Spectrally approximating large graphs with smaller graphs
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Abstract (arXiv)
How does coarsening affect the spectrum of a general graph? We provide conditions such that the principal eigenvalues and eigenspaces of a coarsened and original graph Laplacian matrices are close. The achieved approximation is shown to depend on standard graph-theoretic properties, such as the degree and eigenvalue distributions, as well as on the ratio between the coarsened and actual graph sizes. Our results carry implications for learning methods that utilize coarsening. For the particular case of spectral clustering, they imply that coarse eigenvectors can be used to derive good quality assignments even without refinement---this phenomenon was previously observed, but lacked formal justification.
Key facts. Cited by 56 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 21 Feb 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 7; 2023: 8; 2024: 18; 2025: 10; 2026: 6.
56 papers.
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- 2021Graph Condensation for Graph Neural Networkscited by 150
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey on Graph Reduction: Sparsification, Coarsening, and Condensationcited by 57
- 2021Graph Coarsening with Neural Networkscited by 55
- 2022Graph Filters for Signal Processing and Machine Learning on Graphscited by 53
- 2023Does Graph Distillation See Like Vision Dataset Counterpart?cited by 45
- 2022SizeShiftReg: a Regularization Method for Improving Size-Generalization in Graph Neural Networkscited by 36
- 2023Efficient and Scalable Graph Generation through Iterative Local Expansioncited by 35
- 2024Accelerating Transformers with Spectrum-Preserving Token Mergingcited by 35
- 2023Graph Condensation for Inductive Node Representation Learningcited by 31
- 2024Graph Condensation: A Surveycited by 23
- 2024Rethinking and Accelerating Graph Condensation: A Training-Free Approach with Class Partitioncited by 23
- 2023Data-centric Graph Learning: A Surveycited by 22
38 more
- 2022Comprehensive Graph Gradual Pruning for Sparse Training in Graph Neural Networkscited by 18
- 2023A Survey on Graph Neural Network Acceleration: Algorithms, Systems, and Customized Hardwarecited by 18
- 2023A Gromov--Wasserstein Geometric View of Spectrum-Preserving Graph Coarseningcited by 15
- 2021Partition and Code: learning how to compress graphscited by 10
- 2021SQALER: Scaling Question Answering by Decoupling Multi-Hop and Logical Reasoningcited by 10
- 2024Disentangled Condensation for Large-scale Graphscited by 10
- 2022A Unified Framework for Optimization-Based Graph Coarseningcited by 9
- 2024Graph Condensation for Open-World Graph Learningcited by 9
- 2024Graph Coarsening with Message-Passing Guaranteescited by 9
- 2024Graph Coarsening via Supervised Granular-Ball for Scalable Graph Neural Network Trainingcited by 9
- 2024Simple Graph Condensationcited by 8
- 2022HyperEF: Spectral Hypergraph Coarsening by Effective-Resistance Clusteringcited by 6
- 2023Adversarial Erasing with Pruned Elements: Towards Better Graph Lottery Ticketcited by 5
- 2021HyperSF: Spectral Hypergraph Coarsening via Flow-based Local Clusteringcited by 4
- 2024TEDDY: Trimming Edges with Degree-based Discrimination strategYcited by 4
- 2024Calibrated Dataset Condensation for Faster Hyperparameter Searchcited by 4
- 2024Spectral Greedy Coresets for Graph Neural Networkscited by 3
- 2025Taxonomy of reduction matrices for Graph Coarseningcited by 3
- 2022FunQG: Molecular Representation Learning Via Quotient Graphscited by 2
- 2025Partition-wise Graph Filtering: A Unified Perspective Through the Lens of Graph Coarseningcited by 2
- 2025GBGC: Efficient and Adaptive Graph Coarsening via Granular-ball Computingcited by 2
- 2025Heterogeneous Graph Representation of Stiffened Panels with Non-Uniform Boundary Conditions and Loadscited by 2
