mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

A Simple and Effective Method To Eliminate the Self Language Bias in Multilingual Representations

arXiv 2109.04727 ↗First posted 10 Sep 2021cs.CL cs.AIcited by 16

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Abstract (arXiv)

Language agnostic and semantic-language information isolation is an emerging research direction for multilingual representations models. We explore this problem from a novel angle of geometric algebra and semantic space. A simple but highly effective method "Language Information Removal (LIR)" factors out language identity information from semantic related components in multilingual representations pre-trained on multi-monolingual data. A post-training and model-agnostic method, LIR only uses simple linear operations, e.g. matrix factorization and orthogonal projection. LIR reveals that for weak-alignment multilingual systems, the principal components of semantic spaces primarily encodes language identity information. We first evaluate the LIR on a cross-lingual question answer retrieval task (LAReQA), which requires the strong alignment for the multilingual embedding space. Experiment shows that LIR is highly effectively on this task, yielding almost 100% relative improvement in MAP for weak-alignment models. We then evaluate the LIR on Amazon Reviews and XEVAL dataset, with the observation that removing language information is able to improve the cross-lingual transfer performance.

Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 20 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Sep 2021.

Builds on

20 of 35 references.

References · 20

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8 more
  1. 2019How Language-Neutral is Multilingual BERT?cited by 51
  2. 2020Explicit Alignment Objectives for Multilingual Bidirectional Encoderscited by 50
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  4. 2018Learning Cross-Lingual Sentence Representations via a Multi-task Dual-Encoder Modelcited by 46
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  6. 2020Universal Sentence Representation Learning with Conditional Masked Language Modelcited by 34
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 4; 2024: 7; 2025: 2; 2026: 2.

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