Learning Facial Representations from the Cycle-consistency of Face
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Abstract (arXiv)
Faces manifest large variations in many aspects, such as identity, expression, pose, and face styling. Therefore, it is a great challenge to disentangle and extract these characteristics from facial images, especially in an unsupervised manner. In this work, we introduce cycle-consistency in facial characteristics as free supervisory signal to learn facial representations from unlabeled facial images. The learning is realized by superimposing the facial motion cycle-consistency and identity cycle-consistency constraints. The main idea of the facial motion cycle-consistency is that, given a face with expression, we can perform de-expression to a neutral face via the removal of facial motion and further perform re-expression to reconstruct back to the original face. The main idea of the identity cycle-consistency is to exploit both de-identity into mean face by depriving the given neutral face of its identity via feature re-normalization and re-identity into neutral face by adding the personal attributes to the mean face. At training time, our model learns to disentangle two distinct facial representations to be useful for performing cycle-consistent face reconstruction. At test time, we use the linear protocol scheme for evaluating facial representations on various tasks, including facial expression recognition and head pose regression. We also can directly apply the learnt facial representations to person recognition, frontalization and image-to-image translation. Our experiments show that the results of our approach is competitive with those of existing methods, demonstrating the rich and unique information embedded in the disentangled representations. Code is available at https://github.com/JiaRenChang/FaceCycle .
Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Aug 2021.
Builds on
22 of 52 references.
References · 22
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10 more
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 5; 2023: 7; 2024: 5; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
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- 2023SVFAP: Self-supervised Video Facial Affect Perceivercited by 18
- 2024Self-Supervised Facial Representation Learning with Facial Region Awarenesscited by 17
- 2022Pose-disentangled Contrastive Learning for Self-supervised Facial Representationcited by 16
- 2022Revisiting Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning for Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 9
- 2024Exploring Facial Expression Recognition through Semi-Supervised Pretraining and Temporal Modelingcited by 8
- 2023Diff-ID: An Explainable Identity Difference Quantification Framework for DeepFake Detectioncited by 6
- 2023Exploring Large-scale Unlabeled Faces to Enhance Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 4
- 2023Unsupervised Facial Expression Representation Learning with Contrastive Local Warpingcited by 4
- 2024Emotic Masked Autoencoder with Attention Fusion for Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 3
- 2023Unpaired Multi-domain Attribute Translation of 3D Facial Shapes with a Square and Symmetric Geometric Mapcited by 2
- 2022On Biased Behavior of GANs for Face Verificationcited by 1
- 2022A Survey of Face Recognitioncited by 1
8 more
- 2025LH2Face: Loss function for Hard High-quality Facecited by 1
- 2022Towards an objective characterization of an individual's facial movements using Self-Supervised Person-Specific-Modelscited by 0
- 2023Watch Out for the Confusing Faces: Detecting Face Swapping with the Probability Distribution of Face Identification Modelscited by 0
- 2023A Generative Framework for Self-Supervised Facial Representation Learningcited by 0
- 2024DrFER: Learning Disentangled Representations for 3D Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 0
- 2024eMotion-GAN: A Motion-based GAN for Photorealistic and Facial Expression Preserving Frontal View Synthesiscited by 0
- 2025Learn Your Scales: Towards Scale-Consistent Generative Novel View Synthesiscited by 0
- 2026Semi-Supervised Facial Expression Recognition based on Dynamic Threshold and Negative Learningcited by 0
- 2026Semi-Supervised Facial Expression Recognition based on Dynamic Threshold and Negative Learning9 Jan 2026
