Exploration in Approximate Hyper-State Space for Meta Reinforcement Learning
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Abstract (arXiv)
To rapidly learn a new task, it is often essential for agents to explore efficiently -- especially when performance matters from the first timestep. One way to learn such behaviour is via meta-learning. Many existing methods however rely on dense rewards for meta-training, and can fail catastrophically if the rewards are sparse. Without a suitable reward signal, the need for exploration during meta-training is exacerbated. To address this, we propose HyperX, which uses novel reward bonuses for meta-training to explore in approximate hyper-state space (where hyper-states represent the environment state and the agent's task belief). We show empirically that HyperX meta-learns better task-exploration and adapts more successfully to new tasks than existing methods.
Key facts. Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 2 Oct 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 5; 2022: 4; 2023: 8; 2024: 7; 2025: 3; 2026: 1.
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- 2024Automated Design of Agentic Systemscited by 360
- 2021A Survey of Zero-shot Generalisation in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 164
- 2024Bridging State and History Representations: Understanding Self-Predictive RLcited by 52
- 2021Augmented World Models Facilitate Zero-Shot Dynamics Generalization From a Single Offline Environmentcited by 41
- 2023AMAGO: Scalable In-Context Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Agentscited by 36
- 2022On the Effectiveness of Fine-tuning Versus Meta-reinforcement Learningcited by 18
- 2023Dynamics Generalisation in Reinforcement Learning via Adaptive Context-Aware Policiescited by 18
- 2024MAMBA: an Effective World Model Approach for Meta-Reinforcement Learningcited by 13
- 2024Active Inference as a Model of Agencycited by 12
- 2024A CMDP-within-online framework for Meta-Safe Reinforcement Learningcited by 12
- 2025Distilling Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for In-Context Model-Based Planningcited by 12
- 2022Distributionally Adaptive Meta Reinforcement Learningcited by 11
16 more
- 2023Meta-Reinforcement Learning Based on Self-Supervised Task Representation Learningcited by 10
- 2023ContraBAR: Contrastive Bayes-Adaptive Deep RLcited by 9
- 2021MetaVIM: Meta Variationally Intrinsic Motivated Reinforcement Learning for Decentralized Traffic Signal Controlcited by 6
- 2022Planning to the Information Horizon of BAMDPs via Epistemic State Abstractioncited by 4
- 2023First-Explore, then Exploit: Meta-Learning to Solve Hard Exploration-Exploitation Trade-Offscited by 4
- 2023Bayesian Exploration Networkscited by 3
- 2024Enabling Adaptive Agent Training in Open-Ended Simulators by Targeting Diversitycited by 3
- 2022BIMRL: Brain Inspired Meta Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2024A Bayesian Solution To The Imitation Gapcited by 2
- 2023Never Explore Repeatedly in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2025Combining Bayesian Inference and Reinforcement Learning for Agent Decision Making: A Reviewcited by 1
- 2021Knowledge is reward: Learning optimal exploration by predictive reward cashingcited by 0
- 2021Reinforcement Learning for Few-Shot Text Generation Adaptationcited by 0
- 2023RL3: Boosting Meta Reinforcement Learning via RL inside RL2cited by 0
- 2025Learning Task Belief Similarity with Latent Dynamics for Meta-Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026Meta-Learning and Meta-Reinforcement Learning -- Tracing the Path towards DeepMind's Adaptive Agentcited by 0
- 2026Meta-Learning and Meta-Reinforcement Learning -- Tracing the Path towards DeepMind's Adaptive Agent23 Feb 2026
- 2025Learning Task Belief Similarity with Latent Dynamics for Meta-Reinforcement Learning24 Jun 2025
- 2025Combining Bayesian Inference and Reinforcement Learning for Agent Decision Making: A Review12 May 2025
- 2025Distilling Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for In-Context Model-Based Planning26 Feb 2025
- 2024Enabling Adaptive Agent Training in Open-Ended Simulators by Targeting Diversity7 Nov 2024
- 2024Automated Design of Agentic Systems15 Aug 2024
- 2024A Bayesian Solution To The Imitation Gap29 Jun 2024
- 2024A CMDP-within-online framework for Meta-Safe Reinforcement Learning26 May 2024
