Fighting an Infodemic: COVID-19 Fake News Dataset
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Abstract (arXiv)
Along with COVID-19 pandemic we are also fighting an `infodemic'. Fake news and rumors are rampant on social media. Believing in rumors can cause significant harm. This is further exacerbated at the time of a pandemic. To tackle this, we curate and release a manually annotated dataset of 10,700 social media posts and articles of real and fake news on COVID-19. We benchmark the annotated dataset with four machine learning baselines - Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, Gradient Boost, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). We obtain the best performance of 93.46% F1-score with SVM. The data and code is available at: https://github.com/parthpatwa/covid19-fake-news-dectection
Key facts. Cited by 82 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 6 Nov 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 36; 2022: 13; 2023: 12; 2024: 8; 2025: 8; 2026: 5.
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- 2021X-FACT: A New Benchmark Dataset for Multilingual Fact Checkingcited by 90
- 2021A Survey on Multimodal Disinformation Detectioncited by 47
- 2022Missing Counter-Evidence Renders NLP Fact-Checking Unrealistic for Misinformationcited by 45
- 2024Evidence-Driven Retrieval Augmented Response Generation for Online Misinformationcited by 32
- 2021COSMOS: Catching Out-of-Context Misinformation with Self-Supervised Learningcited by 26
- 2023Factify 2: A Multimodal Fake News and Satire News Datasetcited by 23
- 2024Evidence-backed Fact Checking using RAG and Few-Shot In-Context Learning with LLMscited by 23
- 2023Emotion Detection for Misinformation: A Reviewcited by 20
- 2021Combat COVID-19 Infodemic Using Explainable Natural Language Processing Modelscited by 17
- 2021Evaluating Deep Learning Approaches for Covid19 Fake News Detectioncited by 16
- 2021Twitter-COMMs: Detecting Climate, COVID, and Military Multimodal Misinformationcited by 16
- 2023FakeGPT: Fake News Generation, Explanation and Detection of Large Language Modelscited by 16
38 more
- 2021Transformer-based Language Model Fine-tuning Methods for COVID-19 Fake News Detectioncited by 15
- 2021Cross-SEAN: A Cross-Stitch Semi-Supervised Neural Attention Model for COVID-19 Fake News Detectioncited by 15
- 2022Contrastive Domain Adaptation for Early Misinformation Detection: A Case Study on COVID-19cited by 15
- 2021Transformer based Automatic COVID-19 Fake News Detection Systemcited by 14
- 2021Knowledge Graph informed Fake News Classification via Heterogeneous Representation Ensemblescited by 14
- 2021Multimodal Fake News Detectioncited by 14
- 2021MMCoVaR: Multimodal COVID-19 Vaccine Focused Data Repository for Fake News Detection and a Baseline Architecture for Classificationcited by 12
- 2022Continuous Detection, Rapidly React: Unseen Rumors Detection based on Continual Prompt-Tuningcited by 12
- 2021Exploring Text-transformers in AAAI 2021 Shared Task: COVID-19 Fake News Detection in Englishcited by 11
- 2021Model Generalization on COVID-19 Fake News Detectioncited by 11
- 2021Dataset of Fake News Detection and Fact Verification: A Surveycited by 11
- 2021A Heuristic-driven Ensemble Framework for COVID-19 Fake News Detectioncited by 10
- 2024TELLER: A Trustworthy Framework for Explainable, Generalizable and Controllable Fake News Detectioncited by 10
- 2022Evaluation of Fake News Detection with Knowledge-Enhanced Language Modelscited by 9
- 2023MetaAdapt: Domain Adaptive Few-Shot Misinformation Detection via Meta Learningcited by 8
- 2023Findings of Factify 2: Multimodal Fake News Detectioncited by 7
- 2021Combating Hostility: Covid-19 Fake News and Hostile Post Detection in Social Mediacited by 6
- 2021Fake News Detection System using XLNet model with Topic Distributions: CONSTRAINT@AAAI2021 Shared Taskcited by 6
- 2024FineFake: A Knowledge-Enriched Dataset for Fine-Grained Multi-Domain Fake News Detectioncited by 6
- 2021Constraint 2021: Machine Learning Models for COVID-19 Fake News Detection Shared Taskcited by 5
- 2021A transformer based approach for fighting COVID-19 fake newscited by 5
- 2021A Heuristic-driven Uncertainty based Ensemble Framework for Fake News Detection in Tweets and News Articlescited by 5
- 2021Mitigation of Diachronic Bias in Fake News Detection Datasetcited by 5
