Compressing Recurrent Neural Network with Tensor Train
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Abstract (arXiv)
Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) are a popular choice for modeling temporal and sequential tasks and achieve many state-of-the-art performance on various complex problems. However, most of the state-of-the-art RNNs have millions of parameters and require many computational resources for training and predicting new data. This paper proposes an alternative RNN model to reduce the number of parameters significantly by representing the weight parameters based on Tensor Train (TT) format. In this paper, we implement the TT-format representation for several RNN architectures such as simple RNN and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). We compare and evaluate our proposed RNN model with uncompressed RNN model on sequence classification and sequence prediction tasks. Our proposed RNNs with TT-format are able to preserve the performance while reducing the number of RNN parameters significantly up to 40 times smaller.
Key facts. Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 23 May 2017.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 9; 2022: 7; 2023: 3; 2024: 3; 2025: 3; 2026: 3.
28 papers.
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- 2022Low-rank lottery tickets: finding efficient low-rank neural networks via matrix differential equationscited by 42
- 2021Enabling Lightweight Fine-tuning for Pre-trained Language Model Compression based on Matrix Product Operatorscited by 28
- 2025CoLA: Compute-Efficient Pre-Training of LLMs via Low-Rank Activationcited by 28
- 2021QTN-VQC: An End-to-End Learning framework for Quantum Neural Networkscited by 27
- 2023Tensor networks for interpretable and efficient quantum-inspired machine learningcited by 16
- 2021Large-Scale Learning with Fourier Features and Tensor Decompositionscited by 14
- 2024CoMERA: Computing- and Memory-Efficient Training via Rank-Adaptive Tensor Optimizationcited by 14
- 2022Rethinking Bayesian Learning for Data Analysis: The Art of Prior and Inference in Sparsity-Aware Modelingcited by 12
- 2024Guaranteed Nonconvex Factorization Approach for Tensor Train Recoverycited by 8
- 2024Federated Dynamical Low-Rank Training with Global Loss Convergence Guaranteescited by 7
- 2021Tensor-Train Recurrent Neural Networks for Interpretable Multi-Way Financial Forecastingcited by 6
- 2021Doping: A technique for efficient compression of LSTM models using sparse structured additive matricescited by 5
16 more
- 2021On the Memory Mechanism of Tensor-Power Recurrent Modelscited by 5
- 2025A Scalable Factorization Approach for High-Order Structured Tensor Recoverycited by 4
- 20213U-EdgeAI: Ultra-Low Memory Training, Ultra-Low BitwidthQuantization, and Ultra-Low Latency Accelerationcited by 3
- 2021Spectral Pruning for Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 3
- 2022Position: Tensor Networks are a Valuable Asset for Green AIcited by 3
- 2022Canonical convolutional neural networkscited by 3
- 2023Tetra-AML: Automatic Machine Learning via Tensor Networkscited by 3
- 2021Efficient Visual Recognition with Deep Neural Networks: A Survey on Recent Advances and New Directionscited by 2
- 2022TTML: tensor trains for general supervised machine learningcited by 2
- 2023Quantization-Aware and Tensor-Compressed Training of Transformers for Natural Language Understandingcited by 2
- 2026Compressing Transformer Language Models via Matrix Product Operator Decomposition: A Case Study on PicoGPTcited by 2
- 2022Error Analysis of Tensor-Train Cross Approximationcited by 1
- 2025Rec-AD: An Efficient Computation Framework for FDIA Detection Based on Tensor Train Decomposition and Deep Learning Recommendation Modelcited by 1
- 2022Embedding Compression for Text Classification Using Dictionary Screeningcited by 0
- 2026Quantum-inspired tensor networks in machine learning modelscited by 0
- 2026Entropy-Guided Tensor Compression for Multimodal Federated Learning on Edge Devicescited by 0
- 2026Entropy-Guided Tensor Compression for Multimodal Federated Learning on Edge Devices7 Jul 2026
- 2026Quantum-inspired tensor networks in machine learning models15 Apr 2026
- 2026Compressing Transformer Language Models via Matrix Product Operator Decomposition: A Case Study on PicoGPT30 Mar 2026
- 2025Rec-AD: An Efficient Computation Framework for FDIA Detection Based on Tensor Train Decomposition and Deep Learning Recommendation Model19 Jul 2025
- 2025A Scalable Factorization Approach for High-Order Structured Tensor Recovery19 Jun 2025
