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Learning Certified Control using Contraction Metric

arXiv 2011.12569 ↗First posted 25 Nov 2020cs.RO cs.SY eess.SYcited by 48

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Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we solve the problem of finding a certified control policy that drives a robot from any given initial state and under any bounded disturbance to the desired reference trajectory, with guarantees on the convergence or bounds on the tracking error. Such a controller is crucial in safe motion planning. We leverage the advanced theory in Control Contraction Metric and design a learning framework based on neural networks to co-synthesize the contraction metric and the controller for control-affine systems. We further provide methods to validate the convergence and bounded error guarantees. We demonstrate the performance of our method using a suite of challenging robotic models, including models with learned dynamics as neural networks. We compare our approach with leading methods using sum-of-squares programming, reinforcement learning, and model predictive control. Results show that our methods indeed can handle a broader class of systems with less tracking error and faster execution speed. Code is available at https://github.com/sundw2014/C3M.

Key facts. Cited by 48 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 25 Nov 2020.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 10; 2022: 8; 2023: 8; 2024: 7; 2025: 11; 2026: 4.

48 papers.

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  1. 2021Adaptive-Control-Oriented Meta-Learning for Nonlinear Systemscited by 38
  2. 2024Lyapunov-stable Neural Control for State and Output Feedback: A Novel Formulationcited by 23
  3. 2022Learning Control Policies for Stochastic Systems with Reach-avoid Guaranteescited by 21
  4. 2021Learning Robust Output Control Barrier Functions from Safe Expert Demonstrationscited by 19
  5. 2022Safe Output Feedback Motion Planning from Images via Learned Perception Modules and Contraction Theorycited by 18
  6. 2022Backward Reachability Analysis of Neural Feedback Loops: Techniques for Linear and Nonlinear Systemscited by 18
  7. 2022SABLAS: Learning Safe Control for Black-box Dynamical Systemscited by 17
  8. 2022Control-oriented meta-learningcited by 17
  9. 2021Neural Termination Analysiscited by 16
  10. 2024Neural Contractive Dynamical Systemscited by 14
  11. 2024How Generalizable Is My Behavior Cloning Policy? A Statistical Approach to Trustworthy Performance Evaluationcited by 14
  12. 2021Learning-based Robust Motion Planning with Guaranteed Stability: A Contraction Theory Approachcited by 13
36 more
  1. 2021Model Error Propagation via Learned Contraction Metrics for Safe Feedback Motion Planning of Unknown Systemscited by 13
  2. 2023Tensor-Compressed Back-Propagation-Free Training for (Physics-Informed) Neural Networkscited by 12
  3. 2023Compositional Policy Learning in Stochastic Control Systems with Formal Guaranteescited by 12
  4. 2022Conformal Methods for Quantifying Uncertainty in Spatiotemporal Data: A Surveycited by 11
  5. 2022Statistical Safety and Robustness Guarantees for Feedback Motion Planning of Unknown Underactuated Stochastic Systemscited by 11
  6. 2023Neural Abstractionscited by 11
  7. 2024Learning Neural Contracting Dynamics: Extended Linearization and Global Guaranteescited by 11
  8. 2023State-Wise Safe Reinforcement Learning With Pixel Observationscited by 9
  9. 2025Predictability Enables Parallelization of Nonlinear State Space Modelscited by 7
  10. 2021A Theoretical Overview of Neural Contraction Metrics for Learning-based Control with Guaranteed Stabilitycited by 6
  11. 2023Data-Driven Control with Inherent Lyapunov Stabilitycited by 6
  12. 2025Two-Stage Learning of Stabilizing Neural Controllers via Zubov Sampling and Iterative Domain Expansioncited by 6
  13. 2021Scalable Synthesis of Verified Controllers in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
  14. 2022Model-free Neural Lyapunov Control for Safe Robot Navigationcited by 5
  15. 2023Learning Control-Oriented Dynamical Structure from Datacited by 5
  16. 2024Efficient Motion Planning for Manipulators with Control Barrier Function-Induced Neural Controllercited by 5
  17. 2025Neural Contraction Metrics with Formal Guarantees for Discrete-Time Nonlinear Dynamical Systemscited by 5
  18. 2024Neural Continuous-Time Supermartingale Certificatescited by 4
  19. 2021Learning Contraction Policies from Offline Datacited by 3
  20. 2025Ultra Memory-Efficient On-FPGA Training of Transformers via Tensor-Compressed Optimizationcited by 3
  21. 2025Estimating Control Barriers from Offline Datacited by 3
  22. 2025Off Policy Lyapunov Stability in Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
  23. 2021Learning-based Adaptive Control using Contraction Theorycited by 1
  24. 2023Hybrid Systems Neural Control with Region-of-Attraction Plannercited by 1
  25. 2023Stable Modular Control via Contraction Theory for Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
  26. 2024Extended Neural Contractive Dynamical Systems: On Multiple Tasks and Riemannian Safety Regionscited by 1
  27. 2025Learning Verifiable Control Policies Using Relaxed Verificationcited by 1
  28. 2025Diffeomorphic Obstacle Avoidance for Contractive Dynamical Systems via Implicit Representationscited by 1
  29. 2026The FABRIC Strategy for Verifying Neural Feedback Systemscited by 1
  30. 2026Bridging Control with Neural Network Verifier alpha-beta-CROWN: A Tutorialcited by 1
  31. 2021Guaranteed Trajectory Tracking under Learned Dynamics with Contraction Metrics and Disturbance Estimationcited by 0
  32. 2025Contraction-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Nonlinear Control with Statistical Robustnesscited by 0
  33. 2025Formal Verification of Neural Certificates Done Dynamicallycited by 0
  34. 2025Verifying Closed-Loop Contractivity of Learning-Based Controllers via Partitioningcited by 0
  35. 2026Statistical Contraction for Chance-Constrained Trajectory Optimization of Non-Gaussian Stochastic Systemscited by 0
  36. 2026Lyapunov Guidance: A Unified Framework for Stabilizing Generative Flowscited by 0