Abduction-Based Explanations for Machine Learning Models
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
The growing range of applications of Machine Learning (ML) in a multitude of settings motivates the ability of computing small explanations for predictions made. Small explanations are generally accepted as easier for human decision makers to understand. Most earlier work on computing explanations is based on heuristic approaches, providing no guarantees of quality, in terms of how close such solutions are from cardinality- or subset-minimal explanations. This paper develops a constraint-agnostic solution for computing explanations for any ML model. The proposed solution exploits abductive reasoning, and imposes the requirement that the ML model can be represented as sets of constraints using some target constraint reasoning system for which the decision problem can be answered with some oracle. The experimental results, obtained on well-known datasets, validate the scalability of the proposed approach as well as the quality of the computed solutions.
Key facts. Cited by 159 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 26 Nov 2018.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 19; 2022: 23; 2023: 33; 2024: 18; 2025: 31; 2026: 35.
159 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2022From Anecdotal Evidence to Quantitative Evaluation Methods: A Systematic Review on Evaluating Explainable AIcited by 299
- 2024Marabou 2.0: A Versatile Formal Analyzer of Neural Networkscited by 81
- 2021On Explaining Random Forests with SATcited by 57
- 2021On Guaranteed Optimal Robust Explanations for NLP Modelscited by 54
- 2022Logic-Based Explainability in Machine Learningcited by 47
- 2023Adversarial attacks and defenses in explainable artificial intelligence: A surveycited by 47
- 2021Local Explanations via Necessity and Sufficiency: Unifying Theory and Practicecited by 45
- 2022On Tackling Explanation Redundancy in Decision Treescited by 44
- 2022Towards Formal XAI: Formally Approximate Minimal Explanations of Neural Networkscited by 42
- 2021On the Computational Intelligibility of Boolean Classifierscited by 40
- 2021SAT-Based Rigorous Explanations for Decision Listscited by 40
- 2021Explanations for Monotonic Classifierscited by 39
38 more
- 2022Don't Lie to Me! Robust and Efficient Explainability with Verified Perturbation Analysiscited by 38
- 2021On Efficiently Explaining Graph-Based Classifierscited by 37
- 2021Defining and Quantifying the Emergence of Sparse Concepts in DNNscited by 36
- 2023Towards LogiGLUE: A Brief Survey and A Benchmark for Analyzing Logical Reasoning Capabilities of Language Modelscited by 35
- 2021Trading Complexity for Sparsity in Random Forest Explanationscited by 32
- 2021Provably efficient, succinct, and precise explanationscited by 32
- 2022VeriX: Towards Verified Explainability of Deep Neural Networkscited by 30
- 2023The Inadequacy of Shapley Values for Explainabilitycited by 30
- 2021Foundations of Symbolic Languages for Model Interpretabilitycited by 26
- 2022ASTERYX : A model-Agnostic SaT-basEd appRoach for sYmbolic and score-based eXplanationscited by 26
- 2021Probabilistic Sufficient Explanationscited by 24
- 2023Interactive Explanations by Conflict Resolution via Argumentative Exchangescited by 24
- 2023Formally Explaining Neural Networks within Reactive Systemscited by 24
- 2022On the Computation of Necessary and Sufficient Explanationscited by 23
- 2022Eliminating The Impossible, Whatever Remains Must Be Truecited by 23
- 2022Computing Abductive Explanations for Boosted Treescited by 23
- 2022Robust Explanation Constraints for Neural Networkscited by 23
- 2023Logic for Explainable AIcited by 23
- 2023Explainability is NOT a Gamecited by 23
- 2024Local vs. Global Interpretability: A Computational Complexity Perspectivecited by 23
- 2022Feature Necessity & Relevancy in ML Classifier Explanationscited by 22
- 2024Distance-Restricted Explanations: Theoretical Underpinnings & Efficient Implementationcited by 20
