Node Embedding over Temporal Graphs
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this work, we present a method for node embedding in temporal graphs. We propose an algorithm that learns the evolution of a temporal graph's nodes and edges over time and incorporates this dynamics in a temporal node embedding framework for different graph prediction tasks. We present a joint loss function that creates a temporal embedding of a node by learning to combine its historical temporal embeddings, such that it optimizes per given task (e.g., link prediction). The algorithm is initialized using static node embeddings, which are then aligned over the representations of a node at different time points, and eventually adapted for the given task in a joint optimization. We evaluate the effectiveness of our approach over a variety of temporal graphs for the two fundamental tasks of temporal link prediction and multi-label node classification, comparing to competitive baselines and algorithmic alternatives. Our algorithm shows performance improvements across many of the datasets and baselines and is found particularly effective for graphs that are less cohesive, with a lower clustering coefficient.
Key facts. Cited by 45 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 21 Mar 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 13; 2022: 10; 2023: 12; 2024: 5; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.
45 papers.
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- 2021Inductive Representation Learning in Temporal Networks via Causal Anonymous Walkscited by 188
- 2022A Survey on Graph Representation Learning Methodscited by 66
- 2021A Survey on Embedding Dynamic Graphscited by 60
- 2023Graph Neural Networks for temporal graphs: State of the art, open challenges, and opportunitiescited by 60
- 2022Neighborhood-aware Scalable Temporal Network Representation Learningcited by 54
- 2023Continual Learning on Dynamic Graphs via Parameter Isolationcited by 35
- 2022EvoKG: Jointly Modeling Event Time and Network Structure for Reasoning over Temporal Knowledge Graphscited by 27
- 2023SAD: Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection on Dynamic Graphscited by 27
- 2021FeatureNorm: L2 Feature Normalization for Dynamic Graph Embeddingcited by 19
- 2024State Space Models on Temporal Graphs: A First-Principles Studycited by 16
- 2023Dynamic Graph Representation Learning with Neural Networks: A Surveycited by 15
- 2021Pre-Training on Dynamic Graph Neural Networkscited by 11
33 more
- 2021On the Equivalence Between Temporal and Static Graph Representations for Observational Predictionscited by 10
- 2021CCGL: Contrastive Cascade Graph Learningcited by 9
- 2021DynG2G: An Efficient Stochastic Graph Embedding Method for Temporal Graphscited by 8
- 2023Temporal Aggregation and Propagation Graph Neural Networks for Dynamic Representationcited by 8
- 2021EqGNN: Equalized Node Opportunity in Graphscited by 7
- 2022Continuous-Time and Multi-Level Graph Representation Learning for Origin-Destination Demand Predictioncited by 7
- 2023Less Can Be More: Unsupervised Graph Pruning for Large-scale Dynamic Graphscited by 7
- 2022Geometric Algebra based Embeddings for Static and Temporal Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 6
- 2021ConTIG: Continuous Representation Learning on Temporal Interaction Graphscited by 5
- 2023A Simple and Powerful Framework for Stable Dynamic Network Embeddingcited by 5
- 2021Alignment and stability of embeddings: measurement and inference improvementcited by 4
- 2021Event Detection on Dynamic Graphscited by 4
- 2022Dynamic Graph Learning Based on Hierarchical Memory for Origin-Destination Demand Predictioncited by 4
- 2022A Survey on Temporal Graph Representation Learning and Generative Modelingcited by 4
- 2024Temporal Link Prediction Using Graph Embedding Dynamicscited by 4
