MBNet: MOS Prediction for Synthesized Speech with Mean-Bias Network
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Abstract (arXiv)
Mean opinion score (MOS) is a popular subjective metric to assess the quality of synthesized speech, and usually involves multiple human judges to evaluate each speech utterance. To reduce the labor cost in MOS test, multiple methods have been proposed to automatically predict MOS scores. To our knowledge, for a speech utterance, all previous works only used the average of multiple scores from different judges as the training target and discarded the score of each individual judge, which did not well exploit the precious MOS training data. In this paper, we propose MBNet, a MOS predictor with a mean subnet and a bias subnet to better utilize every judge score in MOS datasets, where the mean subnet is used to predict the mean score of each utterance similar to that in previous works, and the bias subnet to predict the bias score (the difference between the mean score and each individual judge score) and capture the personal preference of individual judges. Experiments show that compared with MOSNet baseline that only leverages mean score for training, MBNet improves the system-level spearmans rank correlation co-efficient (SRCC) by 2.9% on VCC 2018 dataset and 6.7% on VCC 2016 dataset.
Key facts. Cited by 37 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 27 Feb 2021.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 12; 2023: 8; 2024: 1; 2025: 5; 2026: 4.
37 papers.
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- 2022NaturalSpeech: End-to-End Text to Speech Synthesis with Human-Level Qualitycited by 151
- 2022DiffGAN-TTS: High-Fidelity and Efficient Text-to-Speech with Denoising Diffusion GANscited by 43
- 2021Deep Learning-based Non-Intrusive Multi-Objective Speech Assessment Model with Cross-Domain Featurescited by 32
- 2021LDNet: Unified Listener Dependent Modeling in MOS Prediction for Synthetic Speechcited by 24
- 2021Meta-TTS: Meta-Learning for Few-Shot Speaker Adaptive Text-to-Speechcited by 22
- 2021Utilizing Self-supervised Representations for MOS Predictioncited by 20
- 2022SOMOS: The Samsung Open MOS Dataset for the Evaluation of Neural Text-to-Speech Synthesiscited by 18
- 2022SQuId: Measuring Speech Naturalness in Many Languagescited by 10
- 2022Transcormer: Transformer for Sentence Scoring with Sliding Language Modelingcited by 8
- 2021InQSS: a speech intelligibility and quality assessment model using a multi-task learning networkcited by 7
- 2022DDOS: A MOS Prediction Framework utilizing Domain Adaptive Pre-training and Distribution of Opinion Scorescited by 7
- 2023MOSPC: MOS Prediction Based on Pairwise Comparisoncited by 7
25 more
- 2024Self-Supervised Speech Quality Estimation and Enhancement Using Only Clean Speechcited by 7
- 2022MTI-Net: A Multi-Target Speech Intelligibility Prediction Modelcited by 6
- 2022ECAPA-TDNN for Multi-speaker Text-to-speech Synthesiscited by 5
- 2021SVSNet: An End-to-end Speaker Voice Similarity Assessment Modelcited by 4
- 2021HASA-net: A non-intrusive hearing-aid speech assessment networkcited by 4
- 2023Non-Intrusive Speech Intelligibility Prediction for Hearing Aids using Whisper and Metadatacited by 4
- 2023Resource-Efficient Fine-Tuning Strategies for Automatic MOS Prediction in Text-to-Speech for Low-Resource Languagescited by 3
- 2022Investigating Content-Aware Neural Text-To-Speech MOS Prediction Using Prosodic and Linguistic Featurescited by 2
- 2025APG-MOS: Auditory Perception Guided-MOS Predictor for Synthetic Speechcited by 2
- 2025ORCA: Open-ended Response Correctness Assessment for Audio Question Answeringcited by 2
