mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

SCX Router: Streaming Zero-Shot Model Selection with a Decoder-KV Classifier and a Real-World Task Ontology

arXiv 2609.02292 ↗First posted 2 Sep 2026cs.AI cs.CLcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) and the growing diversity of their applications presents a unique optimization opportunity: selecting the right model for the task, while optimizing for speed, cost, and quality at a per-task level. However, inference endpoints can vary widely in quality, price, latency, context support, tool use, domain expertise, and reasoning behavior. This heterogeneity makes manual heuristics difficult to maintain and unlikely to achieve consistently favorable speed--cost--quality trade-offs on their own. We introduce router, a lightweight GLiClass-based router that assigns a suitability score to each inference-time model label without autoregressive generation. The released 0.6B-parameter checkpoint combines a Qwen3 decoder with a shallow bidirectional scorer. Its decoder-KV execution path preserves a text-only key--value cache across a session, encodes only new dialogue turns, and evaluates transient candidate-label tokens without adding them to the persistent cache. The same checkpoint also predicts task type, difficulty, reasoning mode, and expected output length, and supports custom zero-shot labels. For task generation, we construct a task ontology with 23 families, 115 task types, 345 routable subtypes, 1,173 synthetic examples, and an orthogonal axis of 30 domains. Using this structure, we generate 150,000 verifier-scored tasks and 15,000 open-ended tasks. We then train the Qwen3 decoder on these tasks, while explicitly separating learned request prediction from per-task policies for attributes such as eligibility, cost, cache reuse, safety, and sovereignty. Across six LiveBench subsets, the router outperforms the mean candidate; on the selected 1,000-task subset, it achieves an aggregate top-1 score of 0.707 versus 0.696 for the strongest fixed model, with benchmark-dependent gains.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 17 of its 22 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Sep 2026.

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17 of 22 references.

References · 17

  1. 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,820
  2. 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,626
  3. 2023SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-World GitHub Issues?cited by 3,373
  4. 2020DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attentioncited by 2,181
  5. 2023AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agentscited by 1,267
  6. 2024OSWorld: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Open-Ended Tasks in Real Computer Environmentscited by 1,195
  7. 2023GAIA: a benchmark for General AI Assistantscited by 1,128
  8. 2023FrugalGPT: How to Use Large Language Models While Reducing Cost and Improving Performancecited by 853
  9. 2024RouteLLM: Learning to Route LLMs with Preference Datacited by 682
  10. 2024Replacing Judges with Juries: Evaluating LLM Generations with a Panel of Diverse Modelscited by 326
  11. 2024RouterBench: A Benchmark for Multi-LLM Routing Systemcited by 238
  12. 2023MuSR: Testing the Limits of Chain-of-thought with Multistep Soft Reasoningcited by 201
5 more
  1. 2023AutoMix: Automatically Mixing Language Modelscited by 125
  2. 2025BIG-Bench Extra Hardcited by 125
  3. 2023GLiNER: Generalist Model for Named Entity Recognition using Bidirectional Transformercited by 88
  4. 2024A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMscited by 80
  5. 2025GLiClass: Generalist Lightweight Model for Sequence Classification Taskscited by 15

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  1. 2025Lookahead Routing for Large Language Models
  2. 2024Performance Characterization of Expert Router for Scalable LLM Inference
  3. 2024TensorOpera Router: A Multi-Model Router for Efficient LLM Inference
  4. 2025Route-and-Reason: Scaling Large Language Model Reasoning with Reinforced Model Router
  5. 2026Evaluating Small Language Models for Front-Door Routing: A Harmonized Benchmark and Synthetic-Traffic Experiment
  6. 2025Route to Reason: Adaptive Routing for LLM and Reasoning Strategy Selection
  7. 2026RouteWeaver: Weaving Mode Selection and Execution into Unified LLM Routing
  8. 2026LLM Router: Rethinking Routing with Prefill Activations