mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Local Competition and Stochasticity for Adversarial Robustness in Deep Learning

arXiv 2101.01121 ↗First posted 4 Jan 2021cs.LG stat.MLcited by 12

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Abstract (arXiv)

This work addresses adversarial robustness in deep learning by considering deep networks with stochastic local winner-takes-all (LWTA) activations. This type of network units result in sparse representations from each model layer, as the units are organized in blocks where only one unit generates a non-zero output. The main operating principle of the introduced units lies on stochastic arguments, as the network performs posterior sampling over competing units to select the winner. We combine these LWTA arguments with tools from the field of Bayesian non-parametrics, specifically the stick-breaking construction of the Indian Buffet Process, to allow for inferring the sub-part of each layer that is essential for modeling the data at hand. Then, inference is performed by means of stochastic variational Bayes. We perform a thorough experimental evaluation of our model using benchmark datasets. As we show, our method achieves high robustness to adversarial perturbations, with state-of-the-art performance in powerful adversarial attack schemes.

Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 47 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Jan 2021.

Builds on

24 of 47 references.

References · 24

  1. 2014Explaining and Harnessing Adversarial Examplescited by 7,287
  2. 2017Towards Deep Learning Models Resistant to Adversarial Attackscited by 6,326
  3. 2013Auto-Encoding Variational Bayescited by 3,980
  4. 2016Adversarial examples in the physical worldcited by 1,762
  5. 2015DeepFool: a simple and accurate method to fool deep neural networkscited by 1,315
  6. 2016The Concrete Distribution: A Continuous Relaxation of Discrete Random Variablescited by 1,135
  7. 2016Practical Black-Box Attacks against Machine Learningcited by 893
  8. 2017Ensemble Adversarial Training: Attacks and Defensescited by 833
  9. 2017Countering Adversarial Images using Input Transformationscited by 517
  10. 2017Mitigating Adversarial Effects Through Randomizationcited by 382
  11. 2016Learning from Simulated and Unsupervised Images through Adversarial Trainingcited by 287
  12. 2017PixelDefend: Leveraging Generative Models to Understand and Defend against Adversarial Examplescited by 243
12 more
  1. 2015DeepDriving: Learning Affordance for Direct Perception in Autonomous Drivingcited by 229
  2. 2018Stochastic Activation Pruning for Robust Adversarial Defensecited by 171
  3. 2018Deflecting Adversarial Attacks with Pixel Deflectioncited by 71
  4. 2019The Limitations of Adversarial Training and the Blind-Spot Attackcited by 63
  5. 2019Black-box Adversarial Attacks on Video Recognition Modelscited by 58
  6. 2017APE-GAN: Adversarial Perturbation Elimination with GANcited by 57
  7. 2017The Robust Manifold Defense: Adversarial Training using Generative Modelscited by 35
  8. 2020Hold me tight! Influence of discriminative features on deep network boundariescited by 31
  9. 2020Optimism in the Face of Adversity: Understanding and Improving Deep Learning through Adversarial Robustnesscited by 28
  10. 2018Nonparametric Bayesian Deep Networks with Local Competitioncited by 17
  11. 2019Simple Physical Adversarial Examples against End-to-End Autonomous Driving Modelscited by 17
  12. 2018VectorDefense: Vectorization as a Defense to Adversarial Examplescited by 6

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Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 3; 2023: 4; 2024: 1; 2025: 2.

12 papers.