An Adapter Based Pre-Training for Efficient and Scalable Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
We present a method for transferring pre-trained self-supervised (SSL) speech representations to multiple languages. There is an abundance of unannotated speech, so creating self-supervised representations from raw audio and fine-tuning on small annotated datasets is a promising direction to build speech recognition systems. SSL models generally perform SSL on raw audio in a pre-training phase and then fine-tune on a small fraction of annotated data. Such models have produced state of the art results for ASR. However, these models are very expensive to pre-train. We use an existing wav2vec 2.0 model and tackle the problem of learning new language representations while utilizing existing model knowledge. Crucially we do so without catastrophic forgetting of the existing language representation. We use adapter modules to speed up pre-training a new language task. Our model can decrease pre-training times by 32% when learning a new language task, and learn this new audio-language representation without forgetting previous language representation. We evaluate by applying these language representations to automatic speech recognition.
Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 20 of its 24 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Jul 2021.
Builds on
20 of 24 references.
References · 20
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,399
- 2018Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 7,777
- 2016Layer Normalizationcited by 5,669
- 2016Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networkscited by 4,787
- 2019Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning for NLPcited by 4,236
- 2020wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representationscited by 3,905
- 2016Categorical Reparameterization with Gumbel-Softmaxcited by 2,739
- 2016Learning without Forgettingcited by 2,496
- 2021HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Unitscited by 2,342
- 2019fairseq: A Fast, Extensible Toolkit for Sequence Modelingcited by 1,488
- 2019Common Voice: A Massively-Multilingual Speech Corpuscited by 1,384
8 more
- 2016The Concrete Distribution: A Continuous Relaxation of Discrete Random Variablescited by 1,148
- 2020AdapterFusion: Non-Destructive Task Composition for Transfer Learningcited by 788
- 2017Learning multiple visual domains with residual adapterscited by 557
- 2019Libri-Light: A Benchmark for ASR with Limited or No Supervisioncited by 467
- 2020MAD-X: An Adapter-Based Framework for Multi-Task Cross-Lingual Transfercited by 445
- 2019An Unsupervised Autoregressive Model for Speech Representation Learningcited by 186
- 2021Pretrained Transformers as Universal Computation Enginescited by 162
- 2019Learning Problem-agnostic Speech Representations from Multiple Self-supervised Taskscited by 87
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 4; 2023: 8; 2024: 3; 2025: 1; 2026: 2.
19 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2024LLM Augmented LLMs: Expanding Capabilities through Compositioncited by 35
- 2023Deep Transfer Learning for Automatic Speech Recognition: Towards Better Generalizationcited by 28
- 2022Exploring Efficient-tuning Methods in Self-supervised Speech Modelscited by 26
- 2023Comparison of Multilingual Self-Supervised and Weakly-Supervised Speech Pre-Training for Adaptation to Unseen Languagescited by 20
- 2023CL-MASR: A Continual Learning Benchmark for Multilingual ASRcited by 17
- 2022CHAPTER: Exploiting Convolutional Neural Network Adapters for Self-supervised Speech Modelscited by 13
- 2023MultiWay-Adapater: Adapting large-scale multi-modal models for scalable image-text retrievalcited by 9
- 2022Learning Representations for New Sound Classes With Continual Self-Supervised Learningcited by 8
- 2023Evaluating Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning Approaches on SURE Benchmark for Speech Understandingcited by 5
- 2024How to Learn a New Language? An Efficient Solution for Self-Supervised Learning Models Unseen Languages Adaption in Low-Resource Scenariocited by 5
- 2022Continual Learning for On-Device Speech Recognition using Disentangled Conformerscited by 4
- 2024PEFT for Speech: Unveiling Optimal Placement, Merging Strategies, and Ensemble Techniquescited by 3
7 more
- 2021Multi-Variant Consistency based Self-supervised Learning for Robust Automatic Speech Recognitioncited by 1
- 2025CLAP-S: Support Set Based Adaptation for Downstream Fiber-optic Acoustic Recognitioncited by 1
- 2023CSSL-MHTR: Continual Self-Supervised Learning for Scalable Multi-script Handwritten Text Recognitioncited by 0
- 2023"We care": Improving Code Mixed Speech Emotion Recognition in Customer-Care Conversationscited by 0
- 2023Cascaded Multi-task Adaptive Learning Based on Neural Architecture Searchcited by 0
