Knowledge Base Completion: Baselines Strike Back
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Abstract (arXiv)
Many papers have been published on the knowledge base completion task in the past few years. Most of these introduce novel architectures for relation learning that are evaluated on standard datasets such as FB15k and WN18. This paper shows that the accuracy of almost all models published on the FB15k can be outperformed by an appropriately tuned baseline - our reimplementation of the DistMult model. Our findings cast doubt on the claim that the performance improvements of recent models are due to architectural changes as opposed to hyper-parameter tuning or different training objectives. This should prompt future research to re-consider how the performance of models is evaluated and reported.
Key facts. Cited by 39 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 30 May 2017.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 14; 2022: 9; 2023: 8; 2024: 4; 2025: 2; 2026: 2.
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- 2021Accounting for Variance in Machine Learning Benchmarkscited by 195
- 2023Elo Uncovered: Robustness and Best Practices in Language Model Evaluationcited by 58
- 2021Randomness In Neural Network Training: Characterizing The Impact of Toolingcited by 57
- 2021Relation Prediction as an Auxiliary Training Objective for Improving Multi-Relational Graph Representationscited by 37
- 2021Role-Aware Modeling for N-ary Relational Knowledge Basescited by 29
- 2022HousE: Knowledge Graph Embedding with Householder Parameterizationcited by 29
- 2021Adversarial Attacks on Knowledge Graph Embeddings via Instance Attribution Methodscited by 16
- 2021Knowledge Hypergraph Embedding Meets Relational Algebracited by 10
- 2021Learning Embeddings from Knowledge Graphs With Numeric Edge Attributescited by 10
- 2022A Revealing Large-Scale Evaluation of Unsupervised Anomaly Detection Algorithmscited by 10
- 2022CARE: Certifiably Robust Learning with Reasoning via Variational Inferencecited by 10
- 2023Sem@K: Is my knowledge graph embedding model semantic-aware?cited by 10
27 more
- 2023Learning to Substitute Ingredients in Recipescited by 8
- 2021Unified Interpretation of Softmax Cross-Entropy and Negative Sampling: With Case Study for Knowledge Graph Embeddingcited by 7
- 2021GRAPE for Fast and Scalable Graph Processing and random walk-based Embeddingcited by 7
- 2022An Automatic Ontology Generation Framework with An Organizational Perspectivecited by 6
- 2022Geometric Algebra based Embeddings for Static and Temporal Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 6
- 2022Stay Positive: Knowledge Graph Embedding Without Negative Samplingcited by 5
- 2021Ranking vs. Classifying: Measuring Knowledge Base Completion Qualitycited by 4
- 2022KGxBoard: Explainable and Interactive Leaderboard for Evaluation of Knowledge Graph Completion Modelscited by 4
- 2021What is Learned in Knowledge Graph Embeddings?cited by 2
- 2021Prediction of Adverse Biological Effects of Chemicals Using Knowledge Graph Embeddingscited by 2
- 2023On The Fairness Impacts of Hardware Selection in Machine Learningcited by 2
- 2024KGExplainer: Towards Exploring Connected Subgraph Explanations for Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 2
- 2024A Survey on Knowledge Graph Structure and Knowledge Graph Embeddingscited by 2
- 2025Enhancing LLM Tool Use with High-quality Instruction Data from Knowledge Graphcited by 2
- 2021KGE-CL: Contrastive Learning of Tensor Decomposition Based Knowledge Graph Embeddingscited by 1
- 2022SpaceE: Knowledge Graph Embedding by Relational Linear Transformation in the Entity Spacecited by 1
- 2022Assessing the Effects of Hyperparameters on Knowledge Graph Embedding Qualitycited by 1
- 2023Can Persistent Homology provide an efficient alternative for Evaluation of Knowledge Graph Completion Methods?cited by 1
- 2023Temporal Smoothness Regularisers for Neural Link Predictorscited by 1
- 2025On the Theoretical Limitations of Embedding-based Link Predictioncited by 1
- 2021Scalable knowledge base completion with superposition memoriescited by 0
- 2023Fast Knowledge Graph Completion using Graphics Processing Unitscited by 0
- 2023Location Sensitive Embedding for Knowledge Graph Reasoningcited by 0
- 2024A Survey of Reasoning for Substitution Relationships: Definitions, Methods, and Directionscited by 0
- 2024Extending TWIG: Zero-Shot Predictive Hyperparameter Selection for KGEs based on Graph Structurecited by 0
- 2026FixV2W: Correcting Invalid CVE-CWE Mappings with Knowledge Graph Embeddingscited by 0
- 2026When Metrics Disagree: A Meta-Analysis of Knowledge-Graph-Completion Model Benchmarkingcited by 0
- 2026When Metrics Disagree: A Meta-Analysis of Knowledge-Graph-Completion Model Benchmarking9 Jun 2026
- 2026FixV2W: Correcting Invalid CVE-CWE Mappings with Knowledge Graph Embeddings24 Apr 2026
- 2025On the Theoretical Limitations of Embedding-based Link Prediction27 Jun 2025
- 2025Enhancing LLM Tool Use with High-quality Instruction Data from Knowledge Graph26 Jun 2025
- 2024Extending TWIG: Zero-Shot Predictive Hyperparameter Selection for KGEs based on Graph Structure19 Dec 2024
- 2024A Survey on Knowledge Graph Structure and Knowledge Graph Embeddings13 Dec 2024
