mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Issue Bias in Generative AI Writing Assistance: Political Issues and LLMs in the Swedish 2026 Election

arXiv 2609.15207 ↗First posted 14 Sep 2026cs.AI cs.CY stat.APcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Generative AI writing assistants and the Large Language Models (LLMs) that power them are increasingly part of how voters gather information before elections. With growing evidence that they influence users' opinions, it is increasingly important to understand the views and positions of these tools. To better understand these views, we examine the stances supplied by six LLMs on a variety of Swedish-language writing tasks ahead of the 2026 Swedish parliamentary election. We cross 107 policy propositions with 77 writing templates and neutral, positive, and negative prompt framings, producing 24,717 prompts per model and 148,302 responses. To study these, we look at the models' default stance tendencies, compare how they respond to similar issues, and compare their responses with those of each of Sweden's eight parliamentary parties on the same issue. We find that Claude, DeepSeek, Gemini, and Mistral have similar profiles; ChatGPT more often supplies neutral or ambivalent text; and Grok differs most on topics such as migration, crime, and gender. When comparing the political parties, we find that the Social Democrats are closest to all six models. Still, after correcting for multiple comparisons, none of the within-model differences in party distances remains significant. Overall, we find that no model has a clear preference, nor a clear preference for a party, but that this depends on the specific issue or task the user asks about.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 6 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 14 Sep 2026.

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References · 6

  1. 2023Co-Writing with Opinionated Language Models Affects Users' Viewscited by 148
  2. 2024Assessing Political Bias in Large Language Modelscited by 32
  3. 2024On the Relationship between Truth and Political Bias in Language Modelscited by 31
  4. 2025IssueBench: Millions of Realistic Prompts for Measuring Issue Bias in LLM Writing Assistancecited by 26
  5. 2025Political Neutrality in AI Is Impossible- But Here Is How to Approximate Itcited by 10
  6. 2025Language-Dependent Political Bias in AI: A Study of ChatGPT and Geminicited by 2

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