mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

AI Should Facilitate Democratic Deliberation at Scale

arXiv 2609.20059 ↗First posted 17 Sep 2026cs.HC cs.AI cs.CLcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

AI systems can strengthen democracy by supporting deliberation at scale by addressing cognitive, social, platform-design, and market-driven frictions, while preserving human agency. Unlike proposals such as liquid democracy that restructure representation through vote delegation, in this position paper, we argue that AI-assisted deliberation offers a more promising path by lowering barriers to meaningful engagement without substituting machine judgment for human choice. Drawing on evidence from online deliberation platforms and experimental research, we identify four guiding principles: preserving agency and autonomy, encouraging mutual respect, promoting equality and inclusiveness, and augmenting rather than substituting active citizenship. We also address critical challenges, including alignment, sycophancy, training bias, and over-reliance on AI systems. We call on the machine learning community to develop deliberation-focused AI systems evaluated not on engagement metrics but on their capacity to facilitate informed, representative, and friction-robust discourse.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 25 of its 120 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Sep 2026.

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25 of 120 references.

References · 25

  1. 2023Towards Understanding Sycophancy in Language Modelscited by 1,040
  2. 2023Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?cited by 773
  3. 2022A New Generation of Perspective API: Efficient Multilingual Character-level Transformerscited by 185
  4. 2023Cultural Bias and Cultural Alignment of Large Language Modelscited by 149
  5. 2024The Ethics of Advanced AI Assistantscited by 107
  6. 2020Toxicity Detection: Does Context Really Matter?cited by 93
  7. 2024How Well Do LLMs Represent Values Across Cultures? Empirical Analysis of LLM Responses Based on Hofstede Cultural Dimensionscited by 52
  8. 2024LLMs Beyond English: Scaling the Multilingual Capability of LLMs with Cross-Lingual Feedbackcited by 51
  9. 2023Democratizing LLMs for Low-Resource Languages by Leveraging their English Dominant Abilities with Linguistically-Diverse Promptscited by 45
  10. 2023Opportunities and Risks of LLMs for Scalable Deliberation with Poliscited by 42
  11. 2024Densing Law of LLMscited by 40
  12. 2021Algorithmic Amplification of Politics on Twittercited by 38
13 more
  1. 2025The Homogenizing Effect of Large Language Models on Human Expression and Thoughtcited by 35
  2. 2017Anyone Can Become a Troll: Causes of Trolling Behavior in Online Discussionscited by 30
  3. 2024Political-LLM: Large Language Models in Political Sciencecited by 27
  4. 2024Can LLMs Recognize Toxicity? A Structured Investigation Framework and Toxicity Metriccited by 23
  5. 2023Democratic Policy Development using Collective Dialogues and AIcited by 17
  6. 2023'Generative CI' through Collective Response Systemscited by 13
  7. 2021Reconsidering Tweets: Intervening During Tweet Creation Decreases Offensive Contentcited by 11
  8. 2026WAXAL: A Large-Scale Multilingual African Language Speech Corpuscited by 11
  9. 2025Can AI Truly Represent Your Voice in Deliberations? A Comprehensive Study of Large-Scale Opinion Aggregation with LLMscited by 6
  10. 2025The Basic B*** Effect: The Use of LLM-based Agents Reduces the Distinctiveness and Diversity of People's Choicescited by 5
  11. 2022Quantifying attention via dwell time and engagement in a social media browsing environmentcited by 4
  12. 2024Supporting Online Discussions: Integrating AI Into the adhocracy+ Participation Platform To Enhance Deliberationcited by 1
  13. 2025Impact of AI Tools on Learning Outcomes: Decreasing Knowledge and Over-Reliancecited by 1

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