mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

MetroLLM-Bench: Evaluating Language Models as Transit Kiosk Runtimes

arXiv 2609.10016 ↗First posted 9 Sep 2026cs.LG cs.AI cs.CLcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce MetroLLM-Bench, a 955-case benchmark for testing language models as the policy layer of a transit kiosk. It covers six real metro systems, ranging from 37 to 414 stations, and eleven categories that include routing, fare calculation, disruptions, accessibility, and adversarial input. In each case, the model must call structured tools and submit a machine-renderable terminal state containing an outcome, a per-ticket fare quote when applicable, and a kiosk action. Fourteen deterministic scoring components form Tier 1; eight semantic-quality components form Tier 2, six of which use a language-model judge. We report Tier 1 and the combined score of both tiers. A stratified 75/25 split reserves 717 cases for training-data generation and 238 for held-out evaluation. We evaluate twenty-six models from six vendors, of which twenty-three are ranked. On the held-out partition, a 4B Qwen 3.5 student trained through parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) exceeds both GPT-5.6 tiers on Tier 1 (91.3 against 90.6 and 90.0) and matches GPT-5.4 full at maximum reasoning effort (91.4), with a 2.6 GB Q4_K_M footprint. Larger 9B and 27B students provide no further Tier 1 improvement over the 4B student at this training scale. Across the four Qwen sizes, the PEFT gain over the corresponding base model decreases from +7.03 points at 2B (three training seeds) to -0.91 at 27B; every seed shows the same direction at every size. A deterministic rule-based baseline reaches 84.6 on Tier 1, with the remaining language-model advantage concentrated in policy adaptation, compound scenarios, accessibility, and temporal reasoning. Muse Glimmer 30B leads the composite ranking, and serving configuration alone moves the Qwen 3.5-to-3.8 comparison by 2.7 Tier 1 points. The benchmark, harness, reproduction guide, and fine-tuned students are released at https://github.com/continker/metrollm-bench.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 19 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Sep 2026.

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19 of 34 references.

References · 19

  1. 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,820
  2. 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,695
  3. 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,626
  4. 2023QLoRA: Efficient Finetuning of Quantized LLMscited by 3,418
  5. 2024τ-bench: A Benchmark for Tool-Agent-User Interaction in Real-World Domainscited by 1,402
  6. 2023AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agentscited by 1,267
  7. 2023GAIA: a benchmark for General AI Assistantscited by 1,128
  8. 2023Towards Understanding Sycophancy in Language Modelscited by 1,040
  9. 2025OpenAI GPT-5 System Cardcited by 989
  10. 2024The Instruction Hierarchy: Training LLMs to Prioritize Privileged Instructionscited by 493
  11. 2023FireAct: Toward Language Agent Fine-tuningcited by 256
  12. 2025JSONSchemaBench: A Rigorous Benchmark of Structured Outputs for Language Modelscited by 71
7 more
  1. 2025Control Illusion: The Failure of Instruction Hierarchies in Large Language Modelscited by 33
  2. 2025StructEval: Benchmarking LLMs' Capabilities to Generate Structural Outputscited by 25
  3. 2025Policy-as-Prompt: Turning AI Governance Rules into Guardrails for AI Agentscited by 14
  4. 2025Small Language Models for Efficient Agentic Tool Calling: Outperforming Large Models with Targeted Fine-tuningcited by 7
  5. 2024DelayPTC-LLM: Metro Passenger Travel Choice Prediction under Train Delays with Large Language Modelscited by 6
  6. 2025Live API-Bench: 2500+ Live APIs for Testing Multi-Step Tool Callingcited by 4
  7. 2024Leveraging Large Language Models for Enhancing Public Transit Servicescited by 3

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  1. 2024TransportationGames: Benchmarking Transportation Knowledge of (Multimodal) Large Language Models
  2. 2024Benchmarking the Capabilities of Large Language Models in Transportation System Engineering: Accuracy, Consistency, and Reasoning Behaviors
  3. 2024TraveLLM: Could you plan my new public transit route in face of a network disruption?
  4. 2026TRIP-Evaluate: An Open Multimodal Benchmark for Evaluating Large Models in Transportation
  5. 2026TWGuard: A Case Study of LLM Safety Guardrails for Localized Linguistic Contexts
  6. 2024RouteLLM: Learning to Route LLMs with Preference Data
  7. 2026ChatPlanner: A Large Language Model Framework for Personalized Public Transit Routing
  8. 2026Large Language Models in Transportation Systems Management and Operations: From Text Reasoning to Multi-modal Decision Support