FFR v1.1: Fon-French Neural Machine Translation
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
All over the world and especially in Africa, researchers are putting efforts into building Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems to help tackle the language barriers in Africa, a continent of over 2000 different languages. However, the low-resourceness, diacritical, and tonal complexities of African languages are major issues being faced. The FFR project is a major step towards creating a robust translation model from Fon, a very low-resource and tonal language, to French, for research and public use. In this paper, we introduce FFR Dataset, a corpus of Fon-to-French translations, describe the diacritical encoding process, and introduce our FFR v1.1 model, trained on the dataset. The dataset and model are made publicly available at https://github.com/ bonaventuredossou/ffr-v1, to promote collaboration and reproducibility.
Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 14 Jun 2020.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 5; 2022: 3; 2023: 4; 2024: 1; 2025: 3.
16 papers.
Sort:
- 2021The FLORES-101 Evaluation Benchmark for Low-Resource and Multilingual Machine Translationcited by 556
- 2022A Few Thousand Translations Go a Long Way! Leveraging Pre-trained Models for African News Translationcited by 97
- 2021Survey of Low-Resource Machine Translationcited by 92
- 2022Building Machine Translation Systems for the Next Thousand Languagescited by 69
- 2022Bitext Mining Using Distilled Sentence Representations for Low-Resource Languagescited by 48
- 2023JWSign: A Highly Multilingual Corpus of Bible Translations for more Diversity in Sign Language Processingcited by 18
- 2025Charting the Landscape of African NLP: Mapping Progress and Shaping the Road Aheadcited by 15
- 2021OkwuGb'e: End-to-End Speech Recognition for Fon and Igbocited by 13
- 2025SMOL: Professionally translated parallel data for 115 under-represented languagescited by 11
- 2023Bilex Rx: Lexical Data Augmentation for Massively Multilingual Machine Translationcited by 7
- 2021English2Gbe: A multilingual machine translation model for {Fon/Ewe}Gbecited by 5
- 2021AfriVEC: Word Embedding Models for African Languages. Case Study of Fon and Nobiincited by 3
4 more
- 2024FFSTC: Fongbe to French Speech Translation Corpuscited by 3
- 2023FonMTL: Towards Multitask Learning for the Fon Languagecited by 1
- 2025Towards Open-Ended Discovery for Low-Resource NLPcited by 1
- 2023Ngambay-French Neural Machine Translation (sba-Fr)cited by 0
- 2025Towards Open-Ended Discovery for Low-Resource NLP22 Sep 2025
- 2025Charting the Landscape of African NLP: Mapping Progress and Shaping the Road Ahead27 May 2025
- 2025SMOL: Professionally translated parallel data for 115 under-represented languages17 Feb 2025
- 2024FFSTC: Fongbe to French Speech Translation Corpus8 Mar 2024
- 2023JWSign: A Highly Multilingual Corpus of Bible Translations for more Diversity in Sign Language Processing16 Nov 2023
- 2023FonMTL: Towards Multitask Learning for the Fon Language28 Aug 2023
- 2023Ngambay-French Neural Machine Translation (sba-Fr)25 Aug 2023
- 2023Bilex Rx: Lexical Data Augmentation for Massively Multilingual Machine Translation27 Mar 2023
- 2022Bitext Mining Using Distilled Sentence Representations for Low-Resource Languages25 May 2022
- 2022Building Machine Translation Systems for the Next Thousand Languages9 May 2022
- 2022A Few Thousand Translations Go a Long Way! Leveraging Pre-trained Models for African News Translation4 May 2022
- 2021English2Gbe: A multilingual machine translation model for {Fon/Ewe}Gbe13 Dec 2021
4 more
- 2021Survey of Low-Resource Machine Translation1 Sep 2021
- 2021The FLORES-101 Evaluation Benchmark for Low-Resource and Multilingual Machine Translation6 Jun 2021
- 2021OkwuGb'e: End-to-End Speech Recognition for Fon and Igbo13 Mar 2021
- 2021AfriVEC: Word Embedding Models for African Languages. Case Study of Fon and Nobiin8 Mar 2021
- 2021The FLORES-101 Evaluation Benchmark for Low-Resource and Multilingual Machine Translationcited by 556
- 2022A Few Thousand Translations Go a Long Way! Leveraging Pre-trained Models for African News Translationcited by 97
- 2021Survey of Low-Resource Machine Translationcited by 92
- 2022Building Machine Translation Systems for the Next Thousand Languagescited by 69
- 2022Bitext Mining Using Distilled Sentence Representations for Low-Resource Languagescited by 48
- 2023JWSign: A Highly Multilingual Corpus of Bible Translations for more Diversity in Sign Language Processingcited by 18
- 2025Charting the Landscape of African NLP: Mapping Progress and Shaping the Road Aheadcited by 15
- 2021OkwuGb'e: End-to-End Speech Recognition for Fon and Igbocited by 13
- 2025SMOL: Professionally translated parallel data for 115 under-represented languagescited by 11
- 2023Bilex Rx: Lexical Data Augmentation for Massively Multilingual Machine Translationcited by 7
- 2021English2Gbe: A multilingual machine translation model for {Fon/Ewe}Gbecited by 5
- 2021AfriVEC: Word Embedding Models for African Languages. Case Study of Fon and Nobiincited by 3
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2025Towards Open-Ended Discovery for Low-Resource NLP22 Sep 2025
- 2025Charting the Landscape of African NLP: Mapping Progress and Shaping the Road Ahead27 May 2025
- 2025SMOL: Professionally translated parallel data for 115 under-represented languages17 Feb 2025
- 2024FFSTC: Fongbe to French Speech Translation Corpus8 Mar 2024
- 2023JWSign: A Highly Multilingual Corpus of Bible Translations for more Diversity in Sign Language Processing16 Nov 2023
- 2023FonMTL: Towards Multitask Learning for the Fon Language28 Aug 2023
- 2023Ngambay-French Neural Machine Translation (sba-Fr)25 Aug 2023
- 2023Bilex Rx: Lexical Data Augmentation for Massively Multilingual Machine Translation27 Mar 2023
- 2022Bitext Mining Using Distilled Sentence Representations for Low-Resource Languages25 May 2022
- 2022Building Machine Translation Systems for the Next Thousand Languages9 May 2022
- 2022A Few Thousand Translations Go a Long Way! Leveraging Pre-trained Models for African News Translation4 May 2022
- 2021English2Gbe: A multilingual machine translation model for {Fon/Ewe}Gbe13 Dec 2021
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)