- 2022Wideband Audio Waveform Evaluation Networks: Efficient, Accurate Estimation of Speech Qualitiescited by 1
- 2023Multi-Task Pseudo-Label Learning for Non-Intrusive Speech Quality Assessment Modelcited by 1
- 2023EventTrojan: Manipulating Non-Intrusive Speech Quality Assessment via Imperceptible Eventscited by 1
- 2023It HAS to be Subjective: Human Annotator Simulation via Zero-shot Density Estimationcited by 1
- 2025JSQA: Speech Quality Assessment with Perceptually-Inspired Contrastive Pretraining Based on JND Audio Pairscited by 1
- 2025Improving Perceptual Audio Aesthetic Assessment via Triplet Loss and Self-Supervised Embeddingscited by 1
- 2022Improving Self-Supervised Learning-based MOS Prediction Networkscited by 0
- 2022Comparison of Speech Representations for the MOS Prediction Systemcited by 0
- 2023MooseNet: A Trainable Metric for Synthesized Speech with a PLDA Modulecited by 0
- 2023Personalized Audio Quality Preference Predictioncited by 0
- 2025SALF-MOS: Speaker Agnostic Latent Features Downsampled for MOS Predictioncited by 0
- 2026Bottleneck Transformer-Based Approach for Improved Automatic STOI Score Predictioncited by 0
- 2026Beyond the Mean: Modelling Annotation Distributions in Continuous Affect Predictioncited by 0
- 2026DeRA-MOS: Optimizing Text-to-Music Evaluation via Decoupled Listwise Ranking and Modality Alignmentcited by 0
- 2026Listening Like a Judge: A Music-Aware Framework for Automatic Singing Performance Evaluationcited by 0
- 2026Listening Like a Judge: A Music-Aware Framework for Automatic Singing Performance Evaluation24 Jun 2026
- 2026DeRA-MOS: Optimizing Text-to-Music Evaluation via Decoupled Listwise Ranking and Modality Alignment8 Jun 2026
- 2026Beyond the Mean: Modelling Annotation Distributions in Continuous Affect Prediction8 Apr 2026
- 2026Bottleneck Transformer-Based Approach for Improved Automatic STOI Score Prediction17 Feb 2026
- 2025ORCA: Open-ended Response Correctness Assessment for Audio Question Answering28 Nov 2025
- 2025Improving Perceptual Audio Aesthetic Assessment via Triplet Loss and Self-Supervised Embeddings3 Sep 2025
- 2025JSQA: Speech Quality Assessment with Perceptually-Inspired Contrastive Pretraining Based on JND Audio Pairs15 Jul 2025
- 2025SALF-MOS: Speaker Agnostic Latent Features Downsampled for MOS Prediction2 Jun 2025
- 2025APG-MOS: Auditory Perception Guided-MOS Predictor for Synthetic Speech29 Apr 2025
- 2024Self-Supervised Speech Quality Estimation and Enhancement Using Only Clean Speech26 Feb 2024
- 2023It HAS to be Subjective: Human Annotator Simulation via Zero-shot Density Estimation30 Sep 2023
- 2023Non-Intrusive Speech Intelligibility Prediction for Hearing Aids using Whisper and Metadata18 Sep 2023
25 more
- 2023EventTrojan: Manipulating Non-Intrusive Speech Quality Assessment via Imperceptible Events4 Sep 2023
- 2023Multi-Task Pseudo-Label Learning for Non-Intrusive Speech Quality Assessment Model18 Aug 2023
- 2023MOSPC: MOS Prediction Based on Pairwise Comparison18 Jun 2023
- 2023Resource-Efficient Fine-Tuning Strategies for Automatic MOS Prediction in Text-to-Speech for Low-Resource Languages30 May 2023
- 2023Personalized Audio Quality Preference Prediction16 Feb 2023
- 2023MooseNet: A Trainable Metric for Synthesized Speech with a PLDA Module17 Jan 2023
- 2022Investigating Content-Aware Neural Text-To-Speech MOS Prediction Using Prosodic and Linguistic Features1 Nov 2022
- 2022SQuId: Measuring Speech Naturalness in Many Languages12 Oct 2022
- 2022Comparison of Speech Representations for the MOS Prediction System28 Jun 2022
- 2022Wideband Audio Waveform Evaluation Networks: Efficient, Accurate Estimation of Speech Qualities27 Jun 2022
- 2022Transcormer: Transformer for Sentence Scoring with Sliding Language Modeling25 May 2022
