ALONE: A Dataset for Toxic Behavior among Adolescents on Twitter
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Abstract (arXiv)
The convenience of social media has also enabled its misuse, potentially resulting in toxic behavior. Nearly 66% of internet users have observed online harassment, and 41% claim personal experience, with 18% facing severe forms of online harassment. This toxic communication has a significant impact on the well-being of young individuals, affecting mental health and, in some cases, resulting in suicide. These communications exhibit complex linguistic and contextual characteristics, making recognition of such narratives challenging. In this paper, we provide a multimodal dataset of toxic social media interactions between confirmed high school students, called ALONE (AdoLescents ON twittEr), along with descriptive explanation. Each instance of interaction includes tweets, images, emoji and related metadata. Our observations show that individual tweets do not provide sufficient evidence for toxic behavior, and meaningful use of context in interactions can enable highlighting or exonerating tweets with purported toxicity.
Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 14 Aug 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 3; 2023: 4; 2024: 4; 2025: 3; 2026: 1.
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- 2023Improving the Robustness of Transformer-based Large Language Models with Dynamic Attentioncited by 10
- 2024A Piece of Theatre: Investigating How Teachers Design LLM Chatbots to Assist Adolescent Cyberbullying Educationcited by 10
- 2022A Large-Scale Dataset of Twitter Chatter about Online Learning during the Current COVID-19 Omicron Wavecited by 8
- 2025Pragmatic Inference Chain (PIC) Improving LLMs' Reasoning of Authentic Implicit Toxic Languagecited by 8
- 2022An Exploratory Study of Tweets about the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant: Insights from Sentiment Analysis, Language Interpretation, Source Tracking, Type Classification, and Embedded URL Detectioncited by 7
- 2021Hostility Detection in Hindi leveraging Pre-Trained Language Modelscited by 6
- 2023DiffuDetox: A Mixed Diffusion Model for Text Detoxificationcited by 6
- 2023Hateful Messages: A Conversational Data Set of Hate Speech produced by Adolescents on Discordcited by 3
- 2022SOLD: Sinhala Offensive Language Datasetcited by 2
- 2025Playing Devil's Advocate: Unmasking Toxicity and Vulnerabilities in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 2
- 2021Divide and Conquer: An Ensemble Approach for Hostile Post Detection in Hindicited by 0
- 2023On the Challenges of Building Datasets for Hate Speech Detectioncited by 0
5 more
- 2024The Unappreciated Role of Intent in Algorithmic Moderation of Social Media Contentcited by 0
- 2024WarCov -- Large multilabel and multimodal dataset from social platformcited by 0
- 2024Characterizing Online Toxicity During the 2022 Mpox Outbreak: A Computational Analysis of Topical and Network Dynamicscited by 0
- 2025Web(er) of Hate: A Survey on How Hate Speech Is Typedcited by 0
- 2026"bot lane noob" Towards Deployment of NLP-based Toxicity Detectors in Video Gamescited by 0
- 2026"bot lane noob" Towards Deployment of NLP-based Toxicity Detectors in Video Games11 Apr 2026
- 2025Web(er) of Hate: A Survey on How Hate Speech Is Typed19 Jun 2025
- 2025Pragmatic Inference Chain (PIC) Improving LLMs' Reasoning of Authentic Implicit Toxic Language3 Mar 2025
- 2025Playing Devil's Advocate: Unmasking Toxicity and Vulnerabilities in Large Vision-Language Models14 Jan 2025
- 2024Characterizing Online Toxicity During the 2022 Mpox Outbreak: A Computational Analysis of Topical and Network Dynamics21 Aug 2024
- 2024WarCov -- Large multilabel and multimodal dataset from social platform10 Jun 2024
- 2024The Unappreciated Role of Intent in Algorithmic Moderation of Social Media Content17 May 2024