- 2022On Computing Probabilistic Abductive Explanationscited by 18
- 2023SpArX: Sparse Argumentative Explanations for Neural Networks [Technical Report]cited by 18
- 2022AbductionRules: Training Transformers to Explain Unexpected Inputscited by 17
- 2021On Quantifying Literals in Boolean Logic and Its Applications to Explainable AIcited by 16
- 2023Delivering Inflated Explanationscited by 16
- 2021A unified logical framework for explanations in classifier systemscited by 15
- 2023From Robustness to Explainability and Back Againcited by 14
- 2025Explaining, Fast and Slow: Abstraction and Refinement of Provable Explanationscited by 13
- 2021Efficient Explanations With Relevant Setscited by 12
- 2023Disproving XAI Myths with Formal Methods -- Initial Resultscited by 12
- 2024Contestable AI needs Computational Argumentationcited by 12
- 2023On Formal Feature Attribution and Its Approximationcited by 11
- 2024Hard to Explain: On the Computational Hardness of In-Distribution Model Interpretationcited by 11
- 2025Explain Yourself, Briefly! Self-Explaining Neural Networks with Concise Sufficient Reasonscited by 11
- 2022New Definitions and Evaluations for Saliency Methods: Staying Intrinsic, Complete and Soundcited by 10
- 2023Language Models as a Service: Overview of a New Paradigm and its Challengescited by 10
50 most cited of 159 All 159 (JSON)
- 2026Probabilistic Linear Explanations16 Sep 2026
- 2026Neuron Activation-based Computation of Logical Explanations for Deep Neural Networks12 Sep 2026
- 2026Solving Hard XAI Queries Based on a Compiled Dual-Rail Encoding4 Sep 2026
- 2026From Abductive Explanations to Global Logical Rules for Node Classification in SGCs17 Aug 2026
- 2026Beyond L2: Generalizing Abductive Latent Explanations to Diverse Prototype-Based Architectures17 Aug 2026
- 2026Representative Sets in Propositional Abduction23 Jul 2026
- 2026ExplAIner: A Declarative Query Language for Explaining Classification Models7 Jul 2026
- 2026Are Safety Guarantees in Neural Networks Safe? How to Compute Trustworthy Robustness Certifications22 Jun 2026
- 2026Beyond Explaining Predictions: Logic-Based Explanations for Confidence in Machine Learning Models9 Jun 2026
- 2026Constraint-Anchored Attribution: Feasibility-Certified Counterfactuals and Bonferroni-PAC Sufficient Subsets for Neural CO Policies24 May 2026
- 2026Hoeffding Concept Bottleneck Models with Applications to Overhead Images22 May 2026
- 2026Verified SHAP: Provable Bounds for Exact Shapley Values of Neural Networks22 May 2026
38 more
- 2026Dsat: A Native SAT Solver for Discrete Logic10 May 2026
- 2026Concept-Based Abductive and Contrastive Explanations for Behaviors of Vision Models7 May 2026
- 2026ABox Abduction for Inconsistent Knowledge Bases under Repair Semantics2 May 2026
- 2026Binary Spiking Neural Networks as Causal Models29 Apr 2026
- 2026Towards Rigorous Explainability by Feature Attribution17 Apr 2026
- 2026Med-CAM: Minimal Evidence for Explaining Medical Decision Making15 Apr 2026
- 2026Hypergraph Neural Networks Accelerate MUS Enumeration10 Apr 2026
- 2026Towards Verified and Targeted Explanations through Formal Methods5 Apr 2026
- 2026Rigorous Explanations for Tree Ensembles31 Mar 2026
- 2026Formal verification of tree-based machine learning models for lateral spreading17 Mar 2026
- 2026Scaling the Explanation of Multi-Class Bayesian Network Classifiers15 Mar 2026
- 2026Concisely Explaining the Doubt: Minimum-Size Abductive Explanations for Linear Models with a Reject Option14 Mar 2026
- 2026FAME: Formal Abstract Minimal Explanation for Neural Networks11 Mar 2026
- 2026Bound Propagation meets Constraint Simplification: Improving Logic-based XAI for Neural Networks2 Mar 2026
- 2026Generalizing Logic-based Explanations for Machine Learning Classifiers via Optimization2 Mar 2026
- 2026Enhancing Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score Transparency through Logic-Based XAI25 Feb 2026
- 2026Slice and Explain: Logic-Based Explanations for Neural Networks through Domain Slicing25 Feb 2026
