mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Exploring Models and Data for Remote Sensing Image Caption Generation

arXiv 1712.07835 ↗First posted 21 Dec 2017cs.CVcited by 197

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Cited by 72 in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

Inspired by recent development of artificial satellite, remote sensing images have attracted extensive attention. Recently, noticeable progress has been made in scene classification and target detection.However, it is still not clear how to describe the remote sensing image content with accurate and concise sentences. In this paper, we investigate to describe the remote sensing images with accurate and flexible sentences. First, some annotated instructions are presented to better describe the remote sensing images considering the special characteristics of remote sensing images. Second, in order to exhaustively exploit the contents of remote sensing images, a large-scale aerial image data set is constructed for remote sensing image caption. Finally, a comprehensive review is presented on the proposed data set to fully advance the task of remote sensing caption. Extensive experiments on the proposed data set demonstrate that the content of the remote sensing image can be completely described by generating language descriptions. The data set is available at https://github.com/201528014227051/RSICD_optimal

Key facts. Cited by 197 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 21 Dec 2017.

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 15; 2023: 25; 2024: 49; 2025: 63; 2026: 41.

197 papers.

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  1. 2023RemoteCLIP: A Vision Language Foundation Model for Remote Sensingcited by 363
  2. 2023RSGPT: A Remote Sensing Vision Language Model and Benchmarkcited by 207
  3. 2024EarthGPT: A Universal Multi-modal Large Language Model for Multi-sensor Image Comprehension in Remote Sensing Domaincited by 184
  4. 2023RS5M and GeoRSCLIP: A Large Scale Vision-Language Dataset and A Large Vision-Language Model for Remote Sensingcited by 151
  5. 2024LHRS-Bot: Empowering Remote Sensing with VGI-Enhanced Large Multimodal Language Modelcited by 138
  6. 2023SkyScript: A Large and Semantically Diverse Vision-Language Dataset for Remote Sensingcited by 125
  7. 2022RSVG: Exploring Data and Models for Visual Grounding on Remote Sensing Datacited by 123
  8. 2024VRSBench: A Versatile Vision-Language Benchmark Dataset for Remote Sensing Image Understandingcited by 121
  9. 2024SkyEyeGPT: Unifying Remote Sensing Vision-Language Tasks via Instruction Tuning with Large Language Modelcited by 113
  10. 2023Vision-Language Models in Remote Sensing: Current Progress and Future Trendscited by 93
  11. 2024EarthDial: Turning Multi-sensory Earth Observations to Interactive Dialoguescited by 85
  12. 2022Exploring a Fine-Grained Multiscale Method for Cross-Modal Remote Sensing Image Retrievalcited by 77
38 more
  1. 2023Remote Sensing Vision-Language Foundation Models without Annotations via Ground Remote Alignmentcited by 71
  2. 2024TEOChat: A Large Vision-Language Assistant for Temporal Earth Observation Datacited by 70
  3. 2023A Billion-scale Foundation Model for Remote Sensing Imagescited by 62
  4. 2022Transformers in Remote Sensing: A Surveycited by 61
  5. 2023RRSIS: Referring Remote Sensing Image Segmentationcited by 59
  6. 2024CRS-Diff: Controllable Remote Sensing Image Generation with Diffusion Modelcited by 55
  7. 2025XLRS-Bench: Could Your Multimodal LLMs Understand Extremely Large Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery?cited by 51
  8. 2025UAVs Meet LLMs: Overviews and Perspectives Toward Agentic Low-Altitude Mobilitycited by 49
  9. 2025Text2Earth: Unlocking Text-driven Remote Sensing Image Generation with a Global-Scale Dataset and a Foundation Modelcited by 48
  10. 2024Recent Advances of Foundation Language Models-based Continual Learning: A Surveycited by 46
  11. 2023Changes to Captions: An Attentive Network for Remote Sensing Change Captioningcited by 41
  12. 2022Remote Sensing Cross-Modal Text-Image Retrieval Based on Global and Local Informationcited by 40
  13. 2022EarthNets: Empowering AI in Earth Observationcited by 40
  14. 2024Good at captioning, bad at counting: Benchmarking GPT-4V on Earth observation datacited by 39
  15. 2023Visual Instruction Tuning with Polite Flamingocited by 38
  16. 2024Towards Vision-Language Geo-Foundation Model: A Surveycited by 36
  17. 2025DisasterM3: A Remote Sensing Vision-Language Dataset for Disaster Damage Assessment and Responsecited by 36
  18. 2023Visual Explanations of Image-Text Representations via Multi-Modal Information Bottleneck Attributioncited by 34
  19. 2024On the Foundations of Earth and Climate Foundation Modelscited by 33
  20. 2024STAR: A First-Ever Dataset and A Large-Scale Benchmark for Scene Graph Generation in Large-Size Satellite Imagerycited by 31
  21. 2022Txt2Img-MHN: Remote Sensing Image Generation from Text Using Modern Hopfield Networkscited by 30
  22. 2023S-CLIP: Semi-supervised Vision-Language Learning using Few Specialist Captionscited by 30
  23. 2024Large Language Models for Captioning and Retrieving Remote Sensing Imagescited by 30
  24. 2024GeoLLM-Engine: A Realistic Environment for Building Geospatial Copilotscited by 30
  25. 2021Change Detection Meets Visual Question Answeringcited by 29
  26. 2023RSDiff: Remote Sensing Image Generation from Text Using Diffusion Modelcited by 29
  27. 2024EarthMarker: A Visual Prompting Multi-modal Large Language Model for Remote Sensingcited by 29
  28. 2023APPLeNet: Visual Attention Parameterized Prompt Learning for Few-Shot Remote Sensing Image Generalization using CLIPcited by 24
  29. 2023Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning for Remote Sensing Image-Text Retrievalcited by 24
  30. 2024ChatEarthNet: A Global-Scale Image-Text Dataset Empowering Vision-Language Geo-Foundation Modelscited by 24
  31. 2022AI Security for Geoscience and Remote Sensing: Challenges and Future Trendscited by 23
  32. 2023Domain-Controlled Prompt Learningcited by 22
  33. 2025X-Transfer Attacks: Towards Super Transferable Adversarial Attacks on CLIPcited by 21
  34. 2025RingMo-Agent: A Unified Remote Sensing Foundation Model for Multi-Platform and Multi-Modal Reasoningcited by 20
  35. 2025A Survey on Remote Sensing Foundation Models: From Vision to Multimodalitycited by 19
  36. 2023Bootstrapping Interactive Image-Text Alignment for Remote Sensing Image Captioningcited by 18
  37. 2025Vision-Language Modeling Meets Remote Sensing: Models, Datasets and Perspectivescited by 18
  38. 2025DynamicVL: Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models for Dynamic City Understandingcited by 18

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