- 2024A Piece of Theatre: Investigating How Teachers Design LLM Chatbots to Assist Adolescent Cyberbullying Education27 Feb 2024
- 2023Improving the Robustness of Transformer-based Large Language Models with Dynamic Attention29 Nov 2023
- 2023On the Challenges of Building Datasets for Hate Speech Detection6 Sep 2023
- 2023Hateful Messages: A Conversational Data Set of Hate Speech produced by Adolescents on Discord4 Sep 2023
- 2023DiffuDetox: A Mixed Diffusion Model for Text Detoxification14 Jun 2023
5 more
- 2022SOLD: Sinhala Offensive Language Dataset1 Dec 2022
- 2022An Exploratory Study of Tweets about the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant: Insights from Sentiment Analysis, Language Interpretation, Source Tracking, Type Classification, and Embedded URL Detection20 Jul 2022
- 2022A Large-Scale Dataset of Twitter Chatter about Online Learning during the Current COVID-19 Omicron Wave20 Jul 2022
- 2021Divide and Conquer: An Ensemble Approach for Hostile Post Detection in Hindi20 Jan 2021
- 2021Hostility Detection in Hindi leveraging Pre-Trained Language Models14 Jan 2021
- 2023DiffuDetox: A Mixed Diffusion Model for Text Detoxification14 Jun 2023
- 2023Improving the Robustness of Transformer-based Large Language Models with Dynamic Attentioncited by 10
- 2024A Piece of Theatre: Investigating How Teachers Design LLM Chatbots to Assist Adolescent Cyberbullying Educationcited by 10
- 2022A Large-Scale Dataset of Twitter Chatter about Online Learning during the Current COVID-19 Omicron Wavecited by 8
- 2022An Exploratory Study of Tweets about the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant: Insights from Sentiment Analysis, Language Interpretation, Source Tracking, Type Classification, and Embedded URL Detectioncited by 7
- 2021Hostility Detection in Hindi leveraging Pre-Trained Language Modelscited by 6
- 2023Hateful Messages: A Conversational Data Set of Hate Speech produced by Adolescents on Discordcited by 3
- 2022SOLD: Sinhala Offensive Language Datasetcited by 2
- 2021Divide and Conquer: An Ensemble Approach for Hostile Post Detection in Hindicited by 0
- 2023On the Challenges of Building Datasets for Hate Speech Detectioncited by 0
- 2024The Unappreciated Role of Intent in Algorithmic Moderation of Social Media Contentcited by 0
- 2024WarCov -- Large multilabel and multimodal dataset from social platformcited by 0
- 2024Characterizing Online Toxicity During the 2022 Mpox Outbreak: A Computational Analysis of Topical and Network Dynamicscited by 0
12 most cited of 14 All 14 (JSON)
- 2026"bot lane noob" Towards Deployment of NLP-based Toxicity Detectors in Video Games11 Apr 2026
- 2025Web(er) of Hate: A Survey on How Hate Speech Is Typed19 Jun 2025
- 2024Characterizing Online Toxicity During the 2022 Mpox Outbreak: A Computational Analysis of Topical and Network Dynamics21 Aug 2024
- 2024WarCov -- Large multilabel and multimodal dataset from social platform10 Jun 2024
- 2024The Unappreciated Role of Intent in Algorithmic Moderation of Social Media Content17 May 2024
- 2024A Piece of Theatre: Investigating How Teachers Design LLM Chatbots to Assist Adolescent Cyberbullying Education27 Feb 2024
- 2023Improving the Robustness of Transformer-based Large Language Models with Dynamic Attention29 Nov 2023
- 2023On the Challenges of Building Datasets for Hate Speech Detection6 Sep 2023
- 2023Hateful Messages: A Conversational Data Set of Hate Speech produced by Adolescents on Discord4 Sep 2023
- 2022SOLD: Sinhala Offensive Language Dataset1 Dec 2022
- 2022An Exploratory Study of Tweets about the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant: Insights from Sentiment Analysis, Language Interpretation, Source Tracking, Type Classification, and Embedded URL Detection20 Jul 2022
- 2022A Large-Scale Dataset of Twitter Chatter about Online Learning during the Current COVID-19 Omicron Wave20 Jul 2022
12 newest of 14 All 14 (JSON)