Energy Consumption of Deep Generative Audio Models
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
In most scientific domains, the deep learning community has largely focused on the quality of deep generative models, resulting in highly accurate and successful solutions. However, this race for quality comes at a tremendous computational cost, which incurs vast energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. At the heart of this problem are the measures that we use as a scientific community to evaluate our work. In this paper, we suggest relying on a multi-objective measure based on Pareto optimality, which takes into account both the quality of the model and its energy consumption. By applying our measure on the current state-of-the-art in generative audio models, we show that it can drastically change the significance of the results. We believe that this type of metric can be widely used by the community to evaluate their work, while putting computational cost -- and in fine energy consumption -- in the spotlight of deep learning research.
Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 19 of its 22 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Jul 2021.
Builds on
19 of 22 references.
References · 19
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7 more
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- 2018FloWaveNet : A Generative Flow for Raw Audiocited by 54
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 2; 2024: 4; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.
12 papers.
- 2023The Ethical Implications of Generative Audio Models: A Systematic Literature Reviewcited by 18
- 2023Towards energy-efficient Deep Learning: An overview of energy-efficient approaches along the Deep Learning Lifecyclecited by 14
- 2024From Computation to Consumption: Exploring the Compute-Energy Link for Training and Testing Neural Networks for SED Systemscited by 4
- 2022And what if two musical versions don't share melody, harmony, rhythm, or lyrics ?cited by 3
- 2024Sound Check: Auditing Audio Datasetscited by 3
- 2025Small is Sufficient: Reducing the World AI Energy Consumption Through Model Selectioncited by 3
- 2024Energy Consumption Trends in Sound Event Detection Systemscited by 2
- 2025Diffused Responsibility: Analyzing the Energy Consumption of Generative Text-to-Audio Diffusion Modelscited by 2
- 2024Normalizing Energy Consumption for Hardware-Independent Evaluationcited by 1
- 2025Bringing together invertible UNets with invertible attention modules for memory-efficient diffusion modelscited by 0
- 2025Detecting Musical Deepfakescited by 0
- 2026Exposing the Cost of Deep Learning Audio Developmentcited by 0
- 2026Exposing the Cost of Deep Learning Audio Development1 Oct 2026
- 2025Small is Sufficient: Reducing the World AI Energy Consumption Through Model Selection2 Oct 2025
- 2025Diffused Responsibility: Analyzing the Energy Consumption of Generative Text-to-Audio Diffusion Models12 May 2025
- 2025Detecting Musical Deepfakes3 May 2025
- 2025Bringing together invertible UNets with invertible attention modules for memory-efficient diffusion models15 Apr 2025
- 2024Sound Check: Auditing Audio Datasets17 Oct 2024
- 2024Energy Consumption Trends in Sound Event Detection Systems13 Sep 2024
- 2024Normalizing Energy Consumption for Hardware-Independent Evaluation9 Sep 2024
- 2024From Computation to Consumption: Exploring the Compute-Energy Link for Training and Testing Neural Networks for SED Systems8 Sep 2024
- 2023The Ethical Implications of Generative Audio Models: A Systematic Literature Review7 Jul 2023
- 2023Towards energy-efficient Deep Learning: An overview of energy-efficient approaches along the Deep Learning Lifecycle5 Feb 2023
- 2022And what if two musical versions don't share melody, harmony, rhythm, or lyrics ?3 Oct 2022