- 2024A Survey of Reasoning for Substitution Relationships: Definitions, Methods, and Directions9 Apr 2024
- 2024KGExplainer: Towards Exploring Connected Subgraph Explanations for Knowledge Graph Completion5 Apr 2024
- 2023On The Fairness Impacts of Hardware Selection in Machine Learning6 Dec 2023
- 2023Location Sensitive Embedding for Knowledge Graph Reasoning1 Dec 2023
- 2023Elo Uncovered: Robustness and Best Practices in Language Model Evaluation29 Nov 2023
- 2023Temporal Smoothness Regularisers for Neural Link Predictors16 Sep 2023
27 more
- 2023Fast Knowledge Graph Completion using Graphics Processing Units22 Jul 2023
- 2023Learning to Substitute Ingredients in Recipes15 Feb 2023
- 2023Can Persistent Homology provide an efficient alternative for Evaluation of Knowledge Graph Completion Methods?30 Jan 2023
- 2023Sem@K: Is my knowledge graph embedding model semantic-aware?13 Jan 2023
- 2022CARE: Certifiably Robust Learning with Reasoning via Variational Inference12 Sep 2022
- 2022KGxBoard: Explainable and Interactive Leaderboard for Evaluation of Knowledge Graph Completion Models23 Aug 2022
- 2022Assessing the Effects of Hyperparameters on Knowledge Graph Embedding Quality1 Jul 2022
- 2022SpaceE: Knowledge Graph Embedding by Relational Linear Transformation in the Entity Space21 Apr 2022
- 2022A Revealing Large-Scale Evaluation of Unsupervised Anomaly Detection Algorithms21 Apr 2022
- 2022Geometric Algebra based Embeddings for Static and Temporal Knowledge Graph Completion18 Feb 2022
- 2022HousE: Knowledge Graph Embedding with Householder Parameterization16 Feb 2022
- 2022An Automatic Ontology Generation Framework with An Organizational Perspective15 Jan 2022
- 2022Stay Positive: Knowledge Graph Embedding Without Negative Sampling7 Jan 2022
- 2021KGE-CL: Contrastive Learning of Tensor Decomposition Based Knowledge Graph Embeddings9 Dec 2021
- 2021Prediction of Adverse Biological Effects of Chemicals Using Knowledge Graph Embeddings8 Dec 2021
- 2021Adversarial Attacks on Knowledge Graph Embeddings via Instance Attribution Methods4 Nov 2021
- 2021Scalable knowledge base completion with superposition memories24 Oct 2021
- 2021What is Learned in Knowledge Graph Embeddings?19 Oct 2021
- 2021GRAPE for Fast and Scalable Graph Processing and random walk-based Embedding12 Oct 2021
- 2021Relation Prediction as an Auxiliary Training Objective for Improving Multi-Relational Graph Representations6 Oct 2021
- 2021Randomness In Neural Network Training: Characterizing The Impact of Tooling22 Jun 2021
- 2021Unified Interpretation of Softmax Cross-Entropy and Negative Sampling: With Case Study for Knowledge Graph Embedding14 Jun 2021
- 2021Learning Embeddings from Knowledge Graphs With Numeric Edge Attributes18 May 2021
- 2021Role-Aware Modeling for N-ary Relational Knowledge Bases20 Apr 2021
- 2021Accounting for Variance in Machine Learning Benchmarks1 Mar 2021
- 2021Knowledge Hypergraph Embedding Meets Relational Algebra18 Feb 2021
- 2021Ranking vs. Classifying: Measuring Knowledge Base Completion Quality2 Feb 2021
- 2021Accounting for Variance in Machine Learning Benchmarkscited by 195
- 2023Elo Uncovered: Robustness and Best Practices in Language Model Evaluationcited by 58
- 2021Randomness In Neural Network Training: Characterizing The Impact of Toolingcited by 57
- 2021Relation Prediction as an Auxiliary Training Objective for Improving Multi-Relational Graph Representationscited by 37
- 2021Role-Aware Modeling for N-ary Relational Knowledge Basescited by 29
- 2022HousE: Knowledge Graph Embedding with Householder Parameterizationcited by 29
- 2021Knowledge Hypergraph Embedding Meets Relational Algebracited by 10
- 2021Learning Embeddings from Knowledge Graphs With Numeric Edge Attributescited by 10
- 2022A Revealing Large-Scale Evaluation of Unsupervised Anomaly Detection Algorithmscited by 10
- 2022CARE: Certifiably Robust Learning with Reasoning via Variational Inferencecited by 10
- 2023Sem@K: Is my knowledge graph embedding model semantic-aware?cited by 10
- 2023Learning to Substitute Ingredients in Recipescited by 8
12 most cited of 37 All 37 (JSON)
- 2026When Metrics Disagree: A Meta-Analysis of Knowledge-Graph-Completion Model Benchmarking9 Jun 2026
- 2026FixV2W: Correcting Invalid CVE-CWE Mappings with Knowledge Graph Embeddings24 Apr 2026
- 2025On the Theoretical Limitations of Embedding-based Link Prediction27 Jun 2025
- 2024Extending TWIG: Zero-Shot Predictive Hyperparameter Selection for KGEs based on Graph Structure19 Dec 2024
- 2024A Survey on Knowledge Graph Structure and Knowledge Graph Embeddings13 Dec 2024
- 2024A Survey of Reasoning for Substitution Relationships: Definitions, Methods, and Directions9 Apr 2024
- 2024KGExplainer: Towards Exploring Connected Subgraph Explanations for Knowledge Graph Completion5 Apr 2024
- 2023On The Fairness Impacts of Hardware Selection in Machine Learning6 Dec 2023
- 2023Location Sensitive Embedding for Knowledge Graph Reasoning1 Dec 2023
- 2023Elo Uncovered: Robustness and Best Practices in Language Model Evaluation29 Nov 2023
- 2023Temporal Smoothness Regularisers for Neural Link Predictors16 Sep 2023
- 2023Fast Knowledge Graph Completion using Graphics Processing Units22 Jul 2023
12 newest of 37 All 37 (JSON)