- 2025CoLA: Compute-Efficient Pre-Training of LLMs via Low-Rank Activation16 Feb 2025
- 2024Federated Dynamical Low-Rank Training with Global Loss Convergence Guarantees25 Jun 2024
- 2024CoMERA: Computing- and Memory-Efficient Training via Rank-Adaptive Tensor Optimization23 May 2024
- 2024Guaranteed Nonconvex Factorization Approach for Tensor Train Recovery5 Jan 2024
- 2023Tensor networks for interpretable and efficient quantum-inspired machine learning19 Nov 2023
- 2023Quantization-Aware and Tensor-Compressed Training of Transformers for Natural Language Understanding1 Jun 2023
- 2023Tetra-AML: Automatic Machine Learning via Tensor Networks28 Mar 2023
16 more
- 2022Embedding Compression for Text Classification Using Dictionary Screening23 Nov 2022
- 2022Error Analysis of Tensor-Train Cross Approximation9 Jul 2022
- 2022Canonical convolutional neural networks3 Jun 2022
- 2022Rethinking Bayesian Learning for Data Analysis: The Art of Prior and Inference in Sparsity-Aware Modeling28 May 2022
- 2022Low-rank lottery tickets: finding efficient low-rank neural networks via matrix differential equations26 May 2022
- 2022Position: Tensor Networks are a Valuable Asset for Green AI25 May 2022
- 2022TTML: tensor trains for general supervised machine learning8 Mar 2022
- 2021QTN-VQC: An End-to-End Learning framework for Quantum Neural Networks6 Oct 2021
- 2021Large-Scale Learning with Fourier Features and Tensor Decompositions3 Sep 2021
- 2021Efficient Visual Recognition with Deep Neural Networks: A Survey on Recent Advances and New Directions30 Aug 2021
- 2021Enabling Lightweight Fine-tuning for Pre-trained Language Model Compression based on Matrix Product Operators4 Jun 2021
- 2021Spectral Pruning for Recurrent Neural Networks23 May 2021
- 20213U-EdgeAI: Ultra-Low Memory Training, Ultra-Low BitwidthQuantization, and Ultra-Low Latency Acceleration11 May 2021
- 2021Tensor-Train Recurrent Neural Networks for Interpretable Multi-Way Financial Forecasting11 May 2021
- 2021On the Memory Mechanism of Tensor-Power Recurrent Models2 Mar 2021
- 2021Doping: A technique for efficient compression of LSTM models using sparse structured additive matrices14 Feb 2021
- 2022Low-rank lottery tickets: finding efficient low-rank neural networks via matrix differential equationscited by 42
- 2021Enabling Lightweight Fine-tuning for Pre-trained Language Model Compression based on Matrix Product Operatorscited by 28
- 2025CoLA: Compute-Efficient Pre-Training of LLMs via Low-Rank Activationcited by 28
- 2021QTN-VQC: An End-to-End Learning framework for Quantum Neural Networkscited by 27
- 2023Tensor networks for interpretable and efficient quantum-inspired machine learningcited by 16
- 2021Large-Scale Learning with Fourier Features and Tensor Decompositionscited by 14
- 2024CoMERA: Computing- and Memory-Efficient Training via Rank-Adaptive Tensor Optimizationcited by 14
- 2022Rethinking Bayesian Learning for Data Analysis: The Art of Prior and Inference in Sparsity-Aware Modelingcited by 12
- 2024Guaranteed Nonconvex Factorization Approach for Tensor Train Recoverycited by 8
- 2024Federated Dynamical Low-Rank Training with Global Loss Convergence Guaranteescited by 7
- 2021Tensor-Train Recurrent Neural Networks for Interpretable Multi-Way Financial Forecastingcited by 6
- 2021Doping: A technique for efficient compression of LSTM models using sparse structured additive matricescited by 5
12 most cited of 28 All 28 (JSON)
- 2026Entropy-Guided Tensor Compression for Multimodal Federated Learning on Edge Devices7 Jul 2026
- 2026Quantum-inspired tensor networks in machine learning models15 Apr 2026
- 2026Compressing Transformer Language Models via Matrix Product Operator Decomposition: A Case Study on PicoGPT30 Mar 2026
- 2025Rec-AD: An Efficient Computation Framework for FDIA Detection Based on Tensor Train Decomposition and Deep Learning Recommendation Model19 Jul 2025
- 2025A Scalable Factorization Approach for High-Order Structured Tensor Recovery19 Jun 2025
- 2025CoLA: Compute-Efficient Pre-Training of LLMs via Low-Rank Activation16 Feb 2025
- 2024Federated Dynamical Low-Rank Training with Global Loss Convergence Guarantees25 Jun 2024
- 2024CoMERA: Computing- and Memory-Efficient Training via Rank-Adaptive Tensor Optimization23 May 2024
- 2024Guaranteed Nonconvex Factorization Approach for Tensor Train Recovery5 Jan 2024
- 2023Tensor networks for interpretable and efficient quantum-inspired machine learning19 Nov 2023
- 2023Quantization-Aware and Tensor-Compressed Training of Transformers for Natural Language Understanding1 Jun 2023
- 2023Tetra-AML: Automatic Machine Learning via Tensor Networks28 Mar 2023
12 newest of 28 All 28 (JSON)