mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

The Roadmap to 6G -- AI Empowered Wireless Networks

arXiv 1904.11686 ↗First posted 26 Apr 2019cs.NI cs.LGcited by 150

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Abstract (arXiv)

The recent upsurge of diversified mobile applications, especially those supported by Artificial Intelligence (AI), is spurring heated discussions on the future evolution of wireless communications. While 5G is being deployed around the world, efforts from industry and academia have started to look beyond 5G and conceptualize 6G. We envision 6G to undergo an unprecedented transformation that will make it substantially different from the previous generations of wireless cellular systems. In particular, 6G will go beyond mobile Internet and will be required to support ubiquitous AI services from the core to the end devices of the network. Meanwhile, AI will play a critical role in designing and optimizing 6G architectures, protocols, and operations. In this article, we discuss potential technologies for 6G to enable mobile AI applications, as well as AI-enabled methodologies for 6G network design and optimization. Key trends in the evolution to 6G will also be discussed.

Key facts. Cited by 150 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 26 Apr 2019.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 31; 2022: 29; 2023: 25; 2024: 21; 2025: 25; 2026: 19.

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  1. 2021Distributed Learning in Wireless Networks: Recent Progress and Future Challengescited by 125
  2. 2021Learning Task-Oriented Communication for Edge Inference: An Information Bottleneck Approachcited by 105
  3. 2021Edge Artificial Intelligence for 6G: Vision, Enabling Technologies, and Applicationscited by 96
  4. 2021Collaborative Federated Learning For Healthcare: Multi-Modal COVID-19 Diagnosis at the Edgecited by 56
  5. 2021Federated Dropout -- A Simple Approach for Enabling Federated Learning on Resource Constrained Devicescited by 56
  6. 2023Large Language Models Empowered Autonomous Edge AI for Connected Intelligencecited by 55
  7. 2022Robust Semantic Communications with Masked VQ-VAE Enabled Codebookcited by 53
  8. 2022MIMO Channel Estimation using Score-Based Generative Modelscited by 50
  9. 2022Graph Neural Networks for Wireless Communications: From Theory to Practicecited by 44
  10. 2025AI Flow: Perspectives, Scenarios, and Approachescited by 44
  11. 2024WirelessLLM: Empowering Large Language Models Towards Wireless Intelligencecited by 43
  12. 2021AI-Native Network Slicing for 6G Networkscited by 31
38 more
  1. 2022Robust Information Bottleneck for Task-Oriented Communication with Digital Modulationcited by 28
  2. 2021Satellite Based Computing Networks with Federated Learningcited by 25
  3. 2023AI-native Interconnect Framework for Integration of Large Language Model Technologies in 6G Systemscited by 19
  4. 2021Over-the-Air Decentralized Federated Learningcited by 18
  5. 2022Transformer-Empowered 6G Intelligent Networks: From Massive MIMO Processing to Semantic Communicationcited by 18
  6. 2023Machine Learning for Large-Scale Optimization in 6G Wireless Networkscited by 18
  7. 2022Wireless Quantized Federated Learning: A Joint Computation and Communication Designcited by 15
  8. 2022Interference Management for Over-the-Air Federated Learning in Multi-Cell Wireless Networkscited by 15
  9. 2022Trustworthy Federated Learning via Blockchaincited by 15
  10. 2023Holistic Network Virtualization and Pervasive Network Intelligence for 6Gcited by 14
  11. 2023Channelformer: Attention based Neural Solution for Wireless Channel Estimation and Effective Online Trainingcited by 14
  12. 2022Vector Quantized Semantic Communication Systemcited by 13
  13. 2021Semi-Decentralized Federated Edge Learning with Data and Device Heterogeneitycited by 12
  14. 2022Task-Oriented Over-the-Air Computation for Multi-Device Edge AIcited by 12
  15. 2024A Survey on Integrated Sensing, Communication, and Computationcited by 12
  16. 2021MarS-FL: Enabling Competitors to Collaborate in Federated Learningcited by 11
  17. 2022Over-the-Air Federated Learning via Second-Order Optimizationcited by 11
  18. 2022Programmable and Customized Intelligence for Traffic Steering in 5G Networks Using Open RAN Architecturescited by 11
  19. 2021Multi-hop RIS-Empowered Terahertz Communications: A DRL-based Hybrid Beamforming Designcited by 10
  20. 2023Over-the-Air Federated Learning and Optimizationcited by 10
  21. 2023Adaptive Resource Allocation for Semantic Communication Networkscited by 10
  22. 2021Relay-Assisted Cooperative Federated Learningcited by 9
  23. 2022Asynchronous Hybrid Reinforcement Learning for Latency and Reliability Optimization in the Metaverse over Wireless Communicationscited by 9
  24. 2023Spectrum Breathing: Protecting Over-the-Air Federated Learning Against Interferencecited by 9
  25. 2022A Survey on XAI for 5G and Beyond Security: Technical Aspects, Challenges and Research Directionscited by 8
  26. 2023Message Passing Meets Graph Neural Networks: A New Paradigm for Massive MIMO Systemscited by 8
  27. 2021A Novel Automatic Modulation Classification Scheme Based on Multi-Scale Networkscited by 7
  28. 2021Fine-Grained Data Selection for Improved Energy Efficiency of Federated Edge Learningcited by 7
  29. 2023FedLP: Layer-wise Pruning Mechanism for Communication-Computation Efficient Federated Learningcited by 7
  30. 2023Vertical Federated Learning over Cloud-RAN: Convergence Analysis and System Optimizationcited by 7
  31. 2023Zero-touch realization of Pervasive Artificial Intelligence-as-a-service in 6G networkscited by 7
  32. 2024Tackling Distribution Shifts in Task-Oriented Communication with Information Bottleneckcited by 7
  33. 2025LVM4CSI: Enabling Direct Application of Pre-Trained Large Vision Models for Wireless Channel Taskscited by 7
  34. 2026WirelessAgent++: Automated Agentic Workflow Design and Benchmarking for Wireless Networkscited by 7
  35. 2021Wireless Federated Learning (WFL) for 6G Networks -- Part II: The Compute-then-Transmit NOMA Paradigmcited by 6
  36. 2021Wireless Federated Learning (WFL) for 6G Networks -- Part I: Research Challenges and Future Trendscited by 6
  37. 2021Semantic Communications With AI Taskscited by 6
  38. 2024Quantile Learn-Then-Test: Quantile-Based Risk Control for Hyperparameter Optimizationcited by 6

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