Learning Certified Control using Contraction Metric
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we solve the problem of finding a certified control policy that drives a robot from any given initial state and under any bounded disturbance to the desired reference trajectory, with guarantees on the convergence or bounds on the tracking error. Such a controller is crucial in safe motion planning. We leverage the advanced theory in Control Contraction Metric and design a learning framework based on neural networks to co-synthesize the contraction metric and the controller for control-affine systems. We further provide methods to validate the convergence and bounded error guarantees. We demonstrate the performance of our method using a suite of challenging robotic models, including models with learned dynamics as neural networks. We compare our approach with leading methods using sum-of-squares programming, reinforcement learning, and model predictive control. Results show that our methods indeed can handle a broader class of systems with less tracking error and faster execution speed. Code is available at https://github.com/sundw2014/C3M.
Key facts. Cited by 48 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 25 Nov 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 10; 2022: 8; 2023: 8; 2024: 7; 2025: 11; 2026: 4.
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- 2021Adaptive-Control-Oriented Meta-Learning for Nonlinear Systemscited by 38
- 2024Lyapunov-stable Neural Control for State and Output Feedback: A Novel Formulationcited by 23
- 2022Learning Control Policies for Stochastic Systems with Reach-avoid Guaranteescited by 21
- 2021Learning Robust Output Control Barrier Functions from Safe Expert Demonstrationscited by 19
- 2022Safe Output Feedback Motion Planning from Images via Learned Perception Modules and Contraction Theorycited by 18
- 2022Backward Reachability Analysis of Neural Feedback Loops: Techniques for Linear and Nonlinear Systemscited by 18
- 2022SABLAS: Learning Safe Control for Black-box Dynamical Systemscited by 17
- 2022Control-oriented meta-learningcited by 17
- 2021Neural Termination Analysiscited by 16
- 2024Neural Contractive Dynamical Systemscited by 14
- 2024How Generalizable Is My Behavior Cloning Policy? A Statistical Approach to Trustworthy Performance Evaluationcited by 14
- 2021Learning-based Robust Motion Planning with Guaranteed Stability: A Contraction Theory Approachcited by 13
36 more
- 2021Model Error Propagation via Learned Contraction Metrics for Safe Feedback Motion Planning of Unknown Systemscited by 13
- 2023Tensor-Compressed Back-Propagation-Free Training for (Physics-Informed) Neural Networkscited by 12
- 2023Compositional Policy Learning in Stochastic Control Systems with Formal Guaranteescited by 12
- 2022Conformal Methods for Quantifying Uncertainty in Spatiotemporal Data: A Surveycited by 11
- 2022Statistical Safety and Robustness Guarantees for Feedback Motion Planning of Unknown Underactuated Stochastic Systemscited by 11
- 2023Neural Abstractionscited by 11
- 2024Learning Neural Contracting Dynamics: Extended Linearization and Global Guaranteescited by 11
- 2023State-Wise Safe Reinforcement Learning With Pixel Observationscited by 9
- 2025Predictability Enables Parallelization of Nonlinear State Space Modelscited by 7
- 2021A Theoretical Overview of Neural Contraction Metrics for Learning-based Control with Guaranteed Stabilitycited by 6
- 2023Data-Driven Control with Inherent Lyapunov Stabilitycited by 6
- 2025Two-Stage Learning of Stabilizing Neural Controllers via Zubov Sampling and Iterative Domain Expansioncited by 6
- 2021Scalable Synthesis of Verified Controllers in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
- 2022Model-free Neural Lyapunov Control for Safe Robot Navigationcited by 5
- 2023Learning Control-Oriented Dynamical Structure from Datacited by 5
- 2024Efficient Motion Planning for Manipulators with Control Barrier Function-Induced Neural Controllercited by 5
- 2025Neural Contraction Metrics with Formal Guarantees for Discrete-Time Nonlinear Dynamical Systemscited by 5
- 2024Neural Continuous-Time Supermartingale Certificatescited by 4