- 2025LH2Face: Loss function for Hard High-quality Face30 Jun 2025
- 2025Learn Your Scales: Towards Scale-Consistent Generative Novel View Synthesis19 Mar 2025
- 2024eMotion-GAN: A Motion-based GAN for Photorealistic and Facial Expression Preserving Frontal View Synthesis15 Apr 2024
- 2024Emotic Masked Autoencoder with Attention Fusion for Facial Expression Recognition19 Mar 2024
- 2024Exploring Facial Expression Recognition through Semi-Supervised Pretraining and Temporal Modeling18 Mar 2024
- 2024DrFER: Learning Disentangled Representations for 3D Facial Expression Recognition13 Mar 2024
- 2024Self-Supervised Facial Representation Learning with Facial Region Awareness4 Mar 2024
- 2023SVFAP: Self-supervised Video Facial Affect Perceiver31 Dec 2023
- 2023A Generative Framework for Self-Supervised Facial Representation Learning15 Sep 2023
- 2023Unpaired Multi-domain Attribute Translation of 3D Facial Shapes with a Square and Symmetric Geometric Map25 Aug 2023
- 2023Diff-ID: An Explainable Identity Difference Quantification Framework for DeepFake Detection30 Mar 2023
8 more
- 2023Watch Out for the Confusing Faces: Detecting Face Swapping with the Probability Distribution of Face Identification Models23 Mar 2023
- 2023Unsupervised Facial Expression Representation Learning with Contrastive Local Warping16 Mar 2023
- 2023Exploring Large-scale Unlabeled Faces to Enhance Facial Expression Recognition15 Mar 2023
- 2022A Survey of Face Recognition26 Dec 2022
- 2022Pose-disentangled Contrastive Learning for Self-supervised Facial Representation24 Nov 2022
- 2022Towards an objective characterization of an individual's facial movements using Self-Supervised Person-Specific-Models15 Nov 2022
- 2022Revisiting Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning for Facial Expression Recognition8 Oct 2022
- 2022On Biased Behavior of GANs for Face Verification27 Aug 2022
- 2023SVFAP: Self-supervised Video Facial Affect Perceivercited by 18
- 2024Self-Supervised Facial Representation Learning with Facial Region Awarenesscited by 17
- 2022Pose-disentangled Contrastive Learning for Self-supervised Facial Representationcited by 16
- 2022Revisiting Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning for Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 9
- 2024Exploring Facial Expression Recognition through Semi-Supervised Pretraining and Temporal Modelingcited by 8
- 2023Diff-ID: An Explainable Identity Difference Quantification Framework for DeepFake Detectioncited by 6
- 2023Exploring Large-scale Unlabeled Faces to Enhance Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 4
- 2023Unsupervised Facial Expression Representation Learning with Contrastive Local Warpingcited by 4
- 2024Emotic Masked Autoencoder with Attention Fusion for Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 3
- 2023Unpaired Multi-domain Attribute Translation of 3D Facial Shapes with a Square and Symmetric Geometric Mapcited by 2
- 2022On Biased Behavior of GANs for Face Verificationcited by 1
- 2022A Survey of Face Recognitioncited by 1
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026Semi-Supervised Facial Expression Recognition based on Dynamic Threshold and Negative Learning9 Jan 2026
- 2025LH2Face: Loss function for Hard High-quality Face30 Jun 2025
- 2025Learn Your Scales: Towards Scale-Consistent Generative Novel View Synthesis19 Mar 2025
- 2024eMotion-GAN: A Motion-based GAN for Photorealistic and Facial Expression Preserving Frontal View Synthesis15 Apr 2024
- 2024Emotic Masked Autoencoder with Attention Fusion for Facial Expression Recognition19 Mar 2024
- 2024Exploring Facial Expression Recognition through Semi-Supervised Pretraining and Temporal Modeling18 Mar 2024
- 2024DrFER: Learning Disentangled Representations for 3D Facial Expression Recognition13 Mar 2024
- 2024Self-Supervised Facial Representation Learning with Facial Region Awareness4 Mar 2024
- 2023SVFAP: Self-supervised Video Facial Affect Perceiver31 Dec 2023
- 2023Unpaired Multi-domain Attribute Translation of 3D Facial Shapes with a Square and Symmetric Geometric Map25 Aug 2023
- 2023Diff-ID: An Explainable Identity Difference Quantification Framework for DeepFake Detection30 Mar 2023
- 2023Watch Out for the Confusing Faces: Detecting Face Swapping with the Probability Distribution of Face Identification Models23 Mar 2023
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)