- 2023Characterizing Information Seeking Events in Health-Related Social Discoursecited by 5
- 2021Challenges and Considerations with Code-Mixed NLP for Multilingual Societiescited by 4
- 2022The COVMis-Stance dataset: Stance Detection on Twitter for COVID-19 Misinformationcited by 4
- 2022Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for COVID-19 Information Service with Contrastive Adversarial Domain Mixupcited by 4
- 2023A Revisit of Fake News Dataset with Augmented Fact-checking by ChatGPTcited by 4
- 2025Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanationcited by 4
- 2021TUDublin team at Constraint@AAAI2021 -- COVID19 Fake News Detectioncited by 3
- 2022The use of Data Augmentation as a technique for improving neural network accuracy in detecting fake news about COVID-19cited by 3
- 2025DRES: Fake news detection by dynamic representation and ensemble selectioncited by 3
- 2025A Comprehensive Dataset for Human vs. AI Generated Text Detectioncited by 3
- 2021Identification of COVID-19 related Fake News via Neural Stackingcited by 2
- 2021Hostility Detection and Covid-19 Fake News Detection in Social Mediacited by 2
- 2021AraCOVID19-MFH: Arabic COVID-19 Multi-label Fake News and Hate Speech Detection Datasetcited by 2
- 2022A Comparative Study on COVID-19 Fake News Detection Using Different Transformer Based Modelscited by 2
- 2022CovidMis20: COVID-19 Misinformation Detection System on Twitter Tweets using Deep Learning Modelscited by 2
50 most cited of 82 All 82 (JSON)
- 2026VEX-Bench: Benchmarking Verification Complexity of LLM-Generated Misinformation28 Sep 2026
- 2026A Multi-Branch Feature Fusion Approach for Health Misinformation Detection and Propagation31 Aug 2026
- 2026Memory-First Fact-Checking: A Knowledge-Graph-Grounded Multi-Agent System for Misinformation Detection30 Aug 2026
- 2026BERTopic-Virality Prioritisation: A Scalable Framework for Thematic and Comparative Analysis of COVID-19 and Monkeypox Misinformation on Twitter16 Aug 2026
- 2026An Experimental Comparison of the Most Popular Approaches to Fake News Detection26 Mar 2026
- 2025A Comprehensive Dataset for Human vs. AI Generated Text Detection26 Oct 2025
- 2025Misinformation Detection using Large Language Models with Explainability21 Oct 2025
- 2025Linguistic Patterns in Pandemic-Related Content: A Comparative Analysis of COVID-19, Constraint, and Monkeypox Datasets8 Oct 2025
- 2025DRES: Fake news detection by dynamic representation and ensemble selection21 Sep 2025
- 2025The Psychology of Falsehood: A Human-Centric Survey of Misinformation Detection19 Sep 2025
- 2025Backdoor Samples Detection Based on Perturbation Discrepancy Consistency in Pre-trained Language Models30 Aug 2025
- 2025HSFN: Hierarchical Selection for Fake News Detection building Heterogeneous Ensemble29 Aug 2025
38 more
- 2025Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation29 Jan 2025
- 2024Overview of Factify5WQA: Fact Verification through 5W Question-Answering5 Oct 2024
- 2024Evidence-backed Fact Checking using RAG and Few-Shot In-Context Learning with LLMs22 Aug 2024
- 2024Exploring the Capability of ChatGPT to Reproduce Human Labels for Social Computing Tasks (Extended Version)8 Jul 2024
- 2024LingML: Linguistic-Informed Machine Learning for Enhanced Fake News Detection7 May 2024
- 2024FineFake: A Knowledge-Enriched Dataset for Fine-Grained Multi-Domain Fake News Detection30 Mar 2024
- 2024Evidence-Driven Retrieval Augmented Response Generation for Online Misinformation22 Mar 2024
- 2024Camouflage is all you need: Evaluating and Enhancing Language Model Robustness Against Camouflage Adversarial Attacks15 Feb 2024
- 2024TELLER: A Trustworthy Framework for Explainable, Generalizable and Controllable Fake News Detection12 Feb 2024
- 2023A Revisit of Fake News Dataset with Augmented Fact-checking by ChatGPT19 Dec 2023
- 2023Emotion Detection for Misinformation: A Review1 Nov 2023
- 2023FakeGPT: Fake News Generation, Explanation and Detection of Large Language Models8 Oct 2023
- 2023Written and spoken corpus of real and fake social media postings about COVID-196 Oct 2023
- 2023Characterizing Information Seeking Events in Health-Related Social Discourse17 Aug 2023
- 2023X-CapsNet For Fake News Detection23 Jul 2023
- 2023Findings of Factify 2: Multimodal Fake News Detection19 Jul 2023
- 2023Fake News Detection and Behavioral Analysis: Case of COVID-1925 May 2023
- 2023MetaAdapt: Domain Adaptive Few-Shot Misinformation Detection via Meta Learning22 May 2023