- 2024A Comparative Study on Dynamic Graph Embedding based on Mamba and Transformerscited by 3
- 2024Scalable and Efficient Temporal Graph Representation Learning via Forward Recent Samplingcited by 2
- 2021Robust Dynamic Network Embedding via Ensemblescited by 1
- 2021Data-driven Smart Ponzi Scheme Detectioncited by 1
- 2023Accelerating Dynamic Network Embedding with Billions of Parameter Updates to Millisecondscited by 1
- 2023ForeSeer: Product Aspect Forecasting Using Temporal Graph Embeddingcited by 1
- 2024Robust Training of Temporal GNNs using Nearest Neighbours based Hard Negativescited by 1
- 2025When Embedding Models Meet: Procrustes Bounds and Applicationscited by 1
- 2022Simulating User-Level Twitter Activity with XGBoost and Probabilistic Hybrid Modelscited by 0
- 2022Disentangling the Computational Complexity of Network Untanglingcited by 0
- 2022tBDFS: Temporal Graph Neural Network Leveraging DFScited by 0
- 2023FTM: A Frame-level Timeline Modeling Method for Temporal Graph Representation Learningcited by 0
- 2023RAFEN -- Regularized Alignment Framework for Embeddings of Nodescited by 0
- 2023LasTGL: An Industrial Framework for Large-Scale Temporal Graph Learningcited by 0
- 2025Unifying Structural Proximity and Equivalence for Enhanced Dynamic Network Embeddingcited by 0
- 2025EvoFormer: Learning Dynamic Graph-Level Representations with Structural and Temporal Bias Correctioncited by 0
- 2025JiuTian Chuanliu: A Large Spatiotemporal Model for General-purpose Dynamic Urban Sensingcited by 0
- 2026Decoupled and Divergence-Conditioned Prompt for Multi-domain Dynamic Graph Foundation Modelscited by 0
- 2026Decoupled and Divergence-Conditioned Prompt for Multi-domain Dynamic Graph Foundation Models13 May 2026
- 2025JiuTian Chuanliu: A Large Spatiotemporal Model for General-purpose Dynamic Urban Sensing26 Oct 2025
- 2025When Embedding Models Meet: Procrustes Bounds and Applications15 Oct 2025
- 2025EvoFormer: Learning Dynamic Graph-Level Representations with Structural and Temporal Bias Correction21 Aug 2025
- 2025Unifying Structural Proximity and Equivalence for Enhanced Dynamic Network Embedding14 Mar 2025
- 2024A Comparative Study on Dynamic Graph Embedding based on Mamba and Transformers15 Dec 2024
- 2024State Space Models on Temporal Graphs: A First-Principles Study3 Jun 2024
- 2024Robust Training of Temporal GNNs using Nearest Neighbours based Hard Negatives14 Feb 2024
- 2024Scalable and Efficient Temporal Graph Representation Learning via Forward Recent Sampling3 Feb 2024
- 2024Temporal Link Prediction Using Graph Embedding Dynamics15 Jan 2024
- 2023LasTGL: An Industrial Framework for Large-Scale Temporal Graph Learning28 Nov 2023
- 2023A Simple and Powerful Framework for Stable Dynamic Network Embedding14 Nov 2023
33 more
- 2023ForeSeer: Product Aspect Forecasting Using Temporal Graph Embedding7 Oct 2023
- 2023Accelerating Dynamic Network Embedding with Billions of Parameter Updates to Milliseconds15 Jun 2023
- 2023Continual Learning on Dynamic Graphs via Parameter Isolation23 May 2023
- 2023SAD: Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection on Dynamic Graphs23 May 2023
- 2023Less Can Be More: Unsupervised Graph Pruning for Large-scale Dynamic Graphs18 May 2023
- 2023Temporal Aggregation and Propagation Graph Neural Networks for Dynamic Representation15 Apr 2023
- 2023Dynamic Graph Representation Learning with Neural Networks: A Survey12 Apr 2023
- 2023RAFEN -- Regularized Alignment Framework for Embeddings of Nodes3 Mar 2023
- 2023FTM: A Frame-level Timeline Modeling Method for Temporal Graph Representation Learning23 Feb 2023
- 2023Graph Neural Networks for temporal graphs: State of the art, open challenges, and opportunities2 Feb 2023
- 2022Neighborhood-aware Scalable Temporal Network Representation Learning2 Sep 2022
- 2022A Survey on Temporal Graph Representation Learning and Generative Modeling25 Aug 2022
