mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Guided Generation of Cause and Effect

arXiv 2107.09846 ↗First posted 21 Jul 2021cs.CLcited by 33

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present a conditional text generation framework that posits sentential expressions of possible causes and effects. This framework depends on two novel resources we develop in the course of this work: a very large-scale collection of English sentences expressing causal patterns CausalBank; and a refinement over previous work on constructing large lexical causal knowledge graphs Cause Effect Graph. Further, we extend prior work in lexically-constrained decoding to support disjunctive positive constraints. Human assessment confirms that our approach gives high-quality and diverse outputs. Finally, we use CausalBank to perform continued training of an encoder supporting a recent state-of-the-art model for causal reasoning, leading to a 3-point improvement on the COPA challenge set, with no change in model architecture.

Key facts. Cited by 33 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 20 of its 80 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Jul 2021.

Builds on

20 of 80 references.

References · 20

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,491
  3. 2015Neural Machine Translation of Rare Words with Subword Unitscited by 2,898
  4. 2016ConceptNet 5.5: An Open Multilingual Graph of General Knowledgecited by 1,065
  5. 2017Convolutional Sequence to Sequence Learningcited by 550
  6. 2018Hypothesis Only Baselines in Natural Language Inferencecited by 291
  7. 2017Lexically Constrained Decoding for Sequence Generation Using Grid Beam Searchcited by 234
  8. 2018Sentence Encoders on STILTs: Supplementary Training on Intermediate Labeled-data Taskscited by 214
  9. 2018Fast Lexically Constrained Decoding with Dynamic Beam Allocation for Neural Machine Translationcited by 181
  10. 2019ASER: A Large-scale Eventuality Knowledge Graphcited by 89
  11. 2018Event2Mind: Commonsense Inference on Events, Intents, and Reactionscited by 82
  12. 2019Target-Guided Open-Domain Conversationcited by 66
8 more
  1. 2018Story Ending Generation with Incremental Encoding and Commonsense Knowledgecited by 60
  2. 2019Joint Reasoning for Temporal and Causal Relationscited by 60
  3. 2019ParaBank: Monolingual Bitext Generation and Sentential Paraphrasing via Lexically-constrained Neural Machine Translationcited by 38
  4. 2018Constructing Narrative Event Evolutionary Graph for Script Event Predictioncited by 33
  5. 2016Automatic Extraction of Causal Relations from Natural Language Texts: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 16
  6. 2017Sockeye: A Toolkit for Neural Machine Translationcited by 15
  7. 2019Story Ending Prediction by Transferable BERTcited by 10
  8. 2019Learning to Rank for Plausible Plausibilitycited by 9

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 8; 2023: 11; 2024: 9; 2025: 1; 2026: 2.

33 papers.

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  1. 2023Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmapcited by 663
  2. 2021Symbolic Knowledge Distillation: from General Language Models to Commonsense Modelscited by 270
  3. 2023Boosting Language Models Reasoning with Chain-of-Knowledge Promptingcited by 77
  4. 2023Is ChatGPT a Good Causal Reasoner? A Comprehensive Evaluationcited by 69
  5. 2022e-CARE: a New Dataset for Exploring Explainable Causal Reasoningcited by 47
  6. 2024Causal Inference with Large Language Model: A Surveycited by 31
  7. 2022SciNLI: A Corpus for Natural Language Inference on Scientific Textcited by 27
  8. 2022Knowledge-in-Context: Towards Knowledgeable Semi-Parametric Language Modelscited by 24
  9. 2022Towards Fine-grained Causal Reasoning and QAcited by 13
  10. 2024A Critical Review of Causal Reasoning Benchmarks for Large Language Modelscited by 13
  11. 2022UniCausal: Unified Benchmark and Repository for Causal Text Miningcited by 9
  12. 2023Evaluation of Induced Expert Knowledge in Causal Structure Learning by NOTEARScited by 8
21 more
  1. 2023NovaCOMET: Open Commonsense Foundation Models with Symbolic Knowledge Distillationcited by 8
  2. 2021Knowledge-Augmented Language Models for Cause-Effect Relation Classificationcited by 7
  3. 2022CARE: Causality Reasoning for Empathetic Responses by Conditional Graph Generationcited by 7
  4. 2023A Survey of Methods, Challenges and Perspectives in Causalitycited by 6
  5. 2023Measuring and Mitigating Constraint Violations of In-Context Learning for Utterance-to-API Semantic Parsingcited by 6
  6. 2022DiscrimLoss: A Universal Loss for Hard Samples and Incorrect Samples Discriminationcited by 5
  7. 2023Causal Question Answering with Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
  8. 2023InfoVisDial: An Informative Visual Dialogue Dataset by Bridging Large Multimodal and Language Modelscited by 5
  9. 2024The Odyssey of Commonsense Causality: From Foundational Benchmarks to Cutting-Edge Reasoningcited by 5
  10. 2024Narrating Causal Graphs with Large Language Modelscited by 4
  11. 2024A Data-Driven Guided Decoding Mechanism for Diagnostic Captioningcited by 4
  12. 2023i-Align: an interpretable knowledge graph alignment modelcited by 2
  13. 2024Is ChatGPT the Future of Causal Text Mining? A Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysiscited by 2
  14. 2025Beyond LLMs: A Linguistic Approach to Causal Graph Generation from Narrative Textscited by 2
  15. 2022ReCo: Reliable Causal Chain Reasoning via Structural Causal Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 1
  16. 2024Synergizing Machine Learning & Symbolic Methods: A Survey on Hybrid Approaches to Natural Language Processingcited by 1
  17. 2024Control-DAG: Constrained Decoding for Non-Autoregressive Directed Acyclic T5 using Weighted Finite State Automatacited by 1
  18. 2024Hierarchical Narrative Analysis: Unraveling Perceptions of Generative AIcited by 1
  19. 2026ClimateCause: Complex and Implicit Causal Structures in Climate Reportscited by 1
  20. 2023Cascaded Beam Search: Plug-and-Play Terminology-Forcing For Neural Machine Translationcited by 0
  21. 2026Implicit Causal Graph Construction in Text via Chain Discoverycited by 0