XiaoiceSing: A High-Quality and Integrated Singing Voice Synthesis System
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper presents XiaoiceSing, a high-quality singing voice synthesis system which employs an integrated network for spectrum, F0 and duration modeling. We follow the main architecture of FastSpeech while proposing some singing-specific design: 1) Besides phoneme ID and position encoding, features from musical score (e.g.note pitch and length) are also added. 2) To attenuate off-key issues, we add a residual connection in F0 prediction. 3) In addition to the duration loss of each phoneme, the duration of all the phonemes in a musical note is accumulated to calculate the syllable duration loss for rhythm enhancement. Experiment results show that XiaoiceSing outperforms the baseline system of convolutional neural networks by 1.44 MOS on sound quality, 1.18 on pronunciation accuracy and 1.38 on naturalness respectively. In two A/B tests, the proposed F0 and duration modeling methods achieve 97.3% and 84.3% preference rate over baseline respectively, which demonstrates the overwhelming advantages of XiaoiceSing.
Key facts. Cited by 33 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 11 Jun 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 8; 2022: 7; 2023: 6; 2024: 4; 2025: 6; 2026: 2.
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- 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesiscited by 182
- 2021DiffSinger: Singing Voice Synthesis via Shallow Diffusion Mechanismcited by 154
- 2023CoMoSpeech: One-Step Speech and Singing Voice Synthesis via Consistency Modelcited by 44
- 2024Foundation Models for Music: A Surveycited by 34
- 2023MusicAgent: An AI Agent for Music Understanding and Generation with Large Language Modelscited by 20
- 2021Sinsy: A Deep Neural Network-Based Singing Voice Synthesis Systemcited by 14
- 2023RMSSinger: Realistic-Music-Score based Singing Voice Synthesiscited by 12
- 2022Learning the Beauty in Songs: Neural Singing Voice Beautifiercited by 10
- 2021A Melody-Unsupervision Model for Singing Voice Synthesiscited by 8
- 2022WeSinger: Data-augmented Singing Voice Synthesis with Auxiliary Lossescited by 7
- 2025SingMOS-Pro: An Comprehensive Benchmark for Singing Quality Assessmentcited by 7
- 2025Prosody-Adaptable Audio Codecs for Zero-Shot Voice Conversion via In-Context Learningcited by 6
21 more
- 2021RefineGAN: Universally Generating Waveform Better than Ground Truth with Highly Accurate Pitch and Intensity Responsescited by 5
- 2022Mandarin Singing Voice Synthesis with Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Wasserstein GANcited by 5
- 2025YingMusic-Singer: Zero-shot Singing Voice Synthesis and Editing with Annotation-free Melody Guidancecited by 5
- 2022Singing-Tacotron: Global duration control attention and dynamic filter for End-to-end singing voice synthesiscited by 4
- 2021KaraSinger: Score-Free Singing Voice Synthesis with VQ-VAE using Mel-spectrogramscited by 3
- 2022SingAug: Data Augmentation for Singing Voice Synthesis with Cycle-consistent Training Strategycited by 3
- 2022NNSVS: A Neural Network-Based Singing Voice Synthesis Toolkitcited by 3
- 2025CoMelSinger: Discrete Token-Based Zero-Shot Singing Synthesis With Structured Melody Control and Guidancecited by 3
- 2025DiTSinger: Scaling Singing Voice Synthesis with Diffusion Transformer and Implicit Alignmentcited by 3
- 2023BiSinger: Bilingual Singing Voice Synthesiscited by 2
- 2024Hierarchical Generative Modeling of Melodic Vocal Contours in Hindustani Classical Musiccited by 1
- 2024ViolinDiff: Enhancing Expressive Violin Synthesis with Pitch Bend Conditioningcited by 1
- 2025SmoothSinger: A Conditional Diffusion Model for Singing Voice Synthesis with Multi-Resolution Architecturecited by 1
