PP-YOLO: An Effective and Efficient Implementation of Object Detector
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Object detection is one of the most important areas in computer vision, which plays a key role in various practical scenarios. Due to limitation of hardware, it is often necessary to sacrifice accuracy to ensure the infer speed of the detector in practice. Therefore, the balance between effectiveness and efficiency of object detector must be considered. The goal of this paper is to implement an object detector with relatively balanced effectiveness and efficiency that can be directly applied in actual application scenarios, rather than propose a novel detection model. Considering that YOLOv3 has been widely used in practice, we develop a new object detector based on YOLOv3. We mainly try to combine various existing tricks that almost not increase the number of model parameters and FLOPs, to achieve the goal of improving the accuracy of detector as much as possible while ensuring that the speed is almost unchanged. Since all experiments in this paper are conducted based on PaddlePaddle, we call it PP-YOLO. By combining multiple tricks, PP-YOLO can achieve a better balance between effectiveness (45.2% mAP) and efficiency (72.9 FPS), surpassing the existing state-of-the-art detectors such as EfficientDet and YOLOv4.Source code is at https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleDetection.
Key facts. Cited by 44 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 23 Jul 2020.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 6; 2022: 9; 2023: 10; 2024: 13; 2025: 4; 2026: 2.
44 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2023DETRs Beat YOLOs on Real-time Object Detectioncited by 526
- 2024YOLO-World: Real-Time Open-Vocabulary Object Detectioncited by 498
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of YOLO Architectures in Computer Vision: From YOLOv1 to YOLOv8 and YOLO-NAScited by 149
- 2022PP-YOLOE: An evolved version of YOLOcited by 75
- 2022Remote Sensing Cross-Modal Text-Image Retrieval Based on Global and Local Informationcited by 40
- 2024RT-DETRv3: Real-time End-to-End Object Detection with Hierarchical Dense Positive Supervisioncited by 31
- 2021PP-YOLOv2: A Practical Object Detectorcited by 30
- 2023Wise-IoU: Bounding Box Regression Loss with Dynamic Focusing Mechanismcited by 30
- 2023A Survey on Deep Learning-Based Monocular Spacecraft Pose Estimation: Current State, Limitations and Prospectscited by 30
- 2025Real-Time Object Detection Meets DINOv3cited by 26
- 2021PP-PicoDet: A Better Real-Time Object Detector on Mobile Devicescited by 25
- 2021Domain Adaptive YOLO for One-Stage Cross-Domain Detectioncited by 22
32 more
- 2024Real-time Transformer-based Open-Vocabulary Detection with Efficient Fusion Headcited by 19
- 2023Cascaded Zoom-in Detector for High Resolution Aerial Imagescited by 17
- 2024Mamba YOLO: A Simple Baseline for Object Detection with State Space Modelcited by 17
- 2022A Guide to Image and Video based Small Object Detection using Deep Learning : Case Study of Maritime Surveillancecited by 14
- 2022Continuous Human Action Recognition for Human-Machine Interaction: A Reviewcited by 10
- 2023ODOR: The ICPR2022 ODeuropa Challenge on Olfactory Object Recognitioncited by 6
- 2024YOLOv1 to YOLOv10: The fastest and most accurate real-time object detection systemscited by 6
- 2021PAFNet: An Efficient Anchor-Free Object Detector Guidancecited by 5
- 2023YOLOCS: Object Detection based on Dense Channel Compression for Feature Spatial Solidificationcited by 4
- 2021Deep Learning Based Steel Pipe Weld Defect Detectioncited by 3
- 2025A Decade of You Only Look Once (YOLO) for Object Detection: A Reviewcited by 3
- 2021DynaDog+T: A Parametric Animal Model for Synthetic Canine Image Generationcited by 2
- 2022In Defense of Kalman Filtering for Polyp Tracking from Colonoscopy Videoscited by 2
- 2022FasterX: Real-Time Object Detection Based on Edge GPUs for UAV Applicationscited by 2
- 2023A Survey of Advanced Computer Vision Techniques for Sportscited by 2
- 2024GeoPos: A Minimal Positional Encoding for Enhanced Fine-Grained Details in Image Synthesis Using Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 1