- 2024MAMBA: an Effective World Model Approach for Meta-Reinforcement Learning14 Mar 2024
- 2024Active Inference as a Model of Agency23 Jan 2024
- 2024Bridging State and History Representations: Understanding Self-Predictive RL17 Jan 2024
- 2023Dynamics Generalisation in Reinforcement Learning via Adaptive Context-Aware Policies25 Oct 2023
16 more
- 2023AMAGO: Scalable In-Context Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Agents15 Oct 2023
- 2023Bayesian Exploration Networks24 Aug 2023
- 2023Never Explore Repeatedly in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning19 Aug 2023
- 2023First-Explore, then Exploit: Meta-Learning to Solve Hard Exploration-Exploitation Trade-Offs5 Jul 2023
- 2023RL3: Boosting Meta Reinforcement Learning via RL inside RL228 Jun 2023
- 2023ContraBAR: Contrastive Bayes-Adaptive Deep RL4 Jun 2023
- 2023Meta-Reinforcement Learning Based on Self-Supervised Task Representation Learning29 Apr 2023
- 2022Planning to the Information Horizon of BAMDPs via Epistemic State Abstraction30 Oct 2022
- 2022BIMRL: Brain Inspired Meta Reinforcement Learning29 Oct 2022
- 2022Distributionally Adaptive Meta Reinforcement Learning6 Oct 2022
- 2022On the Effectiveness of Fine-tuning Versus Meta-reinforcement Learning7 Jun 2022
- 2021Reinforcement Learning for Few-Shot Text Generation Adaptation22 Nov 2021
- 2021A Survey of Zero-shot Generalisation in Deep Reinforcement Learning18 Nov 2021
- 2021Knowledge is reward: Learning optimal exploration by predictive reward cashing17 Sep 2021
- 2021Augmented World Models Facilitate Zero-Shot Dynamics Generalization From a Single Offline Environment12 Apr 2021
- 2021MetaVIM: Meta Variationally Intrinsic Motivated Reinforcement Learning for Decentralized Traffic Signal Control4 Jan 2021
- 2024Automated Design of Agentic Systemscited by 360
- 2024Automated Design of Agentic Systems15 Aug 2024
- 2024A Bayesian Solution To The Imitation Gapcited by 2
- 2024A Bayesian Solution To The Imitation Gap29 Jun 2024
- 2021A Survey of Zero-shot Generalisation in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 164
- 2024Bridging State and History Representations: Understanding Self-Predictive RLcited by 52
- 2023AMAGO: Scalable In-Context Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Agentscited by 36
- 2022On the Effectiveness of Fine-tuning Versus Meta-reinforcement Learningcited by 18
- 2023Dynamics Generalisation in Reinforcement Learning via Adaptive Context-Aware Policiescited by 18
- 2024A CMDP-within-online framework for Meta-Safe Reinforcement Learningcited by 12
- 2025Distilling Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for In-Context Model-Based Planningcited by 12
- 2022Distributionally Adaptive Meta Reinforcement Learningcited by 11
- 2023Meta-Reinforcement Learning Based on Self-Supervised Task Representation Learningcited by 10
- 2023ContraBAR: Contrastive Bayes-Adaptive Deep RLcited by 9
- 2021MetaVIM: Meta Variationally Intrinsic Motivated Reinforcement Learning for Decentralized Traffic Signal Controlcited by 6
- 2022Planning to the Information Horizon of BAMDPs via Epistemic State Abstractioncited by 4
12 most cited of 23 All 23 (JSON)
- 2026Meta-Learning and Meta-Reinforcement Learning -- Tracing the Path towards DeepMind's Adaptive Agent23 Feb 2026
- 2025Learning Task Belief Similarity with Latent Dynamics for Meta-Reinforcement Learning24 Jun 2025
- 2025Combining Bayesian Inference and Reinforcement Learning for Agent Decision Making: A Review12 May 2025
- 2025Distilling Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for In-Context Model-Based Planning26 Feb 2025
- 2024Enabling Adaptive Agent Training in Open-Ended Simulators by Targeting Diversity7 Nov 2024
- 2024A CMDP-within-online framework for Meta-Safe Reinforcement Learning26 May 2024
- 2024Bridging State and History Representations: Understanding Self-Predictive RL17 Jan 2024
- 2023Dynamics Generalisation in Reinforcement Learning via Adaptive Context-Aware Policies25 Oct 2023
- 2023AMAGO: Scalable In-Context Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Agents15 Oct 2023
- 2023Bayesian Exploration Networks24 Aug 2023
- 2023Never Explore Repeatedly in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning19 Aug 2023
- 2023First-Explore, then Exploit: Meta-Learning to Solve Hard Exploration-Exploitation Trade-Offs5 Jul 2023
12 newest of 23 All 23 (JSON)