ParaGeo: Decomposing Paralinguistic Variation into a Shared Latent Geometry
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Speech delivery varies with both the requested paralinguistic attribute and the linguistic content. We introduce ParaGeo, a matched-content decomposition of paralinguistic variation in a frozen speech language model. Synthesized audio tokens are replayed with a fixed listening prompt; pooled key/value (K/V) representations are centered and projected into a shared low-dimensional space. Our GLM-4-Voice probe spans 80 requested controls from 12 benchmark families across eight sentences. With a globally fitted calibration basis, content-held-out centroid accuracy using this basis is 9.49% versus a 1.25% permutation baseline; same-label cross-content cosine similarity is 0.285 versus 0.017, and both conditional permutation tests yield p = 0.001. A separate ten-scenario, six-style probe reveals reproducible contrast directions across scenarios. Static, additive, and temporal interventions produce attribute-, layer-, and schedule-dependent response profiles. These results provide a shared coordinate representation for measuring paralinguistic structure and an empirical starting point for latent speech control. Code is available at https://github.com/yuhanlydia/ParaGeo.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 20 of its 26 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Oct 2026.
Builds on
20 of 26 references.
References · 20
- 2023Steering Llama 2 via Contrastive Activation Additioncited by 1,085
- 2023Steering Language Models With Activation Engineeringcited by 922
- 2023The Linear Representation Hypothesis and the Geometry of Large Language Modelscited by 716
- 2019Designing and Interpreting Probes with Control Taskscited by 640
- 2024Moshi: a speech-text foundation model for real-time dialoguecited by 568
- 2020Null It Out: Guarding Protected Attributes by Iterative Nullspace Projectioncited by 455
- 2023LEACE: Perfect linear concept erasure in closed formcited by 267
- 2018Style Tokens: Unsupervised Style Modeling, Control and Transfer in End-to-End Speech Synthesiscited by 259
- 2024GLM-4-Voice: Towards Intelligent and Human-Like End-to-End Spoken Chatbotcited by 224
- 2018Towards End-to-End Prosody Transfer for Expressive Speech Synthesis with Tacotroncited by 173
- 2020Unsupervised Speech Decomposition via Triple Information Bottleneckcited by 88
- 2025EmoSteer-TTS: Fine-Grained and Training-Free Emotion-Controllable Text-to-Speech via Activation Steeringcited by 23
8 more
- 2026CoCoEmo: Composable and Controllable Human-Like Emotional TTS via Activation Steeringcited by 9
- 2026EmoShift: Lightweight Activation Steering for Enhanced Emotion-Aware Speech Synthesiscited by 7
- 2025Improving Causal Interventions in Amnesic Probing with Mean Projection or LEACEcited by 4
- 2025Beyond Global Emotion: Fine-Grained Emotional Speech Synthesis with Dynamic Word-Level Modulationcited by 3
- 2025Task Vector in TTS: Toward Emotionally Expressive Dialectal Speech Synthesiscited by 3
- 2026A Geometric Perspective on Composable Emotion Steering in Text-to-Speech Modelscited by 3
- 2025DisCo-Speech: Controllable Zero-Shot Speech Generation with A Disentangled Speech Codeccited by 2
- 2026SpeechParaling-Bench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Paralinguistic-Aware Speech Generationcited by 2
Built on by
Not cited yet.