mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

The Gate Always Closes: On Injecting Auxiliary Signals into Frozen Vision-Language Models

arXiv 2607.23335 ↗First posted 25 Jul 2026cs.CVcited by 1

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → VLM benchmarks and visual reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

Auxiliary signal pathways in VLMs are routinely fitted with learnable gates so the optimiser can decide how much of the signal to admit. We find that the optimiser almost always decides on zero: across five injection designs, every gated pathway becomes behaviourally closed, with accuracy invariant to ablating the pathway at inference even when the gate parameter would nominally pass 30-45% of the signal. We attribute this suppression phenomenon to two regimes, a dead-gradient regime formalised through the caption-invariance of image-derived signals, and a negative-utility regime in which the auxiliary signal actively hurts the loss. Rather than fight suppression, we exploit it: we regularise LoRA fine-tuning with geometric auxiliary losses from hyperbolic visual relational graphs (IoA-driven entailment cones and angular repulsion on the Lorentz manifold), coupled only through the forward pass at training time and dropped at inference. Disaggregating GQA by question type exposes a clean dissociation. Three configurations without geometric losses at inference lose 2.85-3.39pp on relational questions while gaining ~1pp on attribute questions; a fourth that trains with the losses but infers through a soft prompt loses 5.14pp on rel for only +0.23pp on attr, so training-time regularisation alone does not protect relational accuracy without a geometric inference pathway. Configurations that keep the geometric pathway at inference preserve vanilla-level relational accuracy and match the attribute gain. Out of distribution on VSR, the RMS-prefix recipe preserves the spatial signal; stripping the geometric losses (G2) collapses VSR by 4.6pp, isolating them as the OOD source. A secondary result: embedding-norm alignment is necessary for generation-safe prefix injection, and learnable gates should be replaced with fixed, non-optional injection at matched scales.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in VLM benchmarks and visual reasoning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 21 of its 27 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Jul 2026.

Builds on

21 of 27 references.

Closest ancestors · 3

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2026Scene Graph Thinking: Reinforcing Structured Visual Reasoning for Multimodal Large Language Models7 Jul
  2. 2026HyperVis: Continuous Latent Visual Relational Graphs on the Lorentz Hyperboloid for Compositional Reasoning4 Jun
  3. 2023Compositional Chain-of-Thought Prompting for Large Multimodal Models27 Nov

Other references · 18

  1. 2021RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embeddingcited by 4,581
  2. 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 4,362
  3. 2022Visual Prompt Tuningcited by 1,674
  4. 2021Train Short, Test Long: Attention with Linear Biases Enables Input Length Extrapolationcited by 1,085
  5. 2017Poincar'e Embeddings for Learning Hierarchical Representationscited by 674
  6. 2022When and why vision-language models behave like bags-of-words, and what to do about it?cited by 603
  7. 2023LLaMA-Adapter V2: Parameter-Efficient Visual Instruction Modelcited by 602
  8. 2022Winoground: Probing Vision and Language Models for Visio-Linguistic Compositionalitycited by 523
  9. 2022Visual Spatial Reasoningcited by 288
  10. 2023SugarCrepe: Fixing Hackable Benchmarks for Vision-Language Compositionalitycited by 238
  11. 2018Hyperbolic Entailment Cones for Learning Hierarchical Embeddingscited by 160
  12. 2023Hyperbolic Image-Text Representationscited by 132
6 more
  1. 2020Geoopt: Riemannian Optimization in PyTorchcited by 109
  2. 2023NEFTune: Noisy Embeddings Improve Instruction Finetuningcited by 99
  3. 2024Compositional Entailment Learning for Hyperbolic Vision-Language Modelscited by 72
  4. 2023Incorporating Structured Representations into Pretrained Vision & Language Models Using Scene Graphscited by 39
  5. 2025Hyperbolic Deep Learning for Foundation Models: A Surveycited by 20
  6. 2025FlashBias: Fast Computation of Attention with Biascited by 9

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

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  1. 2026Diagnosing Visual Ignorance in Vision-Language Models
  2. 2025When to Think and When to Look: Uncertainty-Guided Lookback
  3. 2026Efficient Inference for Large Vision-Language Models: Bottlenecks, Techniques, and Prospects
  4. 2026Pathways of Visual Information Flow in Vision-Language Models
  5. 2025Towards Self-Refinement of Vision-Language Models with Triangular Consistency
  6. 2026Text Capability Loss in Vision-Language Adaptation: An Attention-Sink Diagnosis
  7. 2024Inference Optimal VLMs Need Fewer Visual Tokens and More Parameters
  8. 2026Investigating Relational Reasoning in VLMs