- 2022Continuous-Time and Multi-Level Graph Representation Learning for Origin-Destination Demand Prediction30 Jun 2022
- 2022tBDFS: Temporal Graph Neural Network Leveraging DFS12 Jun 2022
- 2022Dynamic Graph Learning Based on Hierarchical Memory for Origin-Destination Demand Prediction29 May 2022
- 2022Disentangling the Computational Complexity of Network Untangling6 Apr 2022
- 2022A Survey on Graph Representation Learning Methods4 Apr 2022
- 2022Geometric Algebra based Embeddings for Static and Temporal Knowledge Graph Completion18 Feb 2022
- 2022Simulating User-Level Twitter Activity with XGBoost and Probabilistic Hybrid Models18 Feb 2022
- 2022EvoKG: Jointly Modeling Event Time and Network Structure for Reasoning over Temporal Knowledge Graphs15 Feb 2022
- 2021Event Detection on Dynamic Graphs23 Oct 2021
- 2021DynG2G: An Efficient Stochastic Graph Embedding Method for Temporal Graphs28 Sep 2021
- 2021ConTIG: Continuous Representation Learning on Temporal Interaction Graphs27 Sep 2021
- 2021Data-driven Smart Ponzi Scheme Detection20 Aug 2021
- 2021EqGNN: Equalized Node Opportunity in Graphs19 Aug 2021
- 2021CCGL: Contrastive Cascade Graph Learning27 Jul 2021
- 2021Robust Dynamic Network Embedding via Ensembles30 May 2021
- 2021On the Equivalence Between Temporal and Static Graph Representations for Observational Predictions12 Mar 2021
- 2021FeatureNorm: L2 Feature Normalization for Dynamic Graph Embedding27 Feb 2021
- 2021Pre-Training on Dynamic Graph Neural Networks24 Feb 2021
- 2021Alignment and stability of embeddings: measurement and inference improvement18 Jan 2021
- 2021Inductive Representation Learning in Temporal Networks via Causal Anonymous Walks15 Jan 2021
- 2021A Survey on Embedding Dynamic Graphs4 Jan 2021
- 2021Inductive Representation Learning in Temporal Networks via Causal Anonymous Walkscited by 188
- 2022A Survey on Graph Representation Learning Methodscited by 66
- 2021A Survey on Embedding Dynamic Graphscited by 60
- 2023Graph Neural Networks for temporal graphs: State of the art, open challenges, and opportunitiescited by 60
- 2022Neighborhood-aware Scalable Temporal Network Representation Learningcited by 54
- 2023Continual Learning on Dynamic Graphs via Parameter Isolationcited by 35
- 2022EvoKG: Jointly Modeling Event Time and Network Structure for Reasoning over Temporal Knowledge Graphscited by 27
- 2023SAD: Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection on Dynamic Graphscited by 27
- 2021FeatureNorm: L2 Feature Normalization for Dynamic Graph Embeddingcited by 19
- 2024State Space Models on Temporal Graphs: A First-Principles Studycited by 16
- 2023Dynamic Graph Representation Learning with Neural Networks: A Surveycited by 15
- 2021Pre-Training on Dynamic Graph Neural Networkscited by 11
12 most cited of 44 All 44 (JSON)
- 2026Decoupled and Divergence-Conditioned Prompt for Multi-domain Dynamic Graph Foundation Models13 May 2026
- 2025JiuTian Chuanliu: A Large Spatiotemporal Model for General-purpose Dynamic Urban Sensing26 Oct 2025
- 2025When Embedding Models Meet: Procrustes Bounds and Applications15 Oct 2025
- 2025EvoFormer: Learning Dynamic Graph-Level Representations with Structural and Temporal Bias Correction21 Aug 2025
- 2025Unifying Structural Proximity and Equivalence for Enhanced Dynamic Network Embedding14 Mar 2025
- 2024State Space Models on Temporal Graphs: A First-Principles Study3 Jun 2024
- 2024Robust Training of Temporal GNNs using Nearest Neighbours based Hard Negatives14 Feb 2024
- 2024Scalable and Efficient Temporal Graph Representation Learning via Forward Recent Sampling3 Feb 2024
- 2024Temporal Link Prediction Using Graph Embedding Dynamics15 Jan 2024
- 2023LasTGL: An Industrial Framework for Large-Scale Temporal Graph Learning28 Nov 2023
- 2023A Simple and Powerful Framework for Stable Dynamic Network Embedding14 Nov 2023
- 2023ForeSeer: Product Aspect Forecasting Using Temporal Graph Embedding7 Oct 2023
12 newest of 44 All 44 (JSON)