- 2024A Deep Learning Approach to Detect Complete Safety Equipment For Construction Workers Based On YOLOv7cited by 1
- 2024Unified-IoU: For High-Quality Object Detectioncited by 1
- 2024FA-YOLO: Research On Efficient Feature Selection YOLO Improved Algorithm Based On FMDS and AGMF Modulescited by 1
- 2025iEBAKER: Improved Remote Sensing Image-Text Retrieval Framework via Eliminate Before Align and Keyword Explicit Reasoningcited by 1
- 2022YOLOSA: Object detection based on 2D local feature superimposed self-attentioncited by 0
- 2022Progressive Domain Adaptation with Contrastive Learning for Object Detection in the Satellite Imagerycited by 0
- 2022Application-Driven AI Paradigm for Human Action Recognitioncited by 0
- 2023YOGA: Deep Object Detection in the Wild with Lightweight Feature Learning and Multiscale Attentioncited by 0
- 2023High-Performance Fine Defect Detection in Artificial Leather Using Dual Feature Pool Object Detectioncited by 0
- 2024Detection and Pose Estimation of flat, Texture-less Industry Objects on HoloLens using synthetic Trainingcited by 0
- 2024Surveying You Only Look Once (YOLO) Multispectral Object Detection Advancements, Applications And Challengescited by 0
- 2024WoodYOLO: A Novel Object Detector for Wood Species Detection in Microscopic Imagescited by 0
- 20243A-YOLO: New Real-Time Object Detectors with Triple Discriminative Awareness and Coordinated Representationscited by 0
- 2025YOLO-PRO: Enhancing Instance-Specific Object Detection with Full-Channel Global Self-Attentioncited by 0
- 2026YOLO-DS: Fine-Grained Feature Decoupling via Dual-Statistic Synergy Operator for Object Detectioncited by 0
- 2026A Study on Real-time Object Detection using Deep Learningcited by 0
- 2026A Study on Real-time Object Detection using Deep Learning17 Feb 2026
- 2026YOLO-DS: Fine-Grained Feature Decoupling via Dual-Statistic Synergy Operator for Object Detection26 Jan 2026
- 2025Real-Time Object Detection Meets DINOv325 Sep 2025
- 2025A Decade of You Only Look Once (YOLO) for Object Detection: A Review24 Apr 2025
- 2025iEBAKER: Improved Remote Sensing Image-Text Retrieval Framework via Eliminate Before Align and Keyword Explicit Reasoning8 Apr 2025
- 2025YOLO-PRO: Enhancing Instance-Specific Object Detection with Full-Channel Global Self-Attention4 Mar 2025
- 20243A-YOLO: New Real-Time Object Detectors with Triple Discriminative Awareness and Coordinated Representations10 Dec 2024
- 2024WoodYOLO: A Novel Object Detector for Wood Species Detection in Microscopic Images18 Nov 2024
- 2024RT-DETRv3: Real-time End-to-End Object Detection with Hierarchical Dense Positive Supervision13 Sep 2024
- 2024Surveying You Only Look Once (YOLO) Multispectral Object Detection Advancements, Applications And Challenges3 Sep 2024
- 2024FA-YOLO: Research On Efficient Feature Selection YOLO Improved Algorithm Based On FMDS and AGMF Modules29 Aug 2024
- 2024YOLOv1 to YOLOv10: The fastest and most accurate real-time object detection systems18 Aug 2024
32 more
- 2024Unified-IoU: For High-Quality Object Detection13 Aug 2024
- 2024A Deep Learning Approach to Detect Complete Safety Equipment For Construction Workers Based On YOLOv711 Jun 2024
- 2024Mamba YOLO: A Simple Baseline for Object Detection with State Space Model9 Jun 2024
- 2024Real-time Transformer-based Open-Vocabulary Detection with Efficient Fusion Head11 Mar 2024
- 2024Detection and Pose Estimation of flat, Texture-less Industry Objects on HoloLens using synthetic Training7 Feb 2024
- 2024YOLO-World: Real-Time Open-Vocabulary Object Detection30 Jan 2024
- 2024GeoPos: A Minimal Positional Encoding for Enhanced Fine-Grained Details in Image Synthesis Using Convolutional Neural Networks3 Jan 2024
- 2023High-Performance Fine Defect Detection in Artificial Leather Using Dual Feature Pool Object Detection31 Jul 2023
- 2023YOGA: Deep Object Detection in the Wild with Lightweight Feature Learning and Multiscale Attention12 Jul 2023
- 2023A Survey on Deep Learning-Based Monocular Spacecraft Pose Estimation: Current State, Limitations and Prospects12 May 2023
- 2023YOLOCS: Object Detection based on Dense Channel Compression for Feature Spatial Solidification7 May 2023
