Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Multi-Step Generative Models
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
We consider model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) in 2-agent, high-fidelity continuous control problems -- an important domain for robots interacting with other agents in the same workspace. For non-trivial dynamical systems, MBRL typically suffers from accumulating errors. Several recent studies have addressed this problem by learning latent variable models for trajectory segments and optimizing over behavior in the latent space. In this work, we investigate whether this approach can be extended to 2-agent competitive and cooperative settings. The fundamental challenge is how to learn models that capture interactions between agents, yet are disentangled to allow for optimization of each agent behavior separately. We propose such models based on a disentangled variational auto-encoder, and demonstrate our approach on a simulated 2-robot manipulation task, where one robot can either help or distract the other. We show that our approach has better sample efficiency than a strong model-free RL baseline, and can learn both cooperative and adversarial behavior from the same data.
Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 29 Jan 2019.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2020: 1; 2021: 4; 2022: 5; 2023: 2; 2024: 1; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.
18 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2020PLAS: Latent Action Space for Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 133
- 2025Multi-agent Embodied AI: Advances and Future Directionscited by 36
- 2022Scalable Multi-Agent Model-Based Reinforcement Learningcited by 25
- 2021Model-based Multi-agent Policy Optimization with Adaptive Opponent-wise Rolloutscited by 24
- 2021Model-Based Opponent Modelingcited by 22
- 2022Model-based Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning: Recent Progress and Prospectscited by 17
- 2021MAMBPO: Sample-efficient multi-robot reinforcement learning using learned world modelscited by 16
- 2021Centralized Model and Exploration Policy for Multi-Agent RLcited by 12
- 2022Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Shared Resources for Inventory Managementcited by 5
- 2023MABL: Bi-Level Latent-Variable World Model for Sample-Efficient Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
- 2023Co-Learning Empirical Games and World Modelscited by 4
- 2026Agent-Fence: Mapping Security Vulnerabilities Across Deep Research Agentscited by 3
6 more
- 2025Ego-centric Learning of Communicative World Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2022Training and Evaluation of Deep Policies using Reinforcement Learning and Generative Modelscited by 1
- 2022Hierarchical Strategies for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2025Combining Bayesian Inference and Reinforcement Learning for Agent Decision Making: A Reviewcited by 1
- 2025GenAI-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning towards Distributed Agent Intelligence: A Generative-RL Agent Perspectivecited by 1
- 2024Reaching Consensus in Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Goal Imaginationcited by 0
- 2026Agent-Fence: Mapping Security Vulnerabilities Across Deep Research Agents7 Feb 2026
- 2025GenAI-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning towards Distributed Agent Intelligence: A Generative-RL Agent Perspective13 Jul 2025
- 2025Ego-centric Learning of Communicative World Models for Autonomous Driving9 Jun 2025
- 2025Combining Bayesian Inference and Reinforcement Learning for Agent Decision Making: A Review12 May 2025
- 2025Multi-agent Embodied AI: Advances and Future Directions8 May 2025
- 2024Reaching Consensus in Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Goal Imagination5 Mar 2024
- 2023Co-Learning Empirical Games and World Models23 May 2023
- 2023MABL: Bi-Level Latent-Variable World Model for Sample-Efficient Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning12 Apr 2023
- 2022Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Shared Resources for Inventory Management15 Dec 2022
- 2022Hierarchical Strategies for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning14 Dec 2022
- 2022Scalable Multi-Agent Model-Based Reinforcement Learning25 May 2022
- 2022Training and Evaluation of Deep Policies using Reinforcement Learning and Generative Models18 Apr 2022
6 more
- 2022Model-based Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning: Recent Progress and Prospects20 Mar 2022
- 2021Model-Based Opponent Modeling4 Aug 2021
- 2021Centralized Model and Exploration Policy for Multi-Agent RL14 Jul 2021
- 2021Model-based Multi-agent Policy Optimization with Adaptive Opponent-wise Rollouts7 May 2021
- 2021MAMBPO: Sample-efficient multi-robot reinforcement learning using learned world models5 Mar 2021
- 2020PLAS: Latent Action Space for Offline Reinforcement Learning14 Nov 2020
- 2021MAMBPO: Sample-efficient multi-robot reinforcement learning using learned world modelscited by 16
- 2023MABL: Bi-Level Latent-Variable World Model for Sample-Efficient Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
- 2023Co-Learning Empirical Games and World Modelscited by 4
- 2025Ego-centric Learning of Communicative World Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2025Ego-centric Learning of Communicative World Models for Autonomous Driving9 Jun 2025
- 2023Co-Learning Empirical Games and World Models23 May 2023
- 2023MABL: Bi-Level Latent-Variable World Model for Sample-Efficient Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning12 Apr 2023
- 2021MAMBPO: Sample-efficient multi-robot reinforcement learning using learned world models5 Mar 2021
- 2020PLAS: Latent Action Space for Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 133
- 2020PLAS: Latent Action Space for Offline Reinforcement Learning14 Nov 2020
- 2025Multi-agent Embodied AI: Advances and Future Directionscited by 36
- 2022Scalable Multi-Agent Model-Based Reinforcement Learningcited by 25
- 2021Model-based Multi-agent Policy Optimization with Adaptive Opponent-wise Rolloutscited by 24
- 2021Model-Based Opponent Modelingcited by 22
- 2022Model-based Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning: Recent Progress and Prospectscited by 17
- 2021Centralized Model and Exploration Policy for Multi-Agent RLcited by 12
- 2022Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Shared Resources for Inventory Managementcited by 5
- 2022Training and Evaluation of Deep Policies using Reinforcement Learning and Generative Modelscited by 1
- 2022Hierarchical Strategies for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2025GenAI-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning towards Distributed Agent Intelligence: A Generative-RL Agent Perspectivecited by 1
- 2024Reaching Consensus in Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Goal Imaginationcited by 0
- 2025GenAI-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning towards Distributed Agent Intelligence: A Generative-RL Agent Perspective13 Jul 2025
- 2025Multi-agent Embodied AI: Advances and Future Directions8 May 2025
- 2024Reaching Consensus in Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Goal Imagination5 Mar 2024
- 2022Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Shared Resources for Inventory Management15 Dec 2022
- 2022Hierarchical Strategies for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning14 Dec 2022
- 2022Scalable Multi-Agent Model-Based Reinforcement Learning25 May 2022
- 2022Training and Evaluation of Deep Policies using Reinforcement Learning and Generative Models18 Apr 2022
- 2022Model-based Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning: Recent Progress and Prospects20 Mar 2022
- 2021Model-Based Opponent Modeling4 Aug 2021
- 2021Centralized Model and Exploration Policy for Multi-Agent RL14 Jul 2021
- 2021Model-based Multi-agent Policy Optimization with Adaptive Opponent-wise Rollouts7 May 2021