mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

ConformalShift: Targeted Event Reordering Against Adaptive ECG Monitoring

arXiv 2608.03628 ↗First posted 4 Aug 2026cs.LGcited by 2

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Abstract (arXiv)

Adaptive conformal prediction can recover clinically important heartbeat classes missed by a point classifier, but delayed feedback makes its decisions sensitive to event order. We introduce ConformalShift, a bounded event-reordering attack that suppresses the ventricular class for rescued events without modifying ECG waveforms, labels, classifier scores, or the event multiset. ConformalShift searches for feasible permutations of authentic preceding events that lower the ventricular threshold before a selected target is evaluated. On disjoint MIT--BIH confirmation records, the attack suppressed 66.7% of eligible targets for Extra Trees and 60.0% for HistGradientBoosting, compared with random-schedule rates of 4.4% and 12.0%, respectively. Transferred configurations also outperformed random scheduling on INCART, while reducing the displacement budget weakened the attack on both datasets. These results show that adaptive monitors in healthcare can be compromised through the timing of authentic information, even when waveforms, labels, classifier outputs, and event contents remain unchanged.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 16 of its 23 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Aug 2026.

Builds on

16 of 23 references.

References · 16

  1. 2014Explaining and Harnessing Adversarial Examplescited by 7,364
  2. 2013Intriguing properties of neural networkscited by 5,155
  3. 2021Adaptive Conformal Inference Under Distribution Shiftcited by 375
  4. 2022Practical Adversarial Multivalid Conformal Predictioncited by 65
  5. 2024Online conformal prediction with decaying step sizescited by 56
  6. 2024Provably Robust Conformal Prediction with Improved Efficiencycited by 27
  7. 2025The Relationship between No-Regret Learning and Online Conformal Predictioncited by 13
  8. 2024Split Conformal Prediction under Data Contaminationcited by 12
  9. 2024Adaptive Conformal Inference by Bettingcited by 12
  10. 2017Online Learning with Local Permutations and Delayed Feedbackcited by 10
  11. 2024The Pitfalls and Promise of Conformal Inference Under Adversarial Attackscited by 8
  12. 2024Stochastic Online Conformal Prediction with Semi-Bandit Feedbackcited by 8
4 more
  1. 2024Robust Conformal Prediction Using Privileged Informationcited by 7
  2. 2024Robustness and Visual Explanation for Black Box Image, Video, and ECG Signal Classification with Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
  3. 2019Adversarial Examples for Electrocardiogramscited by 2
  4. 2021Application of Adversarial Examples to Physical ECG Signalscited by 2

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.

2 papers.

  1. 2026CohortHijack: Robustness of Single Cell Annotation to Companion Cell Removalcited by 1
  2. 2026ChronosAttack: Adversarial Tool Scheduling Attacks on LLM Agentscited by 0