PACE: Phase-Progress-Aware Credit for Long-Horizon Embodied Manipulation
On the map: Vision-language-action models → Reasoning and chain-of-thought in VLA
Abstract (arXiv)
Post-training of vision-language-action (VLA) models typically relies on expert demonstrations and policy interaction trajectories. However, in long-horizon manipulation, a single episode often spans hundreds of control steps and multiple phases, while success or failure is only revealed at episode termination. Policy improvement therefore requires step-level credit signals to distinguish behaviors that advance the task from those that stall or regress. We present PACE, a credit-assignment framework for post-training on long-horizon manipulation, centered on a phase-progress-aware critic. PACE consists of two key modules: (1) the Global-Local Cooperative Value-Correction Critic (GLC-Critic) aggregates visual and motion-difference features within local temporal windows to infer the phase and intra-phase progress of each step, and applies residual correction to a discretized remaining-cost distribution accordingly, enabling step-level credit assignment; (2) Progressive Policy Distillation (PPD) converts credit into positive and negative conditions via task-wise thresholds and trains a credit-conditioned action generation policy: it first protects the pretrained policy with high-credit positive samples, then incorporates all positive and negative credits to learn the quality boundary, and at inference amplifies high-credit behaviors through the difference between conditional outputs. Extensive simulation experiments and diverse real-world robotic-arm experiments demonstrate that PACE consistently achieves significant improvements over the strongest baseline.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning and chain-of-thought in VLA, one of 13 directions in Vision-language-action models. Builds on 23 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Aug 2026.
Builds on
23 of 30 references.
References · 23
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2023Sigmoid Loss for Language Image Pre-Trainingcited by 3,048
- 2023RT-2: Vision-Language-Action Models Transfer Web Knowledge to Robotic Controlcited by 2,993
- 2024OpenVLA: An Open-Source Vision-Language-Action Modelcited by 2,777
- 2025Qwen3-VL Technical Reportcited by 2,534
- 2024π0: A Vision-Language-Action Flow Model for General Robot Controlcited by 2,297
- 2022RT-1: Robotics Transformer for Real-World Control at Scalecited by 2,007
- 2025Gemma 3 Technical Reportcited by 1,686
- 2025π0.5: a Vision-Language-Action Model with Open-World Generalizationcited by 1,653
- 2023LIBERO: Benchmarking Knowledge Transfer for Lifelong Robot Learningcited by 1,338
- 2017A Distributional Perspective on Reinforcement Learningcited by 743
- 2025π*0.6: a VLA That Learns From Experiencecited by 280
11 more
- 2025VLA-RL: Towards Masterful and General Robotic Manipulation with Scalable Reinforcement Learningcited by 166
- 2025ConRFT: A Reinforced Fine-tuning Method for VLA Models via Consistency Policycited by 139
- 2024Vision Language Models are In-Context Value Learnerscited by 84
- 2025Diffusion Guidance Is a Controllable Policy Improvement Operatorcited by 51
- 2025TGRPO :Fine-tuning Vision-Language-Action Model via Trajectory-wise Group Relative Policy Optimizationcited by 47
- 2026Xiaomi-Robotics-0: An Open-Sourced Vision-Language-Action Model with Real-Time Executioncited by 42
- 2025SARM: Stage-Aware Reward Modeling for Long Horizon Robot Manipulationcited by 36
- 2026ARM: Advantage Reward Modeling for Long-Horizon Manipulationcited by 10
- 2026IG-RFT: An Interaction-Guided RL Framework for VLA Models in Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulationcited by 5
- 2026ProgVLA: Progress-Aware Robot Manipulation Skill Learningcited by 3
- 2026Bi-HIL: Bilateral Control-Based Multimodal Hierarchical Imitation Learning via Subtask-Level Progress Rate and Keyframe Memory for Long-Horizon Contact-Rich Robotic Manipulationcited by 2
Built on by
Not cited yet.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026ProcVLM: Learning Procedure-Grounded Progress Rewards for Robotic Manipulation
- 2026ProgressVLA: Progress-Guided Diffusion Policy for Vision-Language Robotic Manipulation
- 2026Cortex: A Bidirectionally Aligned Embodied Agent Framework for Long-horizon Manipulation
- 2026ChainVLA: Chaining Vision-Language-Action Queries through a Unified Execution State for Long-Horizon Manipulation
- 2025Long-VLA: Unleashing Long-Horizon Capability of Vision Language Action Model for Robot Manipulation
- 2026BagelVLA: Enhancing Long-Horizon Manipulation via Interleaved Vision-Language-Action Generation
- 2026PALM: Progress-Aware Policy Learning via Affordance Reasoning for Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation
- 2026SARM2: Multi-Task Stage Aware Reward Modeling for Self Improving Robotic Manipulation