Deep Learning for Video Classification and Captioning
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Abstract (arXiv)
Accelerated by the tremendous increase in Internet bandwidth and storage space, video data has been generated, published and spread explosively, becoming an indispensable part of today's big data. In this paper, we focus on reviewing two lines of research aiming to stimulate the comprehension of videos with deep learning: video classification and video captioning. While video classification concentrates on automatically labeling video clips based on their semantic contents like human actions or complex events, video captioning attempts to generate a complete and natural sentence, enriching the single label as in video classification, to capture the most informative dynamics in videos. In addition, we also provide a review of popular benchmarks and competitions, which are critical for evaluating the technical progress of this vibrant field.
Key facts. Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 22 Sep 2016.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 8; 2023: 7; 2024: 7; 2025: 4.
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- 2022InternVideo: General Video Foundation Models via Generative and Discriminative Learningcited by 447
- 2023Query-Dependent Video Representation for Moment Retrieval and Highlight Detectioncited by 166
- 2024ST-LLM: Large Language Models Are Effective Temporal Learnerscited by 126
- 2022Cap4Video: What Can Auxiliary Captions Do for Text-Video Retrieval?cited by 90
- 2022Disentangled Representation Learning for Text-Video Retrievalcited by 77
- 2023UATVR: Uncertainty-Adaptive Text-Video Retrievalcited by 55
- 2024Lost in Time: A New Temporal Benchmark for VideoLLMscited by 42
- 2022Zero-Shot Video Captioning with Evolving Pseudo-Tokenscited by 25
- 2024PPLLaVA: Varied Video Sequence Understanding With Prompt Guidancecited by 20
- 2022Tencent Text-Video Retrieval: Hierarchical Cross-Modal Interactions with Multi-Level Representationscited by 19
- 2023From Association to Generation: Text-only Captioning by Unsupervised Cross-modal Mappingcited by 11
- 2023Boundary-Denoising for Video Activity Localizationcited by 10
16 more
- 2024DynFocus: Dynamic Cooperative Network Empowers LLMs with Video Understandingcited by 10
- 2023VLM-Eval: A General Evaluation on Video Large Language Modelscited by 7
- 2024Bridging Information Asymmetry in Text-video Retrieval: A Data-centric Approachcited by 5
- 2021Intelligent Monitoring of Stress Induced by Water Deficiency in Plants using Deep Learningcited by 3
- 2024VideoLights: Feature Refinement and Cross-Task Alignment Transformer for Joint Video Highlight Detection and Moment Retrievalcited by 3
- 2025DynImg: Key Frames with Visual Prompts are Good Representation for Multi-Modal Video Understandingcited by 3
- 2024A Survey of Recent Advances and Challenges in Deep Audio-Visual Correlation Learningcited by 2
- 2022A Deep Neural Framework for Image Caption Generation Using GRU-Based Attention Mechanismcited by 1
- 2022Fighting FIRe with FIRE: Assessing the Validity of Text-to-Video Retrieval Benchmarkscited by 1
- 2025Temporal-Oriented Recipe for Transferring Large Vision-Language Model to Video Understandingcited by 1
- 2021Enhancing Transformer for Video Understanding Using Gated Multi-Level Attention and Temporal Adversarial Trainingcited by 0
- 2022Recent Advances and Challenges in Deep Audio-Visual Correlation Learningcited by 0
- 2023SnakeVoxFormer: Transformer-based Single ImageVoxel Reconstruction with Run Length Encodingcited by 0
- 2023A Comparative Study of Pre-trained CNNs and GRU-Based Attention for Image Caption Generationcited by 0
- 2025Images in Motion?: A First Look into Video Leakage in Collaborative Deep Learningcited by 0
- 2025Oracle-RLAIF: An Improved Fine-Tuning Framework for Multi-modal Video Models using Reinforcement Learning from Ranking Feedbackcited by 0
- 2025Oracle-RLAIF: An Improved Fine-Tuning Framework for Multi-modal Video Models using Reinforcement Learning from Ranking Feedback2 Oct 2025
- 2025Images in Motion?: A First Look into Video Leakage in Collaborative Deep Learning11 Sep 2025
- 2025DynImg: Key Frames with Visual Prompts are Good Representation for Multi-Modal Video Understanding21 Jul 2025
- 2025Temporal-Oriented Recipe for Transferring Large Vision-Language Model to Video Understanding19 May 2025
- 2024VideoLights: Feature Refinement and Cross-Task Alignment Transformer for Joint Video Highlight Detection and Moment Retrieval2 Dec 2024
- 2024A Survey of Recent Advances and Challenges in Deep Audio-Visual Correlation Learning24 Nov 2024
- 2024DynFocus: Dynamic Cooperative Network Empowers LLMs with Video Understanding19 Nov 2024
- 2024PPLLaVA: Varied Video Sequence Understanding With Prompt Guidance4 Nov 2024
- 2024Lost in Time: A New Temporal Benchmark for VideoLLMs10 Oct 2024
- 2024Bridging Information Asymmetry in Text-video Retrieval: A Data-centric Approach14 Aug 2024