- 2026StructSAM: Structure- and Spectrum-Preserving Token Merging for Segment Anything Modelscited by 2
- 2022SMGRL: Scalable Multi-resolution Graph Representation Learningcited by 1
- 2024On the Robustness of Graph Reduction Against GNN Backdoorcited by 1
- 2025Rotary Position Encodings for Graphscited by 1
- 2021Interferometric Graph Transform for Community Labelingcited by 0
- 2021Low-Rank Projections of GCNs Laplaciancited by 0
- 2023Fast and Effective GNN Training through Sequences of Random Path Graphscited by 0
- 2024Efficient User Sequence Learning for Online Services via Compressed Graph Neural Networkscited by 0
- 2024Modularity aided consistent attributed graph clustering via coarseningcited by 0
- 2024SHyPar: A Spectral Coarsening Approach to Hypergraph Partitioningcited by 0
- 2024On the Adversarial Robustness of Graph Neural Networks with Graph Reductioncited by 0
- 2024PASCO (PArallel Structured COarsening): an overlay to speed up graph clustering algorithmscited by 0
- 2025Inference-friendly Graph Compression for Graph Neural Networkscited by 0
- 2025Test-Time Search in Neural Graph Coarsening Procedures for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problemcited by 0
- 2025BoolSkeleton: Boolean Network Skeletonization via Homogeneous Pattern Reductioncited by 0
- 2025LGDC: Latent Graph Diffusion via Spectrum-Preserving Coarseningcited by 0
50 most cited of 56 All 56 (JSON)
- 2026Dual-GNN Multilevel Coarsening for Maximum Independent Set21 Sep 2026
- 2026Does Graph Compression Preserve Signal Propagation?25 Jul 2026
- 2026Efficient Recommendations via Graph Coarsening and Label Propagation24 Jul 2026
- 2026Remedying Coarsening-Based GNN Training under Heterophily via Adaptive Complementary Enhancement24 Jul 2026
- 2026StructSAM: Structure- and Spectrum-Preserving Token Merging for Segment Anything Models7 Mar 2026
- 2026Scalable Topology-Preserving Graph Coarsening: Concepts and Algorithms30 Jan 2026
- 2025Topological Spatial Graph Coarsening30 Dec 2025
- 2025LGDC: Latent Graph Diffusion via Spectrum-Preserving Coarsening1 Dec 2025
- 2025BoolSkeleton: Boolean Network Skeletonization via Homogeneous Pattern Reduction4 Nov 2025
- 2025Heterogeneous Graph Representation of Stiffened Panels with Non-Uniform Boundary Conditions and Loads2 Oct 2025
- 2025Test-Time Search in Neural Graph Coarsening Procedures for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem1 Oct 2025
- 2025Rotary Position Encodings for Graphs26 Sep 2025
38 more
- 2025GBGC: Efficient and Adaptive Graph Coarsening via Granular-ball Computing24 Jun 2025
- 2025Taxonomy of reduction matrices for Graph Coarsening13 Jun 2025
- 2025Partition-wise Graph Filtering: A Unified Perspective Through the Lens of Graph Coarsening20 May 2025
- 2025Inference-friendly Graph Compression for Graph Neural Networks17 Apr 2025
- 2024Graph Coarsening via Supervised Granular-Ball for Scalable Graph Neural Network Training18 Dec 2024
- 2024PASCO (PArallel Structured COarsening): an overlay to speed up graph clustering algorithms18 Dec 2024
- 2024On the Adversarial Robustness of Graph Neural Networks with Graph Reduction8 Dec 2024
- 2024SHyPar: A Spectral Coarsening Approach to Hypergraph Partitioning9 Oct 2024
- 2024Modularity aided consistent attributed graph clustering via coarsening9 Jul 2024
- 2024On the Robustness of Graph Reduction Against GNN Backdoor2 Jul 2024
- 2024Efficient User Sequence Learning for Online Services via Compressed Graph Neural Networks5 Jun 2024
- 2024Graph Coarsening with Message-Passing Guarantees28 May 2024
- 2024Calibrated Dataset Condensation for Faster Hyperparameter Search27 May 2024
- 2024Spectral Greedy Coresets for Graph Neural Networks27 May 2024
- 2024Graph Condensation for Open-World Graph Learning27 May 2024
- 2024Accelerating Transformers with Spectrum-Preserving Token Merging25 May 2024
- 2024Rethinking and Accelerating Graph Condensation: A Training-Free Approach with Class Partition22 May 2024
