mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Argumentative XAI: A Survey

arXiv 2105.11266 ↗First posted 24 May 2021cs.AIcited by 66

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Explainable AI (XAI) has been investigated for decades and, together with AI itself, has witnessed unprecedented growth in recent years. Among various approaches to XAI, argumentative models have been advocated in both the AI and social science literature, as their dialectical nature appears to match some basic desirable features of the explanation activity. In this survey we overview XAI approaches built using methods from the field of computational argumentation, leveraging its wide array of reasoning abstractions and explanation delivery methods. We overview the literature focusing on different types of explanation (intrinsic and post-hoc), different models with which argumentation-based explanations are deployed, different forms of delivery, and different argumentation frameworks they use. We also lay out a roadmap for future work.

Key facts. Cited by 66 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 78 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 May 2021.

Builds on

15 of 78 references.

References · 15

  1. 2017A Unified Approach to Interpreting Model Predictionscited by 6,488
  2. 2017Explanation in Artificial Intelligence: Insights from the Social Sciencescited by 1,201
  3. 2018A Survey Of Methods For Explaining Black Box Modelscited by 970
  4. 2018A Symbolic Approach to Explaining Bayesian Network Classifierscited by 130
  5. 2019Explainability Fact Sheets: A Framework for Systematic Assessment of Explainable Approachescited by 101
  6. 2020On The Reasons Behind Decisionscited by 99
  7. 2020The Emerging Landscape of Explainable AI Planning and Decision Makingcited by 44
  8. 2019Explainability in Human-Agent Systemscited by 34
  9. 2019A Grounded Interaction Protocol for Explainable Artificial Intelligencecited by 22
  10. 2018Model-free, Model-based, and General Intelligencecited by 14
  11. 2014Justifying Answer Sets using Argumentationcited by 12
  12. 2018Answering the "why" in Answer Set Programming - A Survey of Explanation Approachescited by 11
3 more
  1. 2019Culture-Based Explainable Human-Agent Deconflictioncited by 7
  2. 2014Abduction and Dialogical Proof in Argumentation and Logic Programmingcited by 1
  3. 2020An Argumentation-based Approach for Explaining Goal Selection in Intelligent Agentscited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 8; 2023: 19; 2024: 14; 2025: 12; 2026: 10.

66 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2023Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) 2.0: A Manifesto of Open Challenges and Interdisciplinary Research Directionscited by 123
  2. 2024Argumentative Large Language Models for Explainable and Contestable Claim Verificationcited by 36
  3. 2023Interactive Explanations by Conflict Resolution via Argumentative Exchangescited by 24
  4. 2021Counterfactual Shapley Additive Explanationscited by 22
  5. 2023Even if Explanations: Prior Work, Desiderata & Benchmarks for Semi-Factual XAIcited by 20
  6. 2023SpArX: Sparse Argumentative Explanations for Neural Networks [Technical Report]cited by 18
  7. 2023Recourse under Model Multiplicity via Argumentative Ensembling (Technical Report)cited by 15
  8. 2024Contestable AI needs Computational Argumentationcited by 12
  9. 2024Contribution Functions for Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation Graphs: A Principle-based Analysiscited by 11
  10. 2024Explainable AI (XAI) in Image Segmentation in Medicine, Industry, and Beyond: A Surveycited by 11
  11. 2022Explaining Random Forests using Bipolar Argumentation and Markov Networks (Technical Report)cited by 9
  12. 2022A Framework for Inherently Interpretable Optimization Modelscited by 8
38 more
  1. 2023Argument Attribution Explanations in Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation Frameworks (Technical Report)cited by 7
  2. 2023ProtoArgNet: Interpretable Image Classification with Super-Prototypes and Argumentation [Technical Report]cited by 7
  3. 2024Instantiations and Computational Aspects of Non-Flat Assumption-based Argumentationcited by 7
  4. 2021Benchmarking Knowledge-driven Zero-shot Learningcited by 6
  5. 2023Similarity-weighted Construction of Contextualized Commonsense Knowledge Graphs for Knowledge-intense Argumentation Taskscited by 6
  6. 2022Forecasting Argumentation Frameworkscited by 5
  7. 2023Dialectical Reconciliation via Structured Argumentative Dialoguescited by 5
  8. 2024Computational Argumentation-based Chatbots: a Surveycited by 5
  9. 2021Contrastive Explanations for Argumentation-Based Conclusionscited by 4
  10. 2025Change in Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation: Sufficient, Necessary, and Counterfactual Explanationscited by 4
  11. 2023Learning Assumption-based Argumentation Frameworkscited by 3
  12. 2024Explaining Arguments' Strength: Unveiling the Role of Attacks and Supports (Technical Report)cited by 3
  13. 2024CE-QArg: Counterfactual Explanations for Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation Frameworks (Technical Report)cited by 3
  14. 2025Free Argumentative Exchanges for Explaining Image Classifierscited by 3
  15. 2025Does Your AI Agent Get You? A Personalizable Framework for Approximating Human Models from Argumentation-based Dialogue Tracescited by 3
  16. 2026Argumentation for Explainable and Globally Contestable Decision Support with LLMscited by 3
  17. 2022Explaining Causal Models with Argumentation: the Case of Bi-variate Reinforcementcited by 2
  18. 2024Counterfactual and Semifactual Explanations in Abstract Argumentation: Formal Foundations, Complexity and Computationcited by 2
  19. 2024A Methodology for Incompleteness-Tolerant and Modular Gradual Semantics for Argumentative Statement Graphscited by 2
  20. 2025Set Contribution Functions for Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation and their Principlescited by 2
  21. 2025Latent Debate: A Surrogate Framework for Interpreting LLM Thinkingcited by 2
  22. 2026Strength Change Explanations in Quantitative Argumentationcited by 2
  23. 2026Rashomon Memory: Towards Argumentation-Driven Retrieval for Multi-Perspective Agent Memorycited by 2
  24. 2022Argumentative Explanations for Pattern-Based Text Classifierscited by 1
  25. 2022Explaining Image Classification with Visual Debatescited by 1
  26. 2023Current and Future Challenges in Knowledge Representation and Reasoningcited by 1
  27. 2023Understanding ProbLog as Probabilistic Argumentationcited by 1
  28. 2023Integrating Symbolic Reasoning into Neural Generative Models for Design Generationcited by 1
  29. 2023Identifying Reasons for Bias: An Argumentation-Based Approachcited by 1
  30. 2024Applying Attribution Explanations in Truth-Discovery Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation Frameworkscited by 1
  31. 2024Argumentation and Machine Learningcited by 1
  32. 2025Argumentative Ensembling for Robust Recourse under Model Multiplicitycited by 1
  33. 2025PHAX: A Structured Argumentation Framework for User-Centered Explainable AI in Public Health and Biomedical Sciencescited by 1
  34. 2026Towards an Argumentative Foundation for Evaluative AIcited by 1
  35. 2022Explainable Decision Making with Lean and Argumentative Explanationscited by 0
  36. 2022Probabilistic Deduction: an Approach to Probabilistic Structured Argumentationcited by 0
  37. 2023Integrating Temporality and Causality into Acyclic Argumentation Frameworks using a Transition Systemcited by 0
  38. 2023Teach Me How to Improve My Argumentation Skills: A Survey on Feedback in Argumentationcited by 0

50 most cited of 66 All 66 (JSON)