- 2021Learning Contraction Policies from Offline Datacited by 3
- 2025Ultra Memory-Efficient On-FPGA Training of Transformers via Tensor-Compressed Optimizationcited by 3
- 2025Estimating Control Barriers from Offline Datacited by 3
- 2025Off Policy Lyapunov Stability in Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2021Learning-based Adaptive Control using Contraction Theorycited by 1
- 2023Hybrid Systems Neural Control with Region-of-Attraction Plannercited by 1
- 2023Stable Modular Control via Contraction Theory for Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2024Extended Neural Contractive Dynamical Systems: On Multiple Tasks and Riemannian Safety Regionscited by 1
- 2025Learning Verifiable Control Policies Using Relaxed Verificationcited by 1
- 2025Diffeomorphic Obstacle Avoidance for Contractive Dynamical Systems via Implicit Representationscited by 1
- 2026The FABRIC Strategy for Verifying Neural Feedback Systemscited by 1
- 2026Bridging Control with Neural Network Verifier alpha-beta-CROWN: A Tutorialcited by 1
- 2021Guaranteed Trajectory Tracking under Learned Dynamics with Contraction Metrics and Disturbance Estimationcited by 0
- 2025Contraction-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Nonlinear Control with Statistical Robustnesscited by 0
- 2025Formal Verification of Neural Certificates Done Dynamicallycited by 0
- 2025Verifying Closed-Loop Contractivity of Learning-Based Controllers via Partitioningcited by 0
- 2026Statistical Contraction for Chance-Constrained Trajectory Optimization of Non-Gaussian Stochastic Systemscited by 0
- 2026Lyapunov Guidance: A Unified Framework for Stabilizing Generative Flowscited by 0
- 2026Lyapunov Guidance: A Unified Framework for Stabilizing Generative Flows15 Jul 2026
- 2026Bridging Control with Neural Network Verifier alpha-beta-CROWN: A Tutorial26 May 2026
- 2026The FABRIC Strategy for Verifying Neural Feedback Systems9 Mar 2026
- 2026Statistical Contraction for Chance-Constrained Trajectory Optimization of Non-Gaussian Stochastic Systems7 Mar 2026
- 2025Verifying Closed-Loop Contractivity of Learning-Based Controllers via Partitioning1 Dec 2025
- 2025Off Policy Lyapunov Stability in Reinforcement Learning11 Sep 2025
- 2025Predictability Enables Parallelization of Nonlinear State Space Models22 Aug 2025
- 2025Formal Verification of Neural Certificates Done Dynamically16 Jul 2025
- 2025Two-Stage Learning of Stabilizing Neural Controllers via Zubov Sampling and Iterative Domain Expansion2 Jun 2025
- 2025Contraction-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Nonlinear Control with Statistical Robustness28 May 2025
- 2025Diffeomorphic Obstacle Avoidance for Contractive Dynamical Systems via Implicit Representations26 Apr 2025
- 2025Neural Contraction Metrics with Formal Guarantees for Discrete-Time Nonlinear Dynamical Systems23 Apr 2025
36 more
- 2025Learning Verifiable Control Policies Using Relaxed Verification23 Apr 2025
- 2025Estimating Control Barriers from Offline Data21 Feb 2025
- 2025Ultra Memory-Efficient On-FPGA Training of Transformers via Tensor-Compressed Optimization11 Jan 2025
- 2024Neural Continuous-Time Supermartingale Certificates23 Dec 2024
- 2024Extended Neural Contractive Dynamical Systems: On Multiple Tasks and Riemannian Safety Regions18 Nov 2024
- 2024How Generalizable Is My Behavior Cloning Policy? A Statistical Approach to Trustworthy Performance Evaluation8 May 2024
- 2024Lyapunov-stable Neural Control for State and Output Feedback: A Novel Formulation11 Apr 2024
- 2024Efficient Motion Planning for Manipulators with Control Barrier Function-Induced Neural Controller1 Apr 2024
- 2024Learning Neural Contracting Dynamics: Extended Linearization and Global Guarantees12 Feb 2024
- 2024Neural Contractive Dynamical Systems17 Jan 2024
- 2023Compositional Policy Learning in Stochastic Control Systems with Formal Guarantees3 Dec 2023
- 2023Stable Modular Control via Contraction Theory for Reinforcement Learning7 Nov 2023
- 2023State-Wise Safe Reinforcement Learning With Pixel Observations3 Nov 2023
- 2023Tensor-Compressed Back-Propagation-Free Training for (Physics-Informed) Neural Networks18 Aug 2023
- 2023Hybrid Systems Neural Control with Region-of-Attraction Planner18 Mar 2023
