A Comprehensive Objective Evaluation of Modern Text-to-Speech for Turkish Using Speech Quality Assessment Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
Modern text-to-speech (TTS) systems can clone a target speaker from a short reference clip or be fine-tuned on a target voice, yet their behaviour on morphologically rich, lower-resource languages such as Turkish remain under-characterised. We present a systematic benchmark of four contemporary systems (Chatterbox, CosyVoice, OmniVoice, and VoxCPM2) evaluated across fine-tuned and zero-shot configurations, contrasted with a conventional VITS baseline and anchored to natural gold speech. Each configuration is scored with eighteen complementary objective metrics spanning learned naturalness predictors (UTMOS v2, DNSMOS-Pro, SCOREQ, WhisQA, AudioBox-PQ, NatScore, SpeechLMScore), intelligibility and signal-quality estimators (SQUIM PESQ/SI-SDR/STOI, Brouhaha), speaker similarity, distributional fidelity (TTSDS) and low-level acoustic descriptors. We further analyse how quality varies with utterance length and quantify long-form temporal consistency through speaker-identity and naturalness drift over chunked utterances. We release our evaluation code to support reproducible TTS evaluation.
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References · 21
- 2021Conditional Variational Autoencoder with Adversarial Learning for End-to-End Text-to-Speechcited by 561
- 2022UTMOS: UTokyo-SaruLab System for VoiceMOS Challenge 2022cited by 390
- 2021YourTTS: Towards Zero-Shot Multi-Speaker TTS and Zero-Shot Voice Conversion for everyonecited by 278
- 2020DNSMOS: A Non-Intrusive Perceptual Objective Speech Quality metric to evaluate Noise Suppressorscited by 241
- 2023NaturalSpeech 2: Latent Diffusion Models are Natural and Zero-Shot Speech and Singing Synthesizerscited by 235
- 2024XTTS: a Massively Multilingual Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech Modelcited by 179
- 2023Speak Foreign Languages with Your Own Voice: Cross-Lingual Neural Codec Language Modelingcited by 167
- 2025CosyVoice 3: Towards In-the-wild Speech Generation via Scaling-up and Post-trainingcited by 150
- 2025Meta Audiobox Aesthetics: Unified Automatic Quality Assessment for Speech, Music, and Soundcited by 137
- 2024The T05 System for The VoiceMOS Challenge 2024: Transfer Learning from Deep Image Classifier to Naturalness MOS Prediction of High-Quality Synthetic Speechcited by 83
- 2023TorchAudio-Squim: Reference-less Speech Quality and Intelligibility measures in TorchAudiocited by 59
- 2026OmniVoice: Towards Omnilingual Zero-Shot Text-to-Speech with Diffusion Language Modelscited by 25
9 more
- 2024SCOREQ: Speech Quality Assessment with Contrastive Regressioncited by 24
- 2022Brouhaha: multi-task training for voice activity detection, speech-to-noise ratio, and C50 room acoustics estimationcited by 23
- 2022SpeechLMScore: Evaluating speech generation using speech language modelcited by 20
- 2026VoxCPM2 Technical Reportcited by 17
- 2024MOS-Bench: Benchmarking Generalization Abilities of Subjective Speech Quality Assessment Modelscited by 12
- 2025TTSDS2: Resources and Benchmark for Evaluating Human-Quality Text to Speech Systemscited by 8
- 2025From Scores to Preferences: Redefining MOS Benchmarking for Speech Quality Reward Modelingcited by 5
- 2026UrgentMOS: Unified Multi-Metric and Preference Learning for Robust Speech Quality Assessmentcited by 4
- 2025WhiSQA: Non-Intrusive Speech Quality Prediction Using Whisper Encoder Featurescited by 2
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