- 2026MambAdapter: Lightweight Mamba-Based Adapters for Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning in Speech and Audiocited by 0
- 2026Traceback Translators Against Forgetting in Continual Fake Speech Detectioncited by 0
- 2026Traceback Translators Against Forgetting in Continual Fake Speech Detection14 Jul 2026
- 2026MambAdapter: Lightweight Mamba-Based Adapters for Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning in Speech and Audio14 Jun 2026
- 2025CLAP-S: Support Set Based Adaptation for Downstream Fiber-optic Acoustic Recognition16 Jan 2025
- 2024How to Learn a New Language? An Efficient Solution for Self-Supervised Learning Models Unseen Languages Adaption in Low-Resource Scenario27 Nov 2024
- 2024LLM Augmented LLMs: Expanding Capabilities through Composition4 Jan 2024
- 2024PEFT for Speech: Unveiling Optimal Placement, Merging Strategies, and Ensemble Techniques4 Jan 2024
- 2023CL-MASR: A Continual Learning Benchmark for Multilingual ASR25 Oct 2023
- 2023Cascaded Multi-task Adaptive Learning Based on Neural Architecture Search23 Oct 2023
- 2023MultiWay-Adapater: Adapting large-scale multi-modal models for scalable image-text retrieval4 Sep 2023
- 2023"We care": Improving Code Mixed Speech Emotion Recognition in Customer-Care Conversations6 Aug 2023
- 2023Comparison of Multilingual Self-Supervised and Weakly-Supervised Speech Pre-Training for Adaptation to Unseen Languages21 May 2023
- 2023Deep Transfer Learning for Automatic Speech Recognition: Towards Better Generalization27 Apr 2023
7 more
- 2023CSSL-MHTR: Continual Self-Supervised Learning for Scalable Multi-script Handwritten Text Recognition16 Mar 2023
- 2023Evaluating Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning Approaches on SURE Benchmark for Speech Understanding2 Mar 2023
- 2022Continual Learning for On-Device Speech Recognition using Disentangled Conformers2 Dec 2022
- 2022CHAPTER: Exploiting Convolutional Neural Network Adapters for Self-supervised Speech Models1 Dec 2022
- 2022Exploring Efficient-tuning Methods in Self-supervised Speech Models10 Oct 2022
- 2022Learning Representations for New Sound Classes With Continual Self-Supervised Learning15 May 2022
- 2021Multi-Variant Consistency based Self-supervised Learning for Robust Automatic Speech Recognition23 Dec 2021
- 2024LLM Augmented LLMs: Expanding Capabilities through Compositioncited by 35
- 2023Deep Transfer Learning for Automatic Speech Recognition: Towards Better Generalizationcited by 28
- 2022Exploring Efficient-tuning Methods in Self-supervised Speech Modelscited by 26
- 2023Comparison of Multilingual Self-Supervised and Weakly-Supervised Speech Pre-Training for Adaptation to Unseen Languagescited by 20
- 2023CL-MASR: A Continual Learning Benchmark for Multilingual ASRcited by 17
- 2022CHAPTER: Exploiting Convolutional Neural Network Adapters for Self-supervised Speech Modelscited by 13
- 2022Learning Representations for New Sound Classes With Continual Self-Supervised Learningcited by 8
- 2023Evaluating Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning Approaches on SURE Benchmark for Speech Understandingcited by 5
- 2024How to Learn a New Language? An Efficient Solution for Self-Supervised Learning Models Unseen Languages Adaption in Low-Resource Scenariocited by 5
- 2022Continual Learning for On-Device Speech Recognition using Disentangled Conformerscited by 4
- 2024PEFT for Speech: Unveiling Optimal Placement, Merging Strategies, and Ensemble Techniquescited by 3
- 2021Multi-Variant Consistency based Self-supervised Learning for Robust Automatic Speech Recognitioncited by 1
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026Traceback Translators Against Forgetting in Continual Fake Speech Detection14 Jul 2026
- 2025CLAP-S: Support Set Based Adaptation for Downstream Fiber-optic Acoustic Recognition16 Jan 2025
- 2024How to Learn a New Language? An Efficient Solution for Self-Supervised Learning Models Unseen Languages Adaption in Low-Resource Scenario27 Nov 2024
- 2024LLM Augmented LLMs: Expanding Capabilities through Composition4 Jan 2024
- 2024PEFT for Speech: Unveiling Optimal Placement, Merging Strategies, and Ensemble Techniques4 Jan 2024
- 2023CL-MASR: A Continual Learning Benchmark for Multilingual ASR25 Oct 2023
- 2023Cascaded Multi-task Adaptive Learning Based on Neural Architecture Search23 Oct 2023
- 2023"We care": Improving Code Mixed Speech Emotion Recognition in Customer-Care Conversations6 Aug 2023
- 2023Comparison of Multilingual Self-Supervised and Weakly-Supervised Speech Pre-Training for Adaptation to Unseen Languages21 May 2023
- 2023Deep Transfer Learning for Automatic Speech Recognition: Towards Better Generalization27 Apr 2023
- 2023CSSL-MHTR: Continual Self-Supervised Learning for Scalable Multi-script Handwritten Text Recognition16 Mar 2023
- 2023Evaluating Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning Approaches on SURE Benchmark for Speech Understanding2 Mar 2023
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)