mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Continual Reinforcement Learning in 3D Non-stationary Environments

arXiv 1905.10112 ↗First posted 24 May 2019cs.LG cs.CV stat.MLcited by 22

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Abstract (arXiv)

High-dimensional always-changing environments constitute a hard challenge for current reinforcement learning techniques. Artificial agents, nowadays, are often trained off-line in very static and controlled conditions in simulation such that training observations can be thought as sampled i.i.d. from the entire observations space. However, in real world settings, the environment is often non-stationary and subject to unpredictable, frequent changes. In this paper we propose and openly release CRLMaze, a new benchmark for learning continually through reinforcement in a complex 3D non-stationary task based on ViZDoom and subject to several environmental changes. Then, we introduce an end-to-end model-free continual reinforcement learning strategy showing competitive results with respect to four different baselines and not requiring any access to additional supervised signals, previously encountered environmental conditions or observations.

Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 24 May 2019.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 9; 2022: 4; 2023: 2; 2024: 1; 2025: 4; 2026: 2.

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  1. 2023A Comprehensive Survey of Continual Learning: Theory, Method and Applicationcited by 872
  2. 2021A Survey of Zero-shot Generalisation in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 170
  3. 2021Avalanche: an End-to-End Library for Continual Learningcited by 124
  4. 2021Continual World: A Robotic Benchmark For Continual Reinforcement Learningcited by 116
  5. 2021CORA: Benchmarks, Baselines, and Metrics as a Platform for Continual Reinforcement Learning Agentscited by 38
  6. 2021Continuous Coordination As a Realistic Scenario for Lifelong Learningcited by 32
  7. 2022You Only Live Once: Single-Life Reinforcement Learningcited by 24
  8. 2025A Survey of Continual Reinforcement Learningcited by 18
  9. 2021Catastrophic Interference in Reinforcement Learning: A Solution Based on Context Division and Knowledge Distillationcited by 15
  10. 2022Dynamics-Adaptive Continual Reinforcement Learning via Progressive Contextualizationcited by 14
  11. 2022Self-Activating Neural Ensembles for Continual Reinforcement Learningcited by 7
  12. 2021Lifetime policy reuse and the importance of task capacitycited by 4
10 more
  1. 2024Investigating Pre-Training Objectives for Generalization in Vision-Based Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
  2. 2025From Sparse to Dense: Toddler-inspired Reward Transition in Goal-Oriented Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
  3. 2021Evaluating Continual Learning Algorithms by Generating 3D Virtual Environmentscited by 2
  4. 2022Resilient robot teams: a review integrating decentralised control, change-detection, and learningcited by 2
  5. 2021Smaller Is Better: An Analysis of Instance Quantity/Quality Trade-off in Rehearsal-based Continual Learningcited by 1
  6. 2023Architect, Regularize and Replay (ARR): a Flexible Hybrid Approach for Continual Learningcited by 1
  7. 2025Action-Adaptive Continual Learning: Enabling Policy Generalization under Dynamic Action Spacescited by 1
  8. 2025Real-Time Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Tasks with a Parallel Soft Robotcited by 1
  9. 2026GEM-Style Constraints for PEFT with Dual Gradient Projection in LoRAcited by 1
  10. 2026CRoSS: A Continual Robotic Simulation Suite for Scalable Reinforcement Learning with High Task Diversity and Realistic Physics Simulationcited by 0