mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

LePlanner: An Iterative Amortized Controller For World Models

arXiv 2609.13845 ↗First posted 12 Sep 2026cs.RO cs.AIcited by 0

On the map: World models → Latent predictive world models

Abstract (arXiv)

World models trained with joint-embedding predictive architectures learn compact, structured latent representations from physical interaction, yet planning in these latent spaces typically relies on one of two costly approaches. Search-based planners such as CEM, MPPI, and iCEM optimize action sequences through many predictor rollouts, achieving strong performance at the cost of high per-decision compute and latency. Policy-based methods amortize inference into a single forward pass but can degrade on contact-rich tasks where the demonstration distribution is multimodal. We propose LePlanner, an amortized iterative controller that learns to construct and refine latent action sequences through a frozen world-model predictor. LePlanner is trained with an arrival-and-hold objective that encourages the controller to reach the goal at the earliest feasible horizon and remain there. This addresses horizon-reset procrastination, a failure mode in which repeated receding-horizon replanning continually postpones goal arrival. An additional action-Gaussian loss keeps generated actions near the support of the offline dataset. Across navigation, contact-rich manipulation, and continuous-control environments, LePlanner matches or exceeds search-based planners while requiring an order of magnitude fewer predictor evaluations and 3-49x lower wall-clock time per decision. It achieves success rates of 98% on PushT, 100% on Reacher, 100% on TwoRooms, and 92% on the OGBench Cube task. These results show that much of the structure discovered through online search can be amortized into a lightweight iterative policy, enabling fast, horizon-aware, nonlinear physical control without online optimization.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Latent predictive world models, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 25 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Sep 2026.

Builds on

25 of 34 references.

Closest ancestors · 8

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2026Latent Geometry Beyond Search: Amortizing Planning in World Models9 May
  2. 2026LeWorldModel: Stable End-to-End Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecture from Pixels13 Mar
  3. 2026Temporal Straightening for Latent Planning12 Mar
  4. 2025Closing the Train-Test Gap in World Models for Gradient-Based Planning10 Dec
  5. 2024DINO-WM: World Models on Pre-trained Visual Features enable Zero-shot Planning7 Nov
  6. 2023Self-Supervised Learning from Images with a Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecture19 Jan
  7. 2022Temporal Difference Learning for Model Predictive Control9 Mar
  8. 2018Learning Latent Dynamics for Planning from Pixels12 Nov

Other references · 17

  1. 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,764
  2. 2021Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformerscited by 6,893
  3. 2023Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusioncited by 2,730
  4. 2023Consistency Modelscited by 1,778
  5. 2019Dream to Control: Learning Behaviors by Latent Imaginationcited by 1,598
  6. 2018Off-Policy Deep Reinforcement Learning without Explorationcited by 1,227
  7. 2023Mastering Diverse Domains through World Modelscited by 1,193
  8. 2017Hindsight Experience Replaycited by 1,096
  9. 2015End-to-End Training of Deep Visuomotor Policiescited by 847
  10. 2019Stabilizing Off-Policy Q-Learning via Bootstrapping Error Reductioncited by 833
  11. 2018Recurrent World Models Facilitate Policy Evolutioncited by 761
  12. 2018Deep Reinforcement Learning in a Handful of Trials using Probabilistic Dynamics Modelscited by 748
5 more
  1. 2020MOPO: Model-based Offline Policy Optimizationcited by 630
  2. 2020MOReL : Model-Based Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 582
  3. 2023TD-MPC2: Scalable, Robust World Models for Continuous Controlcited by 482
  4. 2024OGBench: Benchmarking Offline Goal-Conditioned RLcited by 216
  5. 2018Iterative Amortized Inferencecited by 93

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  1. 2026LeFlow: Generative Latent Flow Planning for World Models
  2. 2026SAGE: Subgoal-Conditioned Action Generation for Latent World Model Planning
  3. 2026The Planning Limits of Latent World Models
  4. 2026Beyond the Next Step: Variable-Length Latent World Models for Long-Horizon Planning
  5. 2026FlexiWorld: Learning and Planning via Flexible Action Chunks Across Multiple Time Scales
  6. 2026Hierarchical Planning with Latent World Models
  7. 2026HarnessWAM: Bridging Prediction and Deliberation in World Action Models
  8. 2026DualWAM: Dual-System World Action Models for Asynchronous Global Planning and Local Refinement