- 2021An Empirical Study on End-to-End Singing Voice Synthesis with Encoder-Decoder Architecturescited by 0
- 2021Pitch Preservation In Singing Voice Synthesiscited by 0
- 2022Singing Voice Synthesis Based on a Musical Note Position-Aware Attention Mechanismcited by 0
- 2023Singing voice synthesis based on frame-level sequence-to-sequence models considering vocal timing deviationcited by 0
- 2023Enhancing the vocal range of single-speaker singing voice synthesis with melody-unsupervised pre-trainingcited by 0
- 2024Are Music Foundation Models Better at Singing Voice Deepfake Detection? Far-Better Fuse them with Speech Foundation Modelscited by 0
- 2026SongSong: A Time Phonograph for Chinese SongCi Music from Thousand of Years Awaycited by 0
- 2026VocalRender: Score-Native Singing Voice Synthesis for Real-World Compositioncited by 0
- 2026VocalRender: Score-Native Singing Voice Synthesis for Real-World Composition30 Jul 2026
- 2026SongSong: A Time Phonograph for Chinese SongCi Music from Thousand of Years Away27 Feb 2026
- 2025YingMusic-Singer: Zero-shot Singing Voice Synthesis and Editing with Annotation-free Melody Guidance4 Dec 2025
- 2025DiTSinger: Scaling Singing Voice Synthesis with Diffusion Transformer and Implicit Alignment10 Oct 2025
- 2025SingMOS-Pro: An Comprehensive Benchmark for Singing Quality Assessment2 Oct 2025
- 2025CoMelSinger: Discrete Token-Based Zero-Shot Singing Synthesis With Structured Melody Control and Guidance24 Sep 2025
- 2025SmoothSinger: A Conditional Diffusion Model for Singing Voice Synthesis with Multi-Resolution Architecture26 Jun 2025
- 2025Prosody-Adaptable Audio Codecs for Zero-Shot Voice Conversion via In-Context Learning21 May 2025
- 2024Are Music Foundation Models Better at Singing Voice Deepfake Detection? Far-Better Fuse them with Speech Foundation Models21 Sep 2024
- 2024ViolinDiff: Enhancing Expressive Violin Synthesis with Pitch Bend Conditioning19 Sep 2024
- 2024Foundation Models for Music: A Survey26 Aug 2024
- 2024Hierarchical Generative Modeling of Melodic Vocal Contours in Hindustani Classical Music22 Aug 2024
21 more
- 2023MusicAgent: An AI Agent for Music Understanding and Generation with Large Language Models18 Oct 2023
- 2023BiSinger: Bilingual Singing Voice Synthesis25 Sep 2023
- 2023Enhancing the vocal range of single-speaker singing voice synthesis with melody-unsupervised pre-training1 Sep 2023
- 2023RMSSinger: Realistic-Music-Score based Singing Voice Synthesis18 May 2023
- 2023CoMoSpeech: One-Step Speech and Singing Voice Synthesis via Consistency Model11 May 2023
- 2023Singing voice synthesis based on frame-level sequence-to-sequence models considering vocal timing deviation5 Jan 2023
- 2022Singing Voice Synthesis Based on a Musical Note Position-Aware Attention Mechanism28 Dec 2022
- 2022NNSVS: A Neural Network-Based Singing Voice Synthesis Toolkit28 Oct 2022
- 2022Mandarin Singing Voice Synthesis with Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Wasserstein GAN21 Sep 2022
- 2022SingAug: Data Augmentation for Singing Voice Synthesis with Cycle-consistent Training Strategy31 Mar 2022
- 2022WeSinger: Data-augmented Singing Voice Synthesis with Auxiliary Losses21 Mar 2022
- 2022Learning the Beauty in Songs: Neural Singing Voice Beautifier27 Feb 2022
- 2022Singing-Tacotron: Global duration control attention and dynamic filter for End-to-end singing voice synthesis16 Feb 2022
- 2021RefineGAN: Universally Generating Waveform Better than Ground Truth with Highly Accurate Pitch and Intensity Responses1 Nov 2021
- 2021A Melody-Unsupervision Model for Singing Voice Synthesis13 Oct 2021
- 2021Pitch Preservation In Singing Voice Synthesis11 Oct 2021
- 2021KaraSinger: Score-Free Singing Voice Synthesis with VQ-VAE using Mel-spectrograms8 Oct 2021