- 2024ST-LLM: Large Language Models Are Effective Temporal Learners30 Mar 2024
- 2023VLM-Eval: A General Evaluation on Video Large Language Models20 Nov 2023
16 more
- 2023A Comparative Study of Pre-trained CNNs and GRU-Based Attention for Image Caption Generation11 Oct 2023
- 2023From Association to Generation: Text-only Captioning by Unsupervised Cross-modal Mapping26 Apr 2023
- 2023Boundary-Denoising for Video Activity Localization6 Apr 2023
- 2023SnakeVoxFormer: Transformer-based Single ImageVoxel Reconstruction with Run Length Encoding28 Mar 2023
- 2023Query-Dependent Video Representation for Moment Retrieval and Highlight Detection24 Mar 2023
- 2023UATVR: Uncertainty-Adaptive Text-Video Retrieval16 Jan 2023
- 2022Cap4Video: What Can Auxiliary Captions Do for Text-Video Retrieval?31 Dec 2022
- 2022InternVideo: General Video Foundation Models via Generative and Discriminative Learning6 Dec 2022
- 2022Fighting FIRe with FIRE: Assessing the Validity of Text-to-Video Retrieval Benchmarks10 Oct 2022
- 2022Zero-Shot Video Captioning with Evolving Pseudo-Tokens22 Jul 2022
- 2022Tencent Text-Video Retrieval: Hierarchical Cross-Modal Interactions with Multi-Level Representations7 Apr 2022
- 2022Disentangled Representation Learning for Text-Video Retrieval14 Mar 2022
- 2022A Deep Neural Framework for Image Caption Generation Using GRU-Based Attention Mechanism3 Mar 2022
- 2022Recent Advances and Challenges in Deep Audio-Visual Correlation Learning28 Feb 2022
- 2021Intelligent Monitoring of Stress Induced by Water Deficiency in Plants using Deep Learning16 Apr 2021
- 2021Enhancing Transformer for Video Understanding Using Gated Multi-Level Attention and Temporal Adversarial Training18 Mar 2021
- 2023UATVR: Uncertainty-Adaptive Text-Video Retrievalcited by 55
- 2023From Association to Generation: Text-only Captioning by Unsupervised Cross-modal Mappingcited by 11
- 2024VideoLights: Feature Refinement and Cross-Task Alignment Transformer for Joint Video Highlight Detection and Moment Retrievalcited by 3
- 2025DynImg: Key Frames with Visual Prompts are Good Representation for Multi-Modal Video Understandingcited by 3
- 2025Temporal-Oriented Recipe for Transferring Large Vision-Language Model to Video Understandingcited by 1
- 2025DynImg: Key Frames with Visual Prompts are Good Representation for Multi-Modal Video Understanding21 Jul 2025
- 2025Temporal-Oriented Recipe for Transferring Large Vision-Language Model to Video Understanding19 May 2025
- 2024VideoLights: Feature Refinement and Cross-Task Alignment Transformer for Joint Video Highlight Detection and Moment Retrieval2 Dec 2024
- 2023From Association to Generation: Text-only Captioning by Unsupervised Cross-modal Mapping26 Apr 2023
- 2023UATVR: Uncertainty-Adaptive Text-Video Retrieval16 Jan 2023
- 2022InternVideo: General Video Foundation Models via Generative and Discriminative Learningcited by 447
- 2023Query-Dependent Video Representation for Moment Retrieval and Highlight Detectioncited by 166
- 2024ST-LLM: Large Language Models Are Effective Temporal Learnerscited by 126
- 2022Cap4Video: What Can Auxiliary Captions Do for Text-Video Retrieval?cited by 90
- 2022Disentangled Representation Learning for Text-Video Retrievalcited by 77
- 2024Lost in Time: A New Temporal Benchmark for VideoLLMscited by 42
- 2022Zero-Shot Video Captioning with Evolving Pseudo-Tokenscited by 25
- 2022Tencent Text-Video Retrieval: Hierarchical Cross-Modal Interactions with Multi-Level Representationscited by 19
- 2023Boundary-Denoising for Video Activity Localizationcited by 10
- 2024DynFocus: Dynamic Cooperative Network Empowers LLMs with Video Understandingcited by 10
- 2023VLM-Eval: A General Evaluation on Video Large Language Modelscited by 7
- 2024Bridging Information Asymmetry in Text-video Retrieval: A Data-centric Approachcited by 5
12 most cited of 21 All 21 (JSON)
- 2025Images in Motion?: A First Look into Video Leakage in Collaborative Deep Learning11 Sep 2025
- 2024A Survey of Recent Advances and Challenges in Deep Audio-Visual Correlation Learning24 Nov 2024
- 2024DynFocus: Dynamic Cooperative Network Empowers LLMs with Video Understanding19 Nov 2024
- 2024Lost in Time: A New Temporal Benchmark for VideoLLMs10 Oct 2024
- 2024Bridging Information Asymmetry in Text-video Retrieval: A Data-centric Approach14 Aug 2024
- 2024ST-LLM: Large Language Models Are Effective Temporal Learners30 Mar 2024
- 2023VLM-Eval: A General Evaluation on Video Large Language Models20 Nov 2023
- 2023A Comparative Study of Pre-trained CNNs and GRU-Based Attention for Image Caption Generation11 Oct 2023
- 2023Boundary-Denoising for Video Activity Localization6 Apr 2023
- 2023SnakeVoxFormer: Transformer-based Single ImageVoxel Reconstruction with Run Length Encoding28 Mar 2023
- 2023Query-Dependent Video Representation for Moment Retrieval and Highlight Detection24 Mar 2023
- 2022Cap4Video: What Can Auxiliary Captions Do for Text-Video Retrieval?31 Dec 2022
12 newest of 21 All 21 (JSON)