- 2024Simple Graph Condensation22 Mar 2024
- 2024TEDDY: Trimming Edges with Degree-based Discrimination strategY2 Feb 2024
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey on Graph Reduction: Sparsification, Coarsening, and Condensation29 Jan 2024
- 2024Graph Condensation: A Survey22 Jan 2024
- 2024Disentangled Condensation for Large-scale Graphs18 Jan 2024
- 2023Efficient and Scalable Graph Generation through Iterative Local Expansion14 Dec 2023
- 2023Does Graph Distillation See Like Vision Dataset Counterpart?13 Oct 2023
- 2023Data-centric Graph Learning: A Survey8 Oct 2023
- 2023Adversarial Erasing with Pruned Elements: Towards Better Graph Lottery Ticket5 Aug 2023
- 2023Graph Condensation for Inductive Node Representation Learning29 Jul 2023
- 2023A Survey on Graph Neural Network Acceleration: Algorithms, Systems, and Customized Hardware24 Jun 2023
- 2023A Gromov--Wasserstein Geometric View of Spectrum-Preserving Graph Coarsening15 Jun 2023
- 2023Fast and Effective GNN Training through Sequences of Random Path Graphs7 Jun 2023
- 2022Graph Filters for Signal Processing and Machine Learning on Graphs16 Nov 2022
- 2022HyperEF: Spectral Hypergraph Coarsening by Effective-Resistance Clustering26 Oct 2022
- 2022A Unified Framework for Optimization-Based Graph Coarsening2 Oct 2022
- 2022Comprehensive Graph Gradual Pruning for Sparse Training in Graph Neural Networks18 Jul 2022
- 2022FunQG: Molecular Representation Learning Via Quotient Graphs18 Jul 2022
- 2022SizeShiftReg: a Regularization Method for Improving Size-Generalization in Graph Neural Networks16 Jul 2022
- 2022SMGRL: Scalable Multi-resolution Graph Representation Learning29 Jan 2022
- 2021SQALER: Scaling Question Answering by Decoupling Multi-Hop and Logical Reasoning27 Oct 2021
50 newest of 56 All 56 (JSON)
- 2021Graph Condensation for Graph Neural Networkscited by 150
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey on Graph Reduction: Sparsification, Coarsening, and Condensationcited by 57
- 2021Graph Coarsening with Neural Networkscited by 55
- 2022Graph Filters for Signal Processing and Machine Learning on Graphscited by 53
- 2023Does Graph Distillation See Like Vision Dataset Counterpart?cited by 45
- 2022SizeShiftReg: a Regularization Method for Improving Size-Generalization in Graph Neural Networkscited by 36
- 2023Efficient and Scalable Graph Generation through Iterative Local Expansioncited by 35
- 2023Graph Condensation for Inductive Node Representation Learningcited by 31
- 2024Graph Condensation: A Surveycited by 23
- 2024Rethinking and Accelerating Graph Condensation: A Training-Free Approach with Class Partitioncited by 23
- 2023Data-centric Graph Learning: A Surveycited by 22
- 2022Comprehensive Graph Gradual Pruning for Sparse Training in Graph Neural Networkscited by 18
12 most cited of 54 All 54 (JSON)
- 2026Dual-GNN Multilevel Coarsening for Maximum Independent Set21 Sep 2026
- 2026Does Graph Compression Preserve Signal Propagation?25 Jul 2026
- 2026Efficient Recommendations via Graph Coarsening and Label Propagation24 Jul 2026
- 2026Remedying Coarsening-Based GNN Training under Heterophily via Adaptive Complementary Enhancement24 Jul 2026
- 2026Scalable Topology-Preserving Graph Coarsening: Concepts and Algorithms30 Jan 2026
- 2025Topological Spatial Graph Coarsening30 Dec 2025
- 2025LGDC: Latent Graph Diffusion via Spectrum-Preserving Coarsening1 Dec 2025
- 2025BoolSkeleton: Boolean Network Skeletonization via Homogeneous Pattern Reduction4 Nov 2025
- 2025Heterogeneous Graph Representation of Stiffened Panels with Non-Uniform Boundary Conditions and Loads2 Oct 2025
- 2025Test-Time Search in Neural Graph Coarsening Procedures for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem1 Oct 2025
- 2025Rotary Position Encodings for Graphs26 Sep 2025
- 2025GBGC: Efficient and Adaptive Graph Coarsening via Granular-ball Computing24 Jun 2025
12 newest of 54 All 54 (JSON)