- 2023Examining European Press Coverage of the Covid-19 No-Vax Movement: An NLP Framework29 Apr 2023
- 2023Factify 2: A Multimodal Fake News and Satire News Dataset8 Apr 2023
- 2023Not cool, calm or collected: Using emotional language to detect COVID-19 misinformation27 Mar 2023
- 2022Multiverse: Multilingual Evidence for Fake News Detection25 Nov 2022
- 2022Missing Counter-Evidence Renders NLP Fact-Checking Unrealistic for Misinformation25 Oct 2022
- 2022Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for COVID-19 Information Service with Contrastive Adversarial Domain Mixup6 Oct 2022
- 2022CovidMis20: COVID-19 Misinformation Detection System on Twitter Tweets using Deep Learning Models13 Sep 2022
- 2022Machine Learning-based Automatic Annotation and Detection of COVID-19 Fake News7 Sep 2022
- 2022Contrastive Domain Adaptation for Early Misinformation Detection: A Case Study on COVID-1920 Aug 2022
- 2022A Comparative Study on COVID-19 Fake News Detection Using Different Transformer Based Models2 Aug 2022
- 2022Two-Stage Classifier for COVID-19 Misinformation Detection Using BERT: a Study on Indonesian Tweets30 Jun 2022
- 2022The use of Data Augmentation as a technique for improving neural network accuracy in detecting fake news about COVID-191 May 2022
- 2022User Experience Design for Automatic Credibility Assessment of News Content About COVID-1929 Apr 2022
- 2022The COVMis-Stance dataset: Stance Detection on Twitter for COVID-19 Misinformation5 Apr 2022
- 2022Evaluation of Fake News Detection with Knowledge-Enhanced Language Models1 Apr 2022
- 2022Continuous Detection, Rapidly React: Unseen Rumors Detection based on Continual Prompt-Tuning16 Mar 2022
- 2021Twitter-COMMs: Detecting Climate, COVID, and Military Multimodal Misinformation16 Dec 2021
- 2021Automated Evidence Collection for Fake News Detection13 Dec 2021
- 2021Multimodal Fake News Detection9 Dec 2021
- 2021Human-in-the-Loop Disinformation Detection: Stance, Sentiment, or Something Else?9 Nov 2021
50 newest of 82 All 82 (JSON)
- 2021X-FACT: A New Benchmark Dataset for Multilingual Fact Checkingcited by 90
- 2021A Survey on Multimodal Disinformation Detectioncited by 47
- 2022Missing Counter-Evidence Renders NLP Fact-Checking Unrealistic for Misinformationcited by 45
- 2021COSMOS: Catching Out-of-Context Misinformation with Self-Supervised Learningcited by 26
- 2023Factify 2: A Multimodal Fake News and Satire News Datasetcited by 23
- 2024Evidence-backed Fact Checking using RAG and Few-Shot In-Context Learning with LLMscited by 23
- 2023Emotion Detection for Misinformation: A Reviewcited by 20
- 2021Combat COVID-19 Infodemic Using Explainable Natural Language Processing Modelscited by 17
- 2021Evaluating Deep Learning Approaches for Covid19 Fake News Detectioncited by 16
- 2021Twitter-COMMs: Detecting Climate, COVID, and Military Multimodal Misinformationcited by 16
- 2023FakeGPT: Fake News Generation, Explanation and Detection of Large Language Modelscited by 16
- 2021Transformer-based Language Model Fine-tuning Methods for COVID-19 Fake News Detectioncited by 15
12 most cited of 80 All 80 (JSON)
- 2026VEX-Bench: Benchmarking Verification Complexity of LLM-Generated Misinformation28 Sep 2026
- 2026A Multi-Branch Feature Fusion Approach for Health Misinformation Detection and Propagation31 Aug 2026
- 2026Memory-First Fact-Checking: A Knowledge-Graph-Grounded Multi-Agent System for Misinformation Detection30 Aug 2026
- 2026BERTopic-Virality Prioritisation: A Scalable Framework for Thematic and Comparative Analysis of COVID-19 and Monkeypox Misinformation on Twitter16 Aug 2026
- 2026An Experimental Comparison of the Most Popular Approaches to Fake News Detection26 Mar 2026
- 2025A Comprehensive Dataset for Human vs. AI Generated Text Detection26 Oct 2025
- 2025Misinformation Detection using Large Language Models with Explainability21 Oct 2025
- 2025Linguistic Patterns in Pandemic-Related Content: A Comparative Analysis of COVID-19, Constraint, and Monkeypox Datasets8 Oct 2025
- 2025DRES: Fake news detection by dynamic representation and ensemble selection21 Sep 2025
- 2025The Psychology of Falsehood: A Human-Centric Survey of Misinformation Detection19 Sep 2025
- 2025HSFN: Hierarchical Selection for Fake News Detection building Heterogeneous Ensemble29 Aug 2025
- 2025Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation29 Jan 2025
12 newest of 80 All 80 (JSON)