Maximization (EM) training algorithm. We conduct experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our model in modeling annotator group bias in label aggregation and model learning over competitive baselines.

Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 9 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Oct 2021.

Builds on

9 of 31 references.

References · 9

  1. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
  2. 2016Ex Machina: Personal Attacks Seen at Scalecited by 208
  3. 2019Are We Modeling the Task or the Annotator? An Investigation of Annotator Bias in Natural Language Understanding Datasetscited by 173
  4. 2018The Frontiers of Fairness in Machine Learningcited by 139
  5. 2019Predictive Biases in Natural Language Processing Models: A Conceptual Framework and Overviewcited by 137
  6. 2017Deep learning from crowdscited by 105
  7. 2017ConStance: Modeling Annotation Contexts to Improve Stance Classificationcited by 7
  8. 2014Evaluating the Crowd with Confidencecited by 4
  9. 2019Modelling Instance-Level Annotator Reliability for Natural Language Labelling Taskscited by 3

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 3; 2023: 3; 2024: 5; 2025: 1; 2026: 2.

14 papers.

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