mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Defocus Map Estimation and Deblurring from a Single Dual-Pixel Image

arXiv 2110.05655 ↗First posted 12 Oct 2021cs.CVcited by 25

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

We present a method that takes as input a single dual-pixel image, and simultaneously estimates the image's defocus map -- the amount of defocus blur at each pixel -- and recovers an all-in-focus image. Our method is inspired from recent works that leverage the dual-pixel sensors available in many consumer cameras to assist with autofocus, and use them for recovery of defocus maps or all-in-focus images. These prior works have solved the two recovery problems independently of each other, and often require large labeled datasets for supervised training. By contrast, we show that it is beneficial to treat these two closely-connected problems simultaneously. To this end, we set up an optimization problem that, by carefully modeling the optics of dual-pixel images, jointly solves both problems. We use data captured with a consumer smartphone camera to demonstrate that, after a one-time calibration step, our approach improves upon prior works for both defocus map estimation and blur removal, despite being entirely unsupervised.

Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 29 of its 96 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Oct 2021.

Builds on

29 of 96 references.

References · 29

  1. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
  2. 2019Towards Robust Monocular Depth Estimation: Mixing Datasets for Zero-shot Cross-dataset Transfercited by 1,484
  3. 2014Depth Map Prediction from a Single Image using a Multi-Scale Deep Networkcited by 1,264
  4. 2016Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimation with Left-Right Consistencycited by 819
  5. 2017Unsupervised Learning of Depth and Ego-Motion from Videocited by 778
  6. 2018Deep Ordinal Regression Network for Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 721
  7. 2016Unsupervised CNN for Single View Depth Estimation: Geometry to the Rescuecited by 368
  8. 2020Single-View View Synthesis with Multiplane Imagescited by 263
  9. 2017A General and Adaptive Robust Loss Functioncited by 236
  10. 2018Stereo Magnification: Learning View Synthesis using Multiplane Imagescited by 206
  11. 2018Unsupervised Learning of Depth and Ego-Motion from Monocular Video Using 3D Geometric Constraintscited by 179
  12. 2015Learning Depth from Single Monocular Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Fieldscited by 169
17 more
  1. 2018DF-Net: Unsupervised Joint Learning of Depth and Flow using Cross-Task Consistencycited by 148
  2. 2020Defocus Deblurring Using Dual-Pixel Datacited by 138
  3. 2019CAM-Convs: Camera-Aware Multi-Scale Convolutions for Single-View Depthcited by 75
  4. 2018Synthetic Depth-of-Field with a Single-Camera Mobile Phonecited by 70
  5. 2018Learning Monocular Depth by Distilling Cross-domain Stereo Networkscited by 64
  6. 2018AdaDepth: Unsupervised Content Congruent Adaptation for Depth Estimationcited by 54
  7. 2019Learning Single Camera Depth Estimation using Dual-Pixelscited by 49
  8. 2018What Makes Good Synthetic Training Data for Learning Disparity and Optical Flow Estimation?cited by 44
  9. 2017Deep Depth From Focuscited by 28
  10. 2016Learning Fully Convolutional Networks for Iterative Non-blind Deconvolutioncited by 26
  11. 2020Learning to Autofocuscited by 26
  12. 2017A Unified Approach of Multi-scale Deep and Hand-crafted Features for Defocus Estimationcited by 25
  13. 2020Du2Net: Learning Depth Estimation from Dual-Cameras and Dual-Pixelscited by 23
  14. 2017Aperture Supervision for Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 21
  15. 2018Wireless Software Synchronization of Multiple Distributed Camerascited by 12
  16. 2017Reversible Jump Metropolis Light Transport using Inverse Mappingscited by 3
  17. 2017Self-Supervised Relative Depth Learning for Urban Scene Understandingcited by 2

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 5; 2023: 6; 2024: 5; 2025: 5; 2026: 3.

25 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2023DC2: Dual-Camera Defocus Control by Learning to Refocuscited by 12
  2. 2021Facial Depth and Normal Estimation using Single Dual-Pixel Cameracited by 11
  3. 2023LDP: Language-driven Dual-Pixel Image Defocus Deblurring Networkcited by 11
  4. 2023Image Deblurring by Exploring In-depth Properties of Transformercited by 10
  5. 2022Learning Depth from Focus in the Wildcited by 8
  6. 2022Dual-Pixel Raindrop Removalcited by 6
  7. 2022Learning Single Image Defocus Deblurring with Misaligned Training Pairscited by 6
  8. 2023Learning Lens Blur Fieldscited by 6
  9. 2024Passive Snapshot Coded Aperture Dual-Pixel RGB-D Imagingcited by 6
  10. 2023Point-and-Shoot All-in-Focus Photo Synthesis from Smartphone Camera Paircited by 4
  11. 2025Efficient Depth- and Spatially-Varying Image Simulation for Defocus Deblurcited by 4
  12. 2023Continuous Cost Aggregation for Dual-Pixel Disparity Extractioncited by 3
13 more
  1. 2024Efficient Hybrid Zoom using Camera Fusion on Mobile Phonescited by 3
  2. 2025Repurposing Marigold for Zero-Shot Metric Depth Estimation via Defocus Blur Cuescited by 3
  3. 2022Learnable Blur Kernel for Single-Image Defocus Deblurring in the Wildcited by 1
  4. 2024Disparity Estimation Using a Quad-Pixel Sensorcited by 1
  5. 2025Simulating Dual-Pixel Images From Ray Tracing For Depth Estimationcited by 1
  6. 2025Fine-grained Defocus Blur Control for Generative Image Modelscited by 1
  7. 2025Learning to Refocus with Video Diffusion Modelscited by 1
  8. 2022Point Spread Function Estimation of Defocuscited by 0
  9. 2024Stereo-Knowledge Distillation from dpMV to Dual Pixels for Light Field Video Reconstructioncited by 0
  10. 2024Revisiting Disparity from Dual-Pixel Images: Physics-Informed Lightweight Depth Estimationcited by 0
  11. 2026Freq-DP Net: A Dual-Branch Network for Fence Removal using Dual-Pixel and Fourier Priorscited by 0
  12. 2026DP-SfM: Dual-Pixel Structure-from-Motion without Scale Ambiguitycited by 0
  13. 2026FoundDP: Revisiting Weak Disparity Observability in Dual-Pixel Depth Estimationcited by 0