- 2026Unifying Formal Explanations: A Complexity-Theoretic Perspective20 Feb 2026
- 2026Provably Explaining Neural Additive Models19 Feb 2026
- 2026Formal Mechanistic Interpretability: Automated Circuit Discovery with Provable Guarantees18 Feb 2026
- 2026Circuit Representations of Random Forests with Applications to XAI9 Feb 2026
- 2026Aligned explanations in neural networks7 Jan 2026
- 2026Formally Explaining Decision Tree Models with Answer Set Programming7 Jan 2026
- 2025Faster Verified Explanations for Neural Networks28 Nov 2025
- 2025Space Explanations of Neural Network Classification27 Nov 2025
- 2025Extracting Robust Register Automata from Neural Networks over Data Sequences24 Nov 2025
- 2025Formal Abductive Latent Explanations for Prototype-Based Networks20 Nov 2025
- 2025Sufficient Explanations in Databases and their Connections to Database Repairs19 Nov 2025
- 2025Explaining Decisions in ML Models: a Parameterized Complexity Analysis (Part I)5 Nov 2025
- 2025Uncovering Bugs in Formal Explainers: A Case Study with PyXAI5 Nov 2025
- 2025SHAP Meets Tensor Networks: Provably Tractable Explanations with Parallelism24 Oct 2025
- 2025Additive Models Explained: A Computational Complexity Approach24 Oct 2025
- 2025Leveraging Association Rules for Better Predictions and Better Explanations21 Oct 2025
- 2025A Rectification-Based Approach for Distilling Boosted Trees into Decision Trees21 Oct 2025
- 2025EXP-CAM: Explanation Generation and Circuit Discovery Using Classifier Activation Matching30 Sep 2025
- 2025Activation Matching for Explanation Generation27 Sep 2025
- 2025Bridging the Gap Between Scientific Laws Derived by AI Systems and Canonical Knowledge via Abductive Inference with AI-Noether26 Sep 2025
- 2025Efficient & Correct Predictive Equivalence for Decision Trees22 Sep 2025
50 newest of 159 All 159 (JSON)
- 2022From Anecdotal Evidence to Quantitative Evaluation Methods: A Systematic Review on Evaluating Explainable AIcited by 299
- 2024Marabou 2.0: A Versatile Formal Analyzer of Neural Networkscited by 81
- 2021On Explaining Random Forests with SATcited by 57
- 2021On Guaranteed Optimal Robust Explanations for NLP Modelscited by 54
- 2022Logic-Based Explainability in Machine Learningcited by 47
- 2023Adversarial attacks and defenses in explainable artificial intelligence: A surveycited by 47
- 2021Local Explanations via Necessity and Sufficiency: Unifying Theory and Practicecited by 45
- 2022On Tackling Explanation Redundancy in Decision Treescited by 44
- 2022Towards Formal XAI: Formally Approximate Minimal Explanations of Neural Networkscited by 42
- 2021On the Computational Intelligibility of Boolean Classifierscited by 40
- 2021SAT-Based Rigorous Explanations for Decision Listscited by 40
- 2021Explanations for Monotonic Classifierscited by 39
12 most cited of 156 All 156 (JSON)
- 2026Probabilistic Linear Explanations16 Sep 2026
- 2026Neuron Activation-based Computation of Logical Explanations for Deep Neural Networks12 Sep 2026
- 2026Solving Hard XAI Queries Based on a Compiled Dual-Rail Encoding4 Sep 2026
- 2026From Abductive Explanations to Global Logical Rules for Node Classification in SGCs17 Aug 2026
- 2026Beyond L2: Generalizing Abductive Latent Explanations to Diverse Prototype-Based Architectures17 Aug 2026
- 2026Representative Sets in Propositional Abduction23 Jul 2026
- 2026ExplAIner: A Declarative Query Language for Explaining Classification Models7 Jul 2026
- 2026Are Safety Guarantees in Neural Networks Safe? How to Compute Trustworthy Robustness Certifications22 Jun 2026
- 2026Beyond Explaining Predictions: Logic-Based Explanations for Confidence in Machine Learning Models9 Jun 2026
- 2026Constraint-Anchored Attribution: Feasibility-Certified Counterfactuals and Bonferroni-PAC Sufficient Subsets for Neural CO Policies24 May 2026
- 2026Hoeffding Concept Bottleneck Models with Applications to Overhead Images22 May 2026
- 2026Verified SHAP: Provable Bounds for Exact Shapley Values of Neural Networks22 May 2026
12 newest of 156 All 156 (JSON)