- 2023DETRs Beat YOLOs on Real-time Object Detection17 Apr 2023
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of YOLO Architectures in Computer Vision: From YOLOv1 to YOLOv8 and YOLO-NAS2 Apr 2023
- 2023Cascaded Zoom-in Detector for High Resolution Aerial Images15 Mar 2023
- 2023Wise-IoU: Bounding Box Regression Loss with Dynamic Focusing Mechanism24 Jan 2023
- 2023ODOR: The ICPR2022 ODeuropa Challenge on Olfactory Object Recognition24 Jan 2023
- 2023A Survey of Advanced Computer Vision Techniques for Sports18 Jan 2023
- 2022Application-Driven AI Paradigm for Human Action Recognition30 Sep 2022
- 2022FasterX: Real-Time Object Detection Based on Edge GPUs for UAV Applications7 Sep 2022
- 2022Progressive Domain Adaptation with Contrastive Learning for Object Detection in the Satellite Imagery6 Sep 2022
- 2022A Guide to Image and Video based Small Object Detection using Deep Learning : Case Study of Maritime Surveillance26 Jul 2022
- 2022YOLOSA: Object detection based on 2D local feature superimposed self-attention23 Jun 2022
- 2022Remote Sensing Cross-Modal Text-Image Retrieval Based on Global and Local Information21 Apr 2022
- 2022PP-YOLOE: An evolved version of YOLO30 Mar 2022
- 2022Continuous Human Action Recognition for Human-Machine Interaction: A Review26 Feb 2022
- 2022In Defense of Kalman Filtering for Polyp Tracking from Colonoscopy Videos27 Jan 2022
- 2021PP-PicoDet: A Better Real-Time Object Detector on Mobile Devices1 Nov 2021
- 2021DynaDog+T: A Parametric Animal Model for Synthetic Canine Image Generation15 Jul 2021
- 2021Domain Adaptive YOLO for One-Stage Cross-Domain Detection26 Jun 2021
- 2021Deep Learning Based Steel Pipe Weld Defect Detection30 Apr 2021
- 2021PAFNet: An Efficient Anchor-Free Object Detector Guidance28 Apr 2021
- 2021PP-YOLOv2: A Practical Object Detector21 Apr 2021
- 2023DETRs Beat YOLOs on Real-time Object Detectioncited by 526
- 2024YOLO-World: Real-Time Open-Vocabulary Object Detectioncited by 498
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of YOLO Architectures in Computer Vision: From YOLOv1 to YOLOv8 and YOLO-NAScited by 149
- 2022PP-YOLOE: An evolved version of YOLOcited by 75
- 2022Remote Sensing Cross-Modal Text-Image Retrieval Based on Global and Local Informationcited by 40
- 2024RT-DETRv3: Real-time End-to-End Object Detection with Hierarchical Dense Positive Supervisioncited by 31
- 2021PP-YOLOv2: A Practical Object Detectorcited by 30
- 2023Wise-IoU: Bounding Box Regression Loss with Dynamic Focusing Mechanismcited by 30
- 2023A Survey on Deep Learning-Based Monocular Spacecraft Pose Estimation: Current State, Limitations and Prospectscited by 30
- 2025Real-Time Object Detection Meets DINOv3cited by 26
- 2021PP-PicoDet: A Better Real-Time Object Detector on Mobile Devicescited by 25
- 2021Domain Adaptive YOLO for One-Stage Cross-Domain Detectioncited by 22
12 most cited of 42 All 42 (JSON)
- 2026A Study on Real-time Object Detection using Deep Learning17 Feb 2026
- 2026YOLO-DS: Fine-Grained Feature Decoupling via Dual-Statistic Synergy Operator for Object Detection26 Jan 2026
- 2025Real-Time Object Detection Meets DINOv325 Sep 2025
- 2025A Decade of You Only Look Once (YOLO) for Object Detection: A Review24 Apr 2025
- 2025iEBAKER: Improved Remote Sensing Image-Text Retrieval Framework via Eliminate Before Align and Keyword Explicit Reasoning8 Apr 2025
- 2025YOLO-PRO: Enhancing Instance-Specific Object Detection with Full-Channel Global Self-Attention4 Mar 2025
- 20243A-YOLO: New Real-Time Object Detectors with Triple Discriminative Awareness and Coordinated Representations10 Dec 2024
- 2024WoodYOLO: A Novel Object Detector for Wood Species Detection in Microscopic Images18 Nov 2024
- 2024RT-DETRv3: Real-time End-to-End Object Detection with Hierarchical Dense Positive Supervision13 Sep 2024
- 2024Surveying You Only Look Once (YOLO) Multispectral Object Detection Advancements, Applications And Challenges3 Sep 2024
- 2024FA-YOLO: Research On Efficient Feature Selection YOLO Improved Algorithm Based On FMDS and AGMF Modules29 Aug 2024
- 2024YOLOv1 to YOLOv10: The fastest and most accurate real-time object detection systems18 Aug 2024
12 newest of 42 All 42 (JSON)