- 2022NaturalSpeech: End-to-End Text to Speech Synthesis with Human-Level Quality9 May 2022
- 2022Improving Self-Supervised Learning-based MOS Prediction Networks23 Apr 2022
- 2022MTI-Net: A Multi-Target Speech Intelligibility Prediction Model7 Apr 2022
- 2022DDOS: A MOS Prediction Framework utilizing Domain Adaptive Pre-training and Distribution of Opinion Scores7 Apr 2022
- 2022SOMOS: The Samsung Open MOS Dataset for the Evaluation of Neural Text-to-Speech Synthesis6 Apr 2022
- 2022ECAPA-TDNN for Multi-speaker Text-to-speech Synthesis20 Mar 2022
- 2022DiffGAN-TTS: High-Fidelity and Efficient Text-to-Speech with Denoising Diffusion GANs28 Jan 2022
- 2021HASA-net: A non-intrusive hearing-aid speech assessment network10 Nov 2021
- 2021Meta-TTS: Meta-Learning for Few-Shot Speaker Adaptive Text-to-Speech7 Nov 2021
- 2021InQSS: a speech intelligibility and quality assessment model using a multi-task learning network4 Nov 2021
- 2021Deep Learning-based Non-Intrusive Multi-Objective Speech Assessment Model with Cross-Domain Features3 Nov 2021
- 2021LDNet: Unified Listener Dependent Modeling in MOS Prediction for Synthetic Speech18 Oct 2021
- 2021SVSNet: An End-to-end Speaker Voice Similarity Assessment Model20 Jul 2021
- 2021Utilizing Self-supervised Representations for MOS Prediction7 Apr 2021
- 2022NaturalSpeech: End-to-End Text to Speech Synthesis with Human-Level Qualitycited by 151
- 2021Deep Learning-based Non-Intrusive Multi-Objective Speech Assessment Model with Cross-Domain Featurescited by 32
- 2021LDNet: Unified Listener Dependent Modeling in MOS Prediction for Synthetic Speechcited by 24
- 2021Meta-TTS: Meta-Learning for Few-Shot Speaker Adaptive Text-to-Speechcited by 22
- 2021Utilizing Self-supervised Representations for MOS Predictioncited by 20
- 2022SOMOS: The Samsung Open MOS Dataset for the Evaluation of Neural Text-to-Speech Synthesiscited by 18
- 2022SQuId: Measuring Speech Naturalness in Many Languagescited by 10
- 2022Transcormer: Transformer for Sentence Scoring with Sliding Language Modelingcited by 8
- 2021InQSS: a speech intelligibility and quality assessment model using a multi-task learning networkcited by 7
- 2022DDOS: A MOS Prediction Framework utilizing Domain Adaptive Pre-training and Distribution of Opinion Scorescited by 7
- 2023MOSPC: MOS Prediction Based on Pairwise Comparisoncited by 7
- 2024Self-Supervised Speech Quality Estimation and Enhancement Using Only Clean Speechcited by 7
12 most cited of 35 All 35 (JSON)
- 2026Listening Like a Judge: A Music-Aware Framework for Automatic Singing Performance Evaluation24 Jun 2026
- 2026DeRA-MOS: Optimizing Text-to-Music Evaluation via Decoupled Listwise Ranking and Modality Alignment8 Jun 2026
- 2026Beyond the Mean: Modelling Annotation Distributions in Continuous Affect Prediction8 Apr 2026
- 2026Bottleneck Transformer-Based Approach for Improved Automatic STOI Score Prediction17 Feb 2026
- 2025ORCA: Open-ended Response Correctness Assessment for Audio Question Answering28 Nov 2025
- 2025Improving Perceptual Audio Aesthetic Assessment via Triplet Loss and Self-Supervised Embeddings3 Sep 2025
- 2025JSQA: Speech Quality Assessment with Perceptually-Inspired Contrastive Pretraining Based on JND Audio Pairs15 Jul 2025
- 2025SALF-MOS: Speaker Agnostic Latent Features Downsampled for MOS Prediction2 Jun 2025
- 2025APG-MOS: Auditory Perception Guided-MOS Predictor for Synthetic Speech29 Apr 2025
- 2024Self-Supervised Speech Quality Estimation and Enhancement Using Only Clean Speech26 Feb 2024
- 2023It HAS to be Subjective: Human Annotator Simulation via Zero-shot Density Estimation30 Sep 2023
- 2023Non-Intrusive Speech Intelligibility Prediction for Hearing Aids using Whisper and Metadata18 Sep 2023
12 newest of 35 All 35 (JSON)