- 2021An Empirical Study on End-to-End Singing Voice Synthesis with Encoder-Decoder Architectures6 Aug 2021
- 2021Sinsy: A Deep Neural Network-Based Singing Voice Synthesis System5 Aug 2021
- 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesis29 Jun 2021
- 2021DiffSinger: Singing Voice Synthesis via Shallow Diffusion Mechanism6 May 2021
- 2023CoMoSpeech: One-Step Speech and Singing Voice Synthesis via Consistency Modelcited by 44
- 2024Foundation Models for Music: A Surveycited by 34
- 2022Mandarin Singing Voice Synthesis with Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Wasserstein GANcited by 5
- 2025DiTSinger: Scaling Singing Voice Synthesis with Diffusion Transformer and Implicit Alignmentcited by 3
- 2025SmoothSinger: A Conditional Diffusion Model for Singing Voice Synthesis with Multi-Resolution Architecturecited by 1
- 2025DiTSinger: Scaling Singing Voice Synthesis with Diffusion Transformer and Implicit Alignment10 Oct 2025
- 2025SmoothSinger: A Conditional Diffusion Model for Singing Voice Synthesis with Multi-Resolution Architecture26 Jun 2025
- 2024Foundation Models for Music: A Survey26 Aug 2024
- 2023CoMoSpeech: One-Step Speech and Singing Voice Synthesis via Consistency Model11 May 2023
- 2022Mandarin Singing Voice Synthesis with Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Wasserstein GAN21 Sep 2022
- 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesiscited by 182
- 2021DiffSinger: Singing Voice Synthesis via Shallow Diffusion Mechanismcited by 154
- 2021Sinsy: A Deep Neural Network-Based Singing Voice Synthesis Systemcited by 14
- 2023RMSSinger: Realistic-Music-Score based Singing Voice Synthesiscited by 12
- 2022Learning the Beauty in Songs: Neural Singing Voice Beautifiercited by 10
- 2021A Melody-Unsupervision Model for Singing Voice Synthesiscited by 8
- 2022WeSinger: Data-augmented Singing Voice Synthesis with Auxiliary Lossescited by 7
- 2025SingMOS-Pro: An Comprehensive Benchmark for Singing Quality Assessmentcited by 7
- 2025Prosody-Adaptable Audio Codecs for Zero-Shot Voice Conversion via In-Context Learningcited by 6
- 2021RefineGAN: Universally Generating Waveform Better than Ground Truth with Highly Accurate Pitch and Intensity Responsescited by 5
- 2025YingMusic-Singer: Zero-shot Singing Voice Synthesis and Editing with Annotation-free Melody Guidancecited by 5
- 2022Singing-Tacotron: Global duration control attention and dynamic filter for End-to-end singing voice synthesiscited by 4
12 most cited of 27 All 27 (JSON)
- 2026VocalRender: Score-Native Singing Voice Synthesis for Real-World Composition30 Jul 2026
- 2026SongSong: A Time Phonograph for Chinese SongCi Music from Thousand of Years Away27 Feb 2026
- 2025YingMusic-Singer: Zero-shot Singing Voice Synthesis and Editing with Annotation-free Melody Guidance4 Dec 2025
- 2025SingMOS-Pro: An Comprehensive Benchmark for Singing Quality Assessment2 Oct 2025
- 2025CoMelSinger: Discrete Token-Based Zero-Shot Singing Synthesis With Structured Melody Control and Guidance24 Sep 2025
- 2025Prosody-Adaptable Audio Codecs for Zero-Shot Voice Conversion via In-Context Learning21 May 2025
- 2024Are Music Foundation Models Better at Singing Voice Deepfake Detection? Far-Better Fuse them with Speech Foundation Models21 Sep 2024
- 2024ViolinDiff: Enhancing Expressive Violin Synthesis with Pitch Bend Conditioning19 Sep 2024
- 2024Hierarchical Generative Modeling of Melodic Vocal Contours in Hindustani Classical Music22 Aug 2024
- 2023BiSinger: Bilingual Singing Voice Synthesis25 Sep 2023
- 2023Enhancing the vocal range of single-speaker singing voice synthesis with melody-unsupervised pre-training1 Sep 2023
- 2023RMSSinger: Realistic-Music-Score based Singing Voice Synthesis18 May 2023
12 newest of 27 All 27 (JSON)