- 2023Data-Driven Control with Inherent Lyapunov Stability6 Mar 2023
- 2023Learning Control-Oriented Dynamical Structure from Data6 Feb 2023
- 2023Neural Abstractions27 Jan 2023
- 2022Statistical Safety and Robustness Guarantees for Feedback Motion Planning of Unknown Underactuated Stochastic Systems13 Dec 2022
- 2022Learning Control Policies for Stochastic Systems with Reach-avoid Guarantees11 Oct 2022
- 2022Backward Reachability Analysis of Neural Feedback Loops: Techniques for Linear and Nonlinear Systems28 Sep 2022
- 2022Conformal Methods for Quantifying Uncertainty in Spatiotemporal Data: A Survey8 Sep 2022
- 2022Safe Output Feedback Motion Planning from Images via Learned Perception Modules and Contraction Theory14 Jun 2022
- 2022Control-oriented meta-learning14 Apr 2022
- 2022Model-free Neural Lyapunov Control for Safe Robot Navigation2 Mar 2022
- 2022SABLAS: Learning Safe Control for Black-box Dynamical Systems6 Jan 2022
- 2021Guaranteed Trajectory Tracking under Learned Dynamics with Contraction Metrics and Disturbance Estimation15 Dec 2021
- 2021Learning Contraction Policies from Offline Data11 Dec 2021
- 2021Learning Robust Output Control Barrier Functions from Safe Expert Demonstrations18 Nov 2021
- 2021A Theoretical Overview of Neural Contraction Metrics for Learning-based Control with Guaranteed Stability2 Oct 2021
- 2021Scalable Synthesis of Verified Controllers in Deep Reinforcement Learning20 Apr 2021
- 2021Model Error Propagation via Learned Contraction Metrics for Safe Feedback Motion Planning of Unknown Systems18 Apr 2021
- 2021Adaptive-Control-Oriented Meta-Learning for Nonlinear Systems7 Mar 2021
- 2021Learning-based Adaptive Control using Contraction Theory4 Mar 2021
- 2021Learning-based Robust Motion Planning with Guaranteed Stability: A Contraction Theory Approach25 Feb 2021
- 2021Neural Termination Analysis7 Feb 2021
- 2021Adaptive-Control-Oriented Meta-Learning for Nonlinear Systemscited by 38
- 2024Lyapunov-stable Neural Control for State and Output Feedback: A Novel Formulationcited by 23
- 2022Learning Control Policies for Stochastic Systems with Reach-avoid Guaranteescited by 21
- 2021Learning Robust Output Control Barrier Functions from Safe Expert Demonstrationscited by 19
- 2022Safe Output Feedback Motion Planning from Images via Learned Perception Modules and Contraction Theorycited by 18
- 2022Backward Reachability Analysis of Neural Feedback Loops: Techniques for Linear and Nonlinear Systemscited by 18
- 2022SABLAS: Learning Safe Control for Black-box Dynamical Systemscited by 17
- 2022Control-oriented meta-learningcited by 17
- 2021Neural Termination Analysiscited by 16
- 2024Neural Contractive Dynamical Systemscited by 14
- 2021Learning-based Robust Motion Planning with Guaranteed Stability: A Contraction Theory Approachcited by 13
- 2021Model Error Propagation via Learned Contraction Metrics for Safe Feedback Motion Planning of Unknown Systemscited by 13
12 most cited of 46 All 46 (JSON)
- 2026Bridging Control with Neural Network Verifier alpha-beta-CROWN: A Tutorial26 May 2026
- 2026The FABRIC Strategy for Verifying Neural Feedback Systems9 Mar 2026
- 2026Statistical Contraction for Chance-Constrained Trajectory Optimization of Non-Gaussian Stochastic Systems7 Mar 2026
- 2025Verifying Closed-Loop Contractivity of Learning-Based Controllers via Partitioning1 Dec 2025
- 2025Off Policy Lyapunov Stability in Reinforcement Learning11 Sep 2025
- 2025Predictability Enables Parallelization of Nonlinear State Space Models22 Aug 2025
- 2025Formal Verification of Neural Certificates Done Dynamically16 Jul 2025
- 2025Two-Stage Learning of Stabilizing Neural Controllers via Zubov Sampling and Iterative Domain Expansion2 Jun 2025
- 2025Contraction-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Nonlinear Control with Statistical Robustness28 May 2025
- 2025Diffeomorphic Obstacle Avoidance for Contractive Dynamical Systems via Implicit Representations26 Apr 2025
- 2025Neural Contraction Metrics with Formal Guarantees for Discrete-Time Nonlinear Dynamical Systems23 Apr 2025
- 2025Learning Verifiable Control Policies Using Relaxed Verification23 Apr 2025
